Umhlaba wemvelo ucebile kuwo womabili amaphethini nezimfumbe. Umuntu nje ovamile okhohlwe inkambo yesikole yejografi ne-zoology, umbuzo wokuntela: kungani amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo engawadli amaphengwini, - kungadida. Umzingeli akakwazi yini ukubamba inyamazane? Izinyoni ezingathandeki?
Abathandi bezilwane abasebancane, abakhuliswe ngabalingiswa bekhathuni namavidiyo kwi-Intanethi, lapho amaqhawe ngesimo sezilwane ecula, edansa, edlala, ecabanga ngokunganaki ukuthi amabhere awadli ama-penguin, ngoba angabangani. Ungamudla kanjani umngani?
Kubonakala sengathi kuningi okwaziwayo ngezakhamuzi ezidumile zezindawo zezulu ezinzima. Impicabadala yokuthi kungani amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo engawadli amaphengwini okuphawulekayo ngoba ungakhumbula izici zomlingiswa nendawo yokuhlala yesilwane ngasinye. Kubafanele.
Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa
Ulwandle (polar) bear ngomunye wabamele abakhulu bezilwane ezincelisayo emhlabeni, okwesibili ngosayizi wendlovu phakathi kwabahlali bomhlaba nomkhomo emhlabeni ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ubude bomzingeli cishe ngamamitha amathathu, ukuphakama kungu-130-150 cm, isisindo sifinyelela ku-1 ton.
Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi imininingwane ethokozisayo - isikhumba sebhere elimhlophe sidwetshiwe ngomnyama. Lokhu kusiza ukufudumala elangeni kusithwathwa esibabayo. Ijazi loboya alinayo i-pigment, kwesinye isikhathi liphenduka liphuzi ekukhanyeni okukhazimulayo.
Ukwakheka kwezinwele zoboya bokuthi zidlulisa kuphela imisebe ye-ultraviolet, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze izimfanelo ezishisayo zoboya. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ibhere lingashintsha libe luhlaza okwezilwane ngesikhathi sokushisa - ulwelwe oluncane luvela ngaphakathi kwezinwele zoboya.
Ibhere le-polar lihlala ezifundeni ezibandayo, ezingxenyeni zezingwadule ze-arctic, ezifundeni ze-tundra kuphela enyakatho yezwe yoMhlaba.
Izimpawu ezivaliwe, ama-walrus, izimpawu, izimpawu zezintshevu nezinye izilwane ziba yisisulu somzingeli onamandla. Ibhere lizingela yonke indawo: emathafeni aneqhwa, emanzini, eqhweni lolwandle olukhukhulekayo. Ubungqabavu, amandla nobungqabavu bamvumela nokuba adobe, yize kungaphumeleli ekudleni kwakhe.
Uyakhetha ekudleni: ukhetha isikhumba namafutha ezilwaneni ezinkulu, okusele - kokondla izinyoni kanye nabahlambalazi. Idla amajikijolo, ubulembu, amaqanda nezithombo.
Ezimweni zesimo sezulu esishintshile, kungaba nzima ukuthi ibhere lithole "izibiliboco", bese kuvela izilwane ezisemhlabeni ekudleni - izinyamazane, amahansi, ulamula. Izindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye nodoti nakho kungadonsela amabhere lapho elambile kakhulu.
Ukufuduka kwesizini kuncike emingceleni yeqhwa elisendaweni etshekile - ebusika, izilwane ezidla ezinye zingena ezweni, kuthi ehlobo zihlehlele esigxotsheni. E-Arctic, ungqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ukushuba kwawo kungu-10-12 cm, kusindisa ibhere kusuka emakhazeni amakhulu nemimoya ebandayo.Iqhwa lasePoland nezikhukhula zeqhwa ziyizinto zazo zomdabu, naphezu kwezinga lokushisa elijwayelekile elingu-34 ° C.
I-Arctic ne-Antarctic, i-Antarctica
Imvamisa, izingane zesikole nabantu abadala ngokufanayo bayazidida lezi zindawo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi igama elithi Arctic, elihunyushwe ngokwezwi nezwi ukusuka esiGrekini, lisho "ibhere". Imfihlo ilele endaweni yensimu ngaphansi kwezinkanyezi i-Ursa Major ne-Ursa Minor, okuyizimpawu eziyinhloko zeNorth Pole Star. I-Arctic ihlanganisa ugu loLwandle i-Arctic neziqhingi, ingxenye ye-Asia, iMelika neYurophu. Izwe lebhere lisondele esigxotsheni esisenyakatho.
I-Antarctica ngokwezwi nezwi isho ukuthi "okuphambene ne-Arctic". Le yinsimu enkulu yesifunda esiseningizimu ne-polar, kufaka phakathi nezwekazi i-Antarctica, izindawo ezisogwini ezineziqhingi zezilwandle ezintathu: iPacific, i-Atlantic, i-India. Izimo zezulu ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-Antarctic zinzima kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi ngu-49 ° С.
Uma sicabanga ukuthi amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo ayezohamba aye kwesinye isigxobo seplanethi, lapho-ke isiphetho sabo sasingeke sithandeke. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukusinda emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngokwedlulele, lapho ukuzingelwa okuyintandokazi kwamabhele asezindaweni eziseduze nomgodi weqhwa kungafakwanga khona. Ubukhulu beqhwa e-Antarctica ngamakhulu amamitha, e-Arctic - cishe imitha elilodwa kuphela.
Izilwane zaseNingizimu Pole azivumelanisiwe nendawo enesilwane esikhulu esidla ezinye. Izinhlobo eziningi bezingabhujiswa ngokuphelele. Phakathi kwabokuqala abanesiphetho esinjalo kungaba ngama-penguin ahlala ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-Antarctic.
Ukwehlukahluka komhlaba wezilwane eSouth Pole kunothile kunasezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Kuvinjelwe ukuzingela, ukudoba kanye nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wezomnotho lapha.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-Antarctica akuyona eyanoma isiphi isifundazwe, ngokungafani ne-Arctic, ehlukaniswe phakathi kweNorway, iDenmark, i-United States, iCanada neRussia. Kungabhekwa ukuthi iSouth Pole "ingumbuso" wama-penguin, ukwehluka kwawo okumelwe ngokuphelele.
Amaphengwini
Indawo yokuhlala yezinyoni ezingakwazi ukundiza ugu lwase-Antarctica, indawo eseningizimu kakhulu yoMhlaba, enamaqhwa amakhulu, iziqhingi. Izidalwa ezithandekayo zemvelo zibhukuda kahle, umbono uba bukhali ngaphansi kwamanzi kunasemhlabeni, futhi amaphiko abonakala ephenduka abe ngamaphiko.
Ngesikhathi sokubhukuda, zizungeza njengezikulufo, ngenxa yamajoyina ehlombe. Ijubane lababhukudi lilinganiselwa ku-10 km / h. Ukushayela ngaphansi kwamanzi amamitha angamakhulu amaningana kuthatha imizuzu eyi-18. Ziyakwazi ukweqa ngaphezulu kobuso njengamahlengethwa. Leli khono kwesinye isikhathi lisindisa izimpilo zabo.
Emhlabathini, ama-penguin ayahamba, ngobunyoninco ahamba esiswini ngemuva kokududulwa ngamaphiko nemilenze - ashibilika ezintabeni zeqhwa.
Izendlalelo ezintathu zezimpaphe ezingangeni manzi negebe lomoya phakathi kwazo zivikela izinyoni emakhazeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba lwamafutha angama-3 cm lusebenza futhi njengesivikelo emakhazeni.
Ukudla kwama-penguin kubuswa izinhlanzi: ama-sardine, ama-anchovies, i-horse mackerel. Isidingo senani elifanele lokudla sibenza bacwile njalo emanzini. Emini, ukubhukuda kokuzingela kwenzeka kusuka ezikhathini ezingama-300 kuye kwezingu-900.
Izinyoni zinezitha ezanele zombili ekujuleni kolwandle nasebusweni beqhwa laphakade. Uma ngaphansi kwamanzi i-penguin ibalekela ngisho noshaka, khona-ke emhlabeni kunzima ukubalekela izimpungushe, izimpungushe, izimpisi nezinye izidalwa.
Izilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye ziphupha ngokudla ama-penguin, kepha azikho amabhere we-polar ohlwini. Ngeke nje bakwazi ukukwenza. Izilwane zihlukaniswa ibanga elikhulu phakathi kwama-hemispheres ahlukahlukene oMhlaba - lokho kungani ibhere elimhlophe lingadli amaphengwini.
Isimo semvelo asibhekani nezinyoni namakhosi anamandla ezingwadule ezineqhwa. Bangabukana kuphela e-zoo, kodwa hhayi ezilwaneni zasendle.
Yini ehlukanisa futhi ilethe amabhere namaphengwini ndawonye
Iqhwa laphakade, izinguzunga zeqhwa, iqhwa, iqhwa elinamandla lezindawo ezibandayo ziyahlangana ezingqondweni zabantu lezo zilwane ezimangalisayo ezikwazi ukuhlala kulo mhlaba omuhle nonokhahlo. Akekho omangele lapho emidwebweni yopopayi, emidwebweni yezincwadi zezingane, amabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme namaphengu ekhonjiswa ndawonye phakathi kwamathafa ambozwe yiqhwa. Bagcina imfudumalo namandla okuphila ezindaweni ezinokuthula nezingapheli.
Akekho owaziyo ukuthi ubudlelwano babo bebuzokhula kanjani ukube bebesendaweni eyodwa. Kepha kuze kube manje, amabhere we-polar abusa kuphela enyakatho ye-hemisphere, nama-penguin, ngokulandelana, ikakhulukazi eningizimu. Yeka ukuthi kuhle kanjani ukuthi amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo awadli amaphengwini!
