Umsebenzi oyinhloko womhlaba ukuzala. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimbali zikhula kuwo, ngoba ukondleka, isidingo somoya nomswakama sanelisekile, futhi kunikezwa impilo ejwayelekile. Ukuzala kuvela lapho izingxenye ezithile zenhlabathi zihlangana.
Izakhi zenhlabathi
- amanzi;
- humus;
- isihlabathi;
- usawoti we-potassium;
- ubumba;
- i-nitrogen;
- i-phosphorus.
Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, inzalo yomhlaba ingalinganiselwa. Lokhu futhi kunquma uhlobo lomhlabathi. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi ezizala kakhulu, ngakho-ke ezinye izinhlobo zenani elikhulu kunezinye, isibonelo inhlabathi emnyama. Ngokuya ngokuthi inhlabathi ivundile kangakanani, abantu bahlala khona kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Mhlawumbe ubukhona besiziba esiseduze nomhlaba ovundile kwakuyizimo eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlala kwabantu.
Okuthinta ukuzala komhlaba
Umhlabathi uhlelo olungamanga olukhula ngokomthetho wawo. Inkinga futhi ilele ekutheni umhlaba usuphele ngokushesha, kepha uyabuyiselwa futhi wakheke kancane. Amamilimitha ama-2 enhlabathi avela ngonyaka, ngakho-ke ingumthombo wemvelo obaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukuzala, kuyadingeka ukwenza lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:
- inikeza isilinganiso samanzi esifanele (asiholeli ekomeni, kepha futhi ayigcwalisi inhlabathi);
- ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo komanyolo kanye ne-agrochemistry;
- uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa uhlelo lokunisela;
- lawula ukuhwamuka komswakama;
- ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwe-sodium nosawoti abahlukahlukene.
Ukufaka konke lokhu kusebenza kwezolimo nakwezinye izindawo ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa komhlaba, kuzokwazi ukugcina ukuvunda kwenhlabathi. Kunconywa nokuthi kushintshwe izitshalo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Kanye njalo eminyakeni embalwa (iminyaka engu-3-4) udinga ukunikeza umhlabathi "ukuphumula". Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokwesibonelo, ungayihlwanyela ngamakhambi wonyaka nezitshalo zokwelapha.
Ukuzala kuthinteka ukungcola. Uma kunokwenzeka, yonke imithombo yokungcola engaba khona kufanele ikhishwe. Lapho insimu iseduze kwendalo yasendle, ukuzala kusezingeni eliphakeme. Izinkambu ezisemadolobheni naseziseduze kwazo, eduze kwamabhizinisi ezimboni, imigwaqo emikhulu ilahlekelwa ukuzala kwayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuzala yikhono lomhlaba lokunika izitshalo impilo. Isetshenziswa isintu ukulima. Umhlaba awukwazi ukuxhashazwa kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuzala kuzokwehla, noma kushabalale ngokuphelele.
