ISaluki (Persian greyhound, English Saluki) ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zezinja, uma kungezona ezindala kunazo zonke. Okhokho bakhe bahlala eMiddle East kusukela ezinsukwini zaseGibhithe lasendulo naseMesopotamiya. Bahlonishwa kakhulu ezweni labo, uSaluki kwi-Islam ubhekwa njengesilwane esimsulwa, lapho ezinye izinja zingcolile.
Izifushaniso
- Bathanda ukugijima futhi badinga umsebenzi wansuku zonke.
- Kepha udinga ukuwahambisa nge-leash, ngaphandle kokuthi uqiniseke ngokuphepha kwendawo. AbakwaSaluki banomuzwa oqinile wokulandela izilwane.
- Bayayithanda imindeni yabo, kodwa ababethembi abantu abangabazi. Ukuxhumana nabantu kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuqeda ukwesaba nobugwala.
- Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngombhede onethezekile, njengoba inja ingenawo amafutha omzimba anele.
- Ezinganeni ezindala, zingaba abangane nabangane, kepha azinconyelwe izingane ezincane.
- Kuyaqabukela banikeze izwi.
- Lapho uqeqesha uSaluki, umuntu kufanele ahambisane, aphikelele futhi asebenzise izindlela ezinhle kuphela.
- Awukwazi ukuzigcina endlini enezilwane ezifuywayo ezincane. Ngokushesha noma kamuva ukuphela kuzofika.
- Kungaba okhethwayo ngokudla.
Umlando wozalo
ISaluki ibhekwa njengohlobo oludala kunazo zonke, mhlawumbe olokuqala. Kuncane okwaziwayo ngokubukeka kwayo, ngoba kwenzeka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule. Izinja zokuqala zafuywa kwenye indawo eMiddle East naseNdiya.
Babehluke kakhulu ezihlotsheni zabo - izimpisi, ngaphandle kokuthi babenobungane kakhulu kubantu.
Baye bahamba nezizwe zabazingeli-abaqoqi iminyaka engamakhulu amaningi. Njengoba izizwe zazulazula, nezimo zokuphila zashintsha.
Izinja ezifuywayo zahluka kakhulu izimpisi. Lezo zinja zazifana namadoos anamuhla, izinja eziculayo zaseNew Guinea, nama-mongrels aseMiddle East.
Lokhu kungabonakala ezithombeni esizishiyelwe ngabantu baseGibhithe lasendulo naseMesopotamiya.
Njengoba amadolobhana ephenduka amadolobha, kwaqala ukuvela isigaba esibusayo. Lesi sigaba besivele sikwazi ukuthenga ezokuzijabulisa, enye yazo bekungukuzingela.
Iningi laseGibhithe liyizindawo ezivulekile: izingwadule namathafa, lapho kunezinsephe, izinhlwathi ezincane, onogwaja nezinyoni eziklaba khona.
Izinja ezizingelayo zalesi sifunda kwakudingeka zinejubane ukuze zibambe inyamazane nokubona okuhle ukuze zikubone ukude. Futhi abaseGibhithe bazazisa lezi zinja, bathola ukuthi izidumbu eziningi seziminyene, bekufanele babe ngabangane ngemuva kwempilo.
Izithombe zezinja zabaseGibhithe lasendulo zisikhumbuza izinja zikaFaro zanamuhla kanye nePodenko ibitsenko, bese zibizwa ngokuthi "ama-tees". Kepha, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izithombe zemicu ziqala ukushintsha izithombe zenja, ehlukile ngokubukeka.
Bangabonakala izinja, ezikhumbuza kakhulu i-saluki yesimanje, abazingela ngayo ngendlela efanayo. Izithombe zokuqala zalezi zinja zitholakala phakathi kwekhulu lesi-6 nelesi-7 BC.
Izithombe ezifanayo zingatholakala emithonjeni yaseSumeriya ngaleso sikhathi. Ochwepheshe bathi uSaluki uvelaphi - evela eGibhithe noma eMesopotamiya, kepha impendulo yalo mbuzo ayisoze yatholakala.
Lezi zifunda zenza ukuhweba okubanzi namanye amazwe futhi ziwathonya kakhulu. Akunandaba ukuthi kuphi, kepha uSaluki usakazeka ngokushesha uye nakwamanye amazwe esifundeni.
Akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi babevelaphi, kepha iqiniso lokuthi babengokhokho bezinja zesimanje liyiqiniso. Izifundo zakamuva zofuzo zikhombe izinhlobo eziyi-14, i-genome yazo ehluke kancane kwizimpisi. NoSaluki ungomunye wabo.
Kukholakala ukuthi iSaluki yehla ngezindikimba, kepha lokhu akuyona into edlula ukucabanga okususelwa ekufaneni kwalezi zinhlobo. Uma okhokho bakhe bezinye izinja, bekungekho-ke ubufakazi bokuvela kwabo. Lokhu mhlawumbe ngohlobo oludala kakhulu olwehlele kithi cishe alushintshi.
Amasimu we-Fertile Crescent ayenebhizinisi elisheshayo kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Ephakathi kanti abakwaSalukis baphelela eGrisi naseChina futhi baduma eNhlonhlweni Yase-Arabia. AmaSaluki ngokusobala ayebaluleke kakhulu ezweni lasendulo, kanti ezinye izazi zebhayibheli zikholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhulunywa ngazo eBhayibhelini.
Isikhathi eside kwakucatshangwa ukuthi yibo ababangela zonke izinhlobo zama-greyhound, kusukela eGreyhound kuya eRussia hound. Kepha, izifundo zofuzo zikhombisile ukuthi azihlobene futhi uhlobo ngalunye lukhula lodwa. Futhi ukufana kwabo kwangaphandle kungumphumela wokufana ekusetshenzisweni.
Kodwa-ke, abakwaSaluki babambe iqhaza ekubukekeni kwehound Afghan.
Phakathi kwabo bonke abahlaseli baseGibhithe, akekho owaletha ushintsho oluningi ngokwamasiko nenkolo njengama-Arabhu namaSulumane. E-Islam, inja ithathwa njengesilwane esingahlanzekile, abakwazi ukuhlala endlini, futhi inyama yezilwane ebanjwe yinja ayinakudliwa.
Eqinisweni, abaningi bayenqaba ngisho nokuthinta inja. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwenziwa okuhlukile kuSaluki. Akathathwa njengenja nakancane. Ebizwa ngo-El Hor ngesi-Arabhu, kubhekwa njengesipho esivela ku-Allah futhi akuvinjelwe.
AbakwaSaluki bokuqala beza eYurophu kanye namabutho empi yenkolo. Babamba izinja eZweni Elingcwele baziletha ekhaya njengezindebe. Ngo-1514, inja efana noSaluki iboniswe emdwebeni kaLukas Kranach the Elder.
Abadwebi bangeNkathi Ephakathi bamdweba emidwebweni ebonisa ukuzalwa kukaKristu. Kodwa-ke, eYurophu ngaleso sikhathi kwakungasakazeki, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi amahlathi ayephethe lapho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphelela eChina, njengoba kungabonakala kahle kumdwebo ka-1427 oveza umbusi.
Ngekhulu le-18, uMbuso WaseBrithani wanqoba iGibithe neningi leNhlonhlo Yase-Arabia. Amaphoyisa, abaphathi kanye nemindeni yabo bafika esifundeni.
Baqala ukugcina abakwaSaluki njengezinja zokuzingela, kuthi lapho bebuyela ekhaya, bazithathe. Ekuqaleni, uSaluki noSlugi babebizwa nge-‘Slughis ’ngesiNgisi, yize babengavamisile ukuwela bodwa.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kube ngu-1895 bebengathandwa. Ngalowo nyaka, uFlorence Amherst wabona okokuqala lezi zinja ku-Nile cruise futhi wanquma ukuba nezimbili.
Wabaletha bevela eGibhithe baya eNgilandi futhi wakha inkulisa. Eminyakeni eyishumi eyalandela wasebenza kanzima ukukhulisa lolu hlobo nokuzithuthukisa.
Akayena kuphela umfuyi wokuqala kodwa futhi ungumqambi wezinga lokuqala lokuzala, elanyatheliswa ngo-1907. Wathatha njengesisekelo indinganiso yezinye izinhlobo esezivele zamukelwa yi-English Kennel Club: i-Irish Wolfhound, i-Whippet ne-Scottish Deerhound. Isikhathi eside wabona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lweSaluki, ngakho-ke izinga lalibhalelwa yona.
Ukuthandwa kokuqala kohlobo kuza ngo-1920. Amasosha aseBrithani aya eGibhithe ukuyocindezela lo mbhikisho futhi alethe izinja nazo. UMajor General Frederick Lance wayengomunye walabo bantu.
Yena nomkakhe uGladys babengabazingeli abanentshisekelo futhi babuya eMiddle East benamaSalukis amabili aseSyria, abawasebenzisela ukuzingela.
Lezi zinja kwakungezemigqa yasenyakatho eyayihlala ezindaweni ezibandayo, zezintaba zase-Iraq, Iran naseSyria. Ngakho-ke, babehluka ngokubukeka, babeyizinwele, nezinwele ezinde.
U-Lance no-Amher bafaka isicelo kwiKennel Club ukuze kutholwe uhlobo lokuzalwa. Futhi kwahlonishwa ngo-1922, lapho ithuna likaTutankhomon litholakala futhi yonke into yaseGibhithe yathandwa kakhulu. Ngo-1923, iSaluki noma iGazelle Hound Club yasungulwa futhi izinja zaqala ukungeniswa ezweni lazo.
Maphakathi nawo-1930, imfashini yaseGibhithe yayifa, futhi inentshisekelo kuSaluki. IMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba iyayiqeda, izinja ezimbalwa zihlala eNgilandi. Ngemuva kwempi, isibalo sabantu siyabuyiselwa sisebenzisa lezi zinja futhi singenisa eMpumalanga. Noma kunjalo, ayikho ngaphansi kokusongelwa, njengoba ithandwa kakhulu ekhaya.
Emazweni amaningi amaSulumane, iSaluki iyizinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezinja, kepha eNtshonalanga naseRussia kuyaqabukela kakhulu.
Incazelo
ISaluki ibukeka kahle futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ngezindlela eziningi ifana negreyhound enebhantshi eliwugqinsi. Bebelokhu bezele izinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi ukubukeka kwabo konke kukhuluma lukhulu. Zinde, zincane ngasikhathi sinye.
Lapho ibuna zifinyelela ku-58-71 cm, ama-bitches mancane. Isisindo sabo singama-18-27 kg. Zincane kangangokuba izimbambo ziyabonakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Imvamisa abantu bacabanga ukuthi inja ihlushwa ukungondleki uma lokhu kungukubukeka kwayo okujwayelekile.
Lokhu okungeziwe kuvumela iSaluki ukuba isheshe, ngoba amakhilogremu athe xaxa athinta kakhulu ijubane, angakwazi ukugijima ngejubane elicishe libe ngama-70 km / h.
Uhlobo lunomlomo ocacile, omude kakhulu futhi omncane. Amehlo makhulu, amile okweqanda, ansundu noma abe-hazel. Isisho sesifonyo sinesisa futhi sinothando, ingqondo ikhanya emehlweni. Izindlebe zinde kakhulu kunamanye ama-greyhound, zilenga phansi.
Zibushelelezi futhi “zinezimpaphe”. Uhlobo lwesibili luvame kakhulu kunezinwele ezibushelelezi, ezithombeni ezivela embukisweni ungazibona kuphela. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zinezinwele ezinde ezindlebeni, kepha izinhlobonhlobo zezinwele ezinde zinengubo ende, kanti futhi zinezimpaphe emsileni nasemuva kwemilenze.
Zingaba yimuphi umbala ngaphandle kwe-brindle ne-albino. Okuvame kakhulu yilezi: mhlophe, mpunga, imbabala, obomvu, omnyama no-tan, piebald.
Uhlamvu
Uhlobo oluzimele olunomlingiswa walo ovame ukubizwa ngalo njengesihlahla. Bayamthanda umnikazi, kepha uma ufuna inja enamathiselwe ngendlela emangalisayo, i-beagle noma i-spaniel ingcono. USaluki uthanda umuntu oyedwa futhi unamathele kuye kuphela.
Basola abantu abangabazi nezinja ezingazange zihlangane bavame ukwesaba nabo. Kodwa-ke, azinolaka futhi azifanele neze indima yenja yokubuka.
Ziyabekezelela izingane, uma zingazishushisi futhi zingazilimazi, kepha azizithandi ngempela. Iningi lamaSaluki alikuthandi ukudlala nhlobo, ngaphandle kokuthi mhlawumbe ngoqwembe.
Zizwela kakhulu ukuthintwa, kepha ezinye zivame ukusabela ngokwesaba. Abathandi umsindo nokukhala, uma unamahlazo ahlala njalo emndenini wakho, khona-ke kuzoba nzima kubo.
AbakwaSaluki bazingele amaphakethe izinkulungwane zeminyaka, futhi bangakubekezelela ukutholakala kwezinye izinja kalula, kungavamisile ukukhombisa ubudlova. IDominance nayo ayaziwa kubo, noma kungezona izinja ezi-swagger futhi abahlushwa ukungabi khona kwezinye izinja.
Lo ngumzingeli okungaphezulu kokugcwele ngokuphelele. AbakwaSaluki bazoshayela cishe noma yisiphi isilwane esincane kunaso, futhi kwesinye isikhathi sibe sikhulu kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinhlanga ezazinamandla esimo sokuzingela nawo.
Akufanele uzigcine zihlangene nezilwane ezincane, yize ukuqeqeshwa kunganciphisa umzwelo wemvelo, kepha hhayi ukukuhlula.
Uma ibona ingwejeje, izomsukela ngejubane eligcwele. Futhi angabamba cishe noma yisiphi isilwane, amhlasele ambulale.
Bangakwazi ukufundiswa amakati, kepha udinga ukuqala ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma uSaluki ephethe ikati elifuywayo, khona-ke lo mthetho awusebenzi ekatini likamakhelwane.
Akulula ukuqeqesha, bathanda inkululeko futhi banenkani. Abathandi ukutshelwa ukuthi benzeni, baqondiswa izifiso zabo. Udinga ukubaqeqesha kuphela ngothando nangokuzijabulisa, ungalokothi usebenzise amandla noma ukumemeza.
Ukuqeqesha uSaluki kuzothatha isikhathi eside kunokuqeqesha olunye uhlobo futhi akulungele ukulalelwa.
Ngenxa yokuthambekela kokujaha izilwane nokuzwa ngokukhetha ngemiyalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhulule kuleash kuphela ezindaweni ezingenabo ubala. Ngisho noSaluki oqeqeshwe kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi ukhetha ukujaha inyamazane, angayinaki imiyalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zishesha ukwedlula indoda eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ngeke zisebenze ukuzithola. Uma behlala egcekeni, khona-ke uthango kufanele lube phezulu, njengoba begxuma kahle.
Ekhaya, bazolile futhi banethezekile; bakhetha ukulala hhayi kumugqa, kepha kusofa. Kepha ngaphandle kwekhaya, badinga umsebenzi nenkululeko ukuze bakwazi ukugijima badedele intukuthelo. Ukuhamba nsuku zonke kuyadingeka.
Ngezinye izikhathi ziyakhonkotha, kepha ngokuvamile ziyathula. Kodwa-ke, noma iyiphi inja ikhonkotha ngenxa yesithukuthezi noma isithukuthezi, kungenxa yokuthi abakwaSaluki abathinteki kakhulu kubo. Kungaba okhethwayo ngokudla futhi abanikazi kufanele basebenzise ubuqili ukwanelisa inja.
Ukunakekela
Ukuxubha okulula, okujwayelekile kwanele. Lezi yizinja ezihlanzekile, lapho kungekho khona iphunga. Ziphinde zachithe okuncane, kuzenze zilungele labo abangabuthandi uboya phansi.
Ukunakwa kufanele kunakwe ezindlebeni ze-saluki, ngoba ukwakheka kwabo kunomthelela ekungeneni kwamanzi nokungcola. Lokhu kuholela ekuvukeleni nasekutheleleni.
Ezempilo
Uhlobo oluqinile olunempilo yesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-12-15, okuyizinja eziningi zalolu sayizi. Lezi zinja zidlule ekukhetheni kwemvelo okungekho olunye uhlobo olwedlule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zazingakaze zithandwa kakhulu, zazingazalelwanga imali. Ngisho ne-hip dysplasia ayijwayelekile kakhulu kuzo kunezinye izinja ezinkulu.
