I-Pug (i-English Pug, i-Dutch. Mops) iwuhlobo lwezinja ezihlobisa, izwe lazo okuyiChina, kepha zathola ukuthandwa e-UK nase-Netherlands. Yize ama-pugs ehlushwa yizifo (ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sogebhezi) futhi kuyabiza kakhulu ukuwunakekela, angenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izifushaniso
- Bathanda izingane futhi bathola kalula ulimi olufanayo noluqala ukufika.
- Bazokwenza ukumamatheka izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
- Akunabudlova.
- Abadingi ukuhamba amabanga amade, bakhetha ukulala kusofa. Futhi yebo, bayezwana kalula ngisho nasendlini encane.
- Ababekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi, umswakama ophezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inja ayitholi i-heatstroke. Azikwazi ukugcinwa edokodweni noma ezindizeni.
- Naphezu kwengubo yabo emfushane, bachitha kakhulu.
- Bayabubula, bahoxe, bagigitheke.
- Ngenxa yokwakheka kwamehlo, bavame ukuhlupheka futhi bangase bangaboni.
- Uma benikezwa ithuba, bazodla baze bawe. Khuluphele kalula, okuholela ezinkingeni zempilo.
- Le yinja ehambisana nayo ezokulandela endlini, uhlale ethangeni lakho, ulale nawe embhedeni.
Umlando wozalo
Kakhulu kunenkungu. Lezi zinja sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nomphakathi ophakeme waseNetherlands naseNgilandi, kepha zivela eChina. Phambilini, bekuze kuthiwe baphuma kwi-English Bulldog, kepha kunobufakazi obuqinile bokuba khona kohlobo eChina isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba abaseYurophu beze lapho.
I-pug ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zasendulo, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni babegcinwa njengezinja ezihamba nabo emakamelweni ombuso waseChina. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalezi zinja kusukela ku-400 BC, kubizwa ngokuthi "Lo Chiang Tse" noma Fu.
UConfucius uchaza izinja ngomlomo omfishane emibhalweni yakhe yango-551 no-479 BC. Ubachaza njengabangane ababehamba nabaphathi babo ngezinqola. Umbusi wokuqala waseChina, uQin Shi Huang, wacekela phansi imibhalo eminingi yomlando ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe.
Kubandakanya labo ababalule umlando wohlobo. Kakhulu ngenxa yalokhu, asazi ukuthi bavele kanjani.
Akungabazeki ukuthi lezi zinja ziyizihlobo eziseduze namaPekingese, ezifanayo kakhulu. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni ama-Chinese pred pugs, abese ewela ngezinja ezinezinwele ezinde zaseTibet, ngokwesibonelo, neLhaso Apso.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva lwezakhi zofuzo lubonisa ukuthi iPekingese indala futhi yehla ngqo ezinjeni zaseTibetan. Uhlobo lwesimanje lovelaphi lohlobo: uhlobo lwatholakala ngokukhetha iPekingese enezinwele ezimfishane noma ngokuwela ngezinhlobo ezimfishane.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi zavela nini futhi kanjani, abantu abafayo babengenakuba nalezi zinja. Abantu begazi elihle nezindela kuphela ababengabasekela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igama lohlobo lancishiswa kusuka ku "Lo Chiang Jie" omude kuya ku- "Lo Jie" olula.
Izinja zavela eChina zaya eTibet, lapho zathandeka khona phakathi kwezindela zezindela zezintaba. E-China uqobo, bahlala bezintandokazi zomndeni wobukhosi. Ngakho-ke, u-Emperor Ling To, owabusa kusukela ngo-168 kuya ku-190 BC, walinganisa ukubaluleka kwabafazi bakhe. Wabeka onogada abahlomile futhi wabaphakela inyama ekhethiwe nelayisi.
Isijeziso sokweba inja enjalo ukufa kuphela. Eminyakeni eyinkulungwane kamuva, ngemuva kwakhe, kwakuvamile ukuthi umbusi angene embukisweni, futhi bahamba balandela amabhubesi, isilwane esihlonishwa kakhulu eChina.
Kukholakala ukuthi owaseYurophu wokuqala ojwayele lolu hlobo kwakunguMarco Polo, futhi wababona komunye wale mibhikisho.
Ngenkathi yokutholwa okukhulu kwezindawo, amatilosi aseYurophu aqala ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke. Ngekhulu le-15, abathengisi abangamaPutukezi nabaseDashi baqala ukuhweba neChina.
Omunye wabo uthola uLuo Jie, ambiza, ngendlela yakhe, i-pug. Uyiletha ekhaya eHolland, lapho uhlobo luphinde lube ngumngane wezicukuthwane, kepha manje selunguYurophu.
Ziba yizinja ezizithandayo ze-Orange Dynasty. Ngo-1572, inja yesilisa egama layo linguPompey iphakamisa i-alamu lapho umuntu ohlasela kakhulu ezama ukubulala inkosi yakhe, uWilliam I wase-Orange. Ngenxa yalokhu, lolu hlobo lwenziwa uhlobo olusemthethweni lwamakhosi akwa-Oran.
Ngo-1688, uWillem I waletha lezi zinja eNgilandi, lapho zathola ukuthandwa okwakungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, kodwa zashintsha igama lazo ukusuka kumaDutch Mops aya esiNgisini i-Pug.
Kwakungabantu baseBrithani abakhaphela uhlobo lohlobo esazi ngalo namuhla futhi balusabalalisa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Lezi zinja zazigcinwa yimindeni yasebukhosini yaseSpain, e-Italy, eFrance. Baboniswa emidwebo ngabadwebi, kufaka phakathi uGoya.
Ngo-1700, ingenye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwezikhulu zaseYurophu, yize eNgilandi isivele iqala ukuvumela iToy Spaniels neGreyhounds yase-Italiya. INdlovukazi uVictoria yaseNgilandi yathanda futhi yaveza ama-pug, aholela ekusungulweni kweKennel Club ngo-1873.
Kuze kube ngo-1860, izinja zazizinde, zizacile futhi zinempumulo ende, njenge-American Bulldogs encane. Ngo-1860, amabutho aseFrance nawaseBrithani athatha iDolobha Elingavunyelwe.
Bakhiphe inqwaba yezindebe kuyo, kufaka phakathi iPekingese nePugs, eyayinemilenze emifushane nezifinyela kunaleyo yaseYurophu. Zaziwelelene, kuze kube yileso sikhathi zazicishe zibe mnyama kuphela noma zibe bomvu futhi zibe mnyama. Ngo-1866, ama-pugs amnyama afakwa eYurophu futhi aduma kakhulu.
Bagcinwa njengabangane iminyaka engu-2 500. Cishe bonke bayizinja ezihamba nabo noma inja yokubonisa. Ezinye ziyaphumelela ekugijimeni nasekulaleleni, kepha izinhlobo zezemidlalo eziningi ziyazidlula.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, azithinteki iziqongo zokuthandwa futhi inani labantu lizinzile, libanzi futhi lisabalele. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2018, lolu hlobo lwaluhlala endaweni yama-24 enanini lezinja ezibhaliswe e-United States.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, bebevame ukuwela nezinye izinhlobo ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha, zokuhlobisa izinja. Ngakho-ke kusukela ekuweleni i-pug ne-beag, i-puggle, i-hybrid yalezi zinhlobo, yazalwa.
Incazelo yohlobo
Ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okumangazayo nokunakwa ngabezindaba, zingenye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu. Ngisho nabantu abangenasithakazelo ezinjeni bayakwazi ukuyibona le nja.
Lolu uhlobo lokuhlobisa, okusho ukuthi lincane ngosayizi. Yize indinganiso yokuzalanisa ingabuchazi ubude obufanele obubunile, imvamisa iphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-28 kuya kwangama-32.
Isisindo esikahle singu-6-8 kg, kepha uma kwenzekile bangaba nesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Ziyizinja ezihlanganisiwe, kepha azikho kulezi ezingaphathwa esikhwameni semali. Zakhiwe ngokuqinile, zinzima futhi zinesitoko.
Ngezinye izikhathi babizwa ngethangi elincane ngenxa yomzimba wabo oyisikwele. Umsila mfushane, ugoqene waba yiringi futhi ucindezelwe kancane emzimbeni.
Izinja zinekhanda lesici nesakhiwo se-muzzle. Isifonyo ngumfanekiso ophelele wogebhezi lwe-brachycephalic. Ikhanda lisentanyeni emfushane kangangoba kubukeka sengathi alikho nhlobo.
Isifonyo sishwabene, siyindilinga kakhulu, sifushane. Mhlawumbe i-pug inesifonyo esifushane kunazo zonke izinhlobo. Kubuye futhi kubanzi kakhulu. Cishe zonke izinja zine-undershot encane, kepha kwezinye zingabonakala.
Amehlo makhulu kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi aphuma kakhulu, okubhekwa njengephutha. Kufanele zibe mnyama ngombala.
Izindlebe zincane futhi zizacile, zibekwe phezulu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwakhiwa kwezindlebe.I-Roses yizindlebe ezincane ezigoqwe phezu kwekhanda, ezibekiwe emuva ukuze ingxenye yangaphakathi ivuleke. "Izinkinobho" - ezibekwe phambili, imiphetho icindezelwe ugebhezi, uvale izimbobo zangaphakathi.
Ijazi le-pug lihle, libushelelezi, lithambile futhi liyacwebezela. Bubude obufanayo emzimbeni wonke, kepha bungaba bufushane kancane embotsheni nasekhanda futhi bube bude kancane emsileni.
Iningi liyi-fawn ephuzi enezimpawu ezimnyama. Lawa mamaki abonakala ngokusobala futhi kufanele aqhathanise ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-pugs anemibala ekhanyayo kufanele abe nesifihla esimnyama ezindlebeni zomlomo nezimnyama, umugqa omnyama (ibhande) wamukelekile, ugijima kusuka ku-occiput kuye ezansi komsila.
Ngaphezu kombala ophuzi ophuzi, kukhona nesiliva nokumnyama. Njengoba i-pug emnyama ingajwayelekile kakhulu, intengo yemidlwane enjalo iphakeme kakhulu.
Uhlamvu
Uma sicabangela umlingiswa, kuzodingeka uhlukanise izinja ngezigaba ezimbili. Izinja ezikhuliswe ngabalimi abanolwazi nabanomthwalo wemfanelo nezinja ezifuyelwe imali.
Ezokuqala ezimeni eziningi zizinzile, ezokugcina zingahluka kakhulu komunye nomunye. Eziningi zalezi zinja zinolaka, ziyesaba, azisebenzi kahle.
Kodwa-ke, noma nazo, lezi zinkinga azivezwanga njengezinye izinja zokuhlobisa.
Uma ufunda umlando wohlobo, kuyacaca kuwo ukuthi uyinja ehambisanayo kusukela esihlokweni sekhala kuze kufike esihlokweni somsila. Badinga into eyodwa kuphela - ukuba nemindeni yabo. Ziyizinja ezizolile, ezihlekisayo, ezinenhliziyo encane futhi ezihlekisayo. I-pug idinga ukwazi ngakho konke okwenzeka ngakuye futhi ibambe iqhaza kukho konke. Kuyinja enobungane futhi ephathekayo kunazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Bathanda abantu futhi bafuna ukuba nabo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zasendlini, ezingathembi abantu ongabazi, uyajabula ukuhlangana nokudlala nanoma yimuphi umuntu.
Futhi uma emuphatha, uzoba umngane omkhulu wokuphila konke. Banedumela lokuhlalisana kahle nezingane.
Le nja inamandla impela futhi iyabekezela, iyakwazi ukubekezelela ubunzima bemidlalo yezingane, kepha inendawo ebuthakathaka - amehlo.
Uma okuphezulu ongakulindela kwezinye izinja zokuhlobisa kungukuthi isimo sokubekezela ezinganeni, khona-ke iningi lezingane liyazithanda, ngokuvamile liba abangane abakhulu kuzo. Ngasikhathi sinye, unobungane ezinganeni ezingajwayelekile njengoba enza kubantu abadala abangajwayele.
Ngaphandle kokuthi kukhona inkani ethile ezinhlamvini zabo, banganconywa kubaqalayo nabafuyi bezinja abangenalwazi.
Udinga nje ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kanye nomphakathi kubalulekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kepha alikho inani loqeqesho elizosiza uma udinga inja yokuqapha. I-pug ingancamela ukukhotha umuntu engingamazi ukufa kunokumluma.
Banobungane nezinye izilwane, ikakhulukazi izinja. Lolu hlobo alunamandla okubusa noma ukuhlukumeza ezinye izinja. Bathanda ikakhulukazi inkampani yohlobo lwabo, ngakho-ke noma imuphi umnikazi kungekudala uzocabanga ngesilwane sesibili noma sesithathu.
Akuthandeki ukuzigcina nezinja ezinkulu, ngoba zingalimaza amehlo enja ngisho nangesikhathi sokudlala okungenacala. Iningi liba ngumngani wamakati nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, kepha khumbula ukuthi wonke umuntu unobuntu obuhlukile.
Ngaphandle kokuthi bayabathanda abantu futhi basheshe ukwenza izinto, ukuqeqesha i-pug akuyona into elula. Uma uke waba noMalusi waseJalimane noma iGolden Retriever ngaphambi kwalokho uzophoxeka.
Yizinja ezinenkani, noma kungenjalo zinenkani njengama-terriers noma ama-greyhound. Inkinga akukhona ukuthi ufuna ukwenza ibhizinisi lakhe, kodwa ukuthi akafuni ukwenza elakho. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukumqeqesha, kuthatha isikhathi nemali eningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayazwela kuthoni nevolumu yezwi, ngakho-ke ukuba luhlaza ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kuyakhishwa.
Phatha ukugqugquzela kusebenza kahle kakhulu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi i-pug ithatha isinqumo sokuthi ukwelashwa akukufanele umzamo. Kepha ukuhlangana naye kulula kakhulu, kanye nokufundisa imikhuba emihle.
Uma ufuna inja ehambisanayo ezoziphatha kahle ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okuningi, kepha engeke ilandele imiyalo enzima, khona-ke lolu uhlobo lwakho. Uma ufuna inja ezodlala emdlalweni we-canine, njengokushesha, kungcono ukubheka olunye uhlobo. Okunye ukuhlanganiswa kwalolu hlobo ukuthi kulula ukuziqeqeshela indlu yangasese. Futhi akuyona yonke inja yokuhlobisa yasendlini enale nzuzo.
Njengezinja eziningi ezinokhakhayi lwe-brachycephalic, i-pug ayinamandla. Kulula ukwanelisa ukuhamba okulula, ukudlala ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngesikhathi semidlalo, uyakhathala ngokushesha futhi akufanele ihlale ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-15.
Awukwazi ukumbiza nge-sloth, kepha izinja eziningi ezivuthiwe zikhetha ukulala kunokuhamba. Ngenxa yalokhu, zilungele imindeni enezindlela zokuphila ezingasebenzi kangako.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazivumelanisa kalula nempilo edolobheni futhi abadingi ukusebenza njalo ukuze bahlale besesimweni esihle ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Ama-Pugs awanazo izinkinga ezifanayo nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Awavamile ukukhonkotha futhi nomakhelwane abakhalazi ngawo. Mancane amathuba okuthi baphathwe yisifo sezinja ezincane, lapho abanikazi bengafaki isiyalo esilwaneni sabo futhi bavumele konke. Ekugcineni uqala ukuzibheka njengesikhungo sendawo yonke.
Kepha kukhona nokubi kuzo zonke izinzuzo. Yize i-pug ingavamile ukukhonkotha, akuyona inja ethule. Zishosholoza, zixokozele futhi zishaye cishe njalo, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ushayela.
Futhi kungenye yezinkonkoni ezinomsindo kakhulu kunoma iyiphi inja. Uzozwa ukuhoshozela sonke isikhathi lapho esekhaya. Yebo, cishe yonke into. Futhi abanye abaningi bacasulwa ukufutheka kwabo, amagesi abalekayo ngenxa yezakhiwo zenja.
Imvamisa namandla abo kungadida abantu futhi ngenja encane kangako inobuthi obukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi igumbi kufanele lingeniswe umoya ngemvamisa efiselekayo.
Kodwa-ke, le nkinga ingancishiswa ngokuphawulekayo ngokumane ushintshele kokuphakelayo kwekhwalithi futhi ungeze i-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza.
Ukunakekela
Zincane, lezi zinja azidingi zinsizakalo ezikhethekile, ukuxubha nje njalo. Ama-pugs achitha futhi achitha kakhulu, yize ijazi lawo elifushane. Zimbalwa izinja zokuhlobisa ezikhona ezi-molt kakhulu njengoba zenza.
Futhi bane-moult yonyaka kabili ngonyaka, phakathi nesikhathi lapho uvolo uzomboza iningi lendlu yakho.
Kodwa okudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngumlomo. Yonke amafolda nemibimbi ekuyo kufanele ihlanzwe njalo nangendlela efanele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amanzi, ukudla, ukungcola kunqwabelana kuzo futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala.
Ezempilo
Ngeshwa, lezi zinja zibhekwa njengezinhlobo zezempilo ezingezinhle. Iningi lochwepheshe lithi impilo yinkinga enkulu kokuqukethwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zalezi zinkinga zibangelwa izici zesakhiwo sogebhezi.
Njengezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, ama-pugs aphila isikhathi eside, kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12-15. Kodwa-ke, le minyaka ivame ukugcwala ukungakhululeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwase-UK lwempilo yalezi zinja luphethe ngokuthi sekuyiminyaka eyi-10.
Lokhu kungumphumela weqiniso lokuthi inzalo yenombolo encane kakhulu, ethunyelwa esuka eChina, ihlala lapho.
Isakhiwo se-brachycephalic sogebhezi sakha inani elikhulu lezinkinga zokuphefumula. Abanawo umoya owanele wemidlalo esebenzayo, futhi ngesikhathi sokushisa bahlushwa ukushisa ngokweqile futhi bavame ukufa.
Isibonelo, izindiza eziningi zivimbele ama-pug podi ngemuva kokuthi ezinye zazo zibulawe yingcindezi namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlushwa ukungezwani komzimba nokuzwela kumakhemikhali asendlini. Kungcono kakhulu kubanikazi ukuthi bayeke ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza amakhemikhali.
Awabekezeleli amazinga okushisa adlulele kahle kakhulu! Banengubo emfushane engavikeli emakhazeni futhi kufanele igqokwe ngokwengeziwe ebusika. Yoma masisha ngemuva kokugeza ukuze ugweme ukuqhaqhazela.
Kodwa okubi kakhulu, bayakubekezelela ukushisa. Kwafa inamba enkulu yezinja ngenxa yokuthi abanikazi bayo babengazi ngalezi zici. Umlomo wabo omfushane awuzivumeli ukuba zipholile ngokwanele, okuholela ekushayweni yisifo sokushisa noma ngabe kunyuke kancane izinga lokushisa komzimba. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba elijwayelekile le-pug liphakathi kuka-38 ° C no-39 C.
Uma ikhuphukela ku-41 ° C, lapho-ke isidingo somoya-mpilo siyanda kakhulu, ukuphefumula kuyashesha.Uma ifinyelela ku-42 ° C, izitho zangaphakathi zingaqala ukwehluleka nenja ife. Uma kushisa, inja kufanele ihanjiswe kancane, ingalayishwa emzimbeni, igcinwe egumbini elinomoya opholile.
Baphethwe yi-Pug Encephalitis, noma i-Pug Dog Encephalitis, ngesiNgisi, ethinta izinja eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha neminyaka engu-7 futhi iyabulala. Odokotela bezilwane namanje abazazi izizathu zokuthuthukisa lesi sifo, kukholakala ukuthi sinofuzo.
Amehlo enja nawo abucayi kakhulu. Inani elikhulu lezinja selingaboni ngenxa yokulimala ngengozi, futhi nazo zihlushwa izifo zamehlo. Kaningi ziba yimpumputhe kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo.
Kepha inkinga ejwayelekile ukukhuluphala. Lezi zinja azisebenzi kakhulu, futhi azikwazi ukuzivocavoca ngokwanele ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphefumula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuncibilikisa noma iyiphi inhliziyo ngama-antics abo, uma udinga ukucela ukudla.
Futhi badla kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kwesilinganiso. Ukukhuluphala akubulali kukodwa, kepha kukhulisa kakhulu ezinye izinkinga zempilo.
