I-Red Book iqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane, ezifa kancane kancane ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Lesi sigaba sibandakanya esinye sezilwane ezinkulu ezidla imarsupial ezihlala ezwenikazi lase-Australia, marsupial marten.
Unikwa indawo yesibili ngosayizi ngemuva kukasathane waseTasmania. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ibizwa nangokuthi ikati le-marsupial. I-marten ithole lawa magama ngenxa yokufana kwayo okuningi, kokubili nge-marten nangekati. Babizwa nangokuthi amakati emvelo. I-marsupial marten iyondla inyama, ngakho-ke, ndawonye nempisi kanye noDeveli, kubhekwa njengezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Incazelo nezici ze-marsupial marten
Isilinganiso sobude babantu abadala ezimibalabala marsupial marten kusuka ku-25 kuye ku-75 cm. Umsila wakhe welula omunye u-25-30 cm. Owesilisa uvame ukuba mkhulu kunowesifazane. Kwabesifazane ama-marsupials abonakele kunezingono eziyisithupha nezikhwama zamabele, eziba nkulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ngezinye izikhathi, lawa amafolda abonakala kancane esikhumbeni. Avule abuyele emsileni. Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela i-marsupial marten enamabala isikhwama samazinyane sigcinwa singashintshi unyaka wonke.
Lesi silwane esingajwayelekile sinesifonyo eside esinekhala elibomvana elikhanyayo nezindlebe ezincane. Esithombeni se-marsupial marten uboya bakhe butelekile. Insundu noma imnyama enamabala amhlophe, amafushane.
Ihluka ngokuqina kwabantu nokuthamba ngasikhathi sinye. Esiswini se-marten, ithoni yejazi ilula, imhlophe noma iphuzi ngokukhanyayo. Ijazi elisemsileni liyaphaphatheka kunasemzimbeni. Umbala wobuso besilwane ubuswa amathoni abomvu nawesi-burgundy. Izitho zemarten zincane ngezinzwane ezikhule kahle.
Kuthathwe i-marsupial marten yase-Australia - lolu uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwama-martens. Umzimba wayo ufinyelela ku-75 cm ubude, lapho kufakwa khona ubude bomsila, okuvamise ukuba ngama-35 cm.
Umsila wakhe ubuye usatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo namabala amhlophe. Izifunda ezinamahlathi e-Eastern Australia kanye neTasman Islands yizindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yilesi silwane. Isidlakela esinolaka futhi esinamandla.
Enye yezinto ezincane kunazo zonke kubhekwa njengemarsupial marten enemigqa, ubude bayo, kanye nomsila, obungamasentimitha angama-40 kuphela.Ingatholakala emahlathini asezindaweni eziphansi eNew Guinea, eziqhingini zaseSalavati nase-Aru.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Lesi silwane esithandekayo senza isiphephelo saso emihosheni yemithi ewile, esiyifaka ngotshani obomile namagxolo. Zingasebenza futhi njengesiphephelo nezikhala phakathi kwamatshe, izimbobo ezingenalutho namanye amakhona ashiyiwe abawatholayo.
AmaMarten akhombisa umsebenzi wawo ngezinga elikhulu ebusuku. Emini, bakhetha ukulala ezindaweni eziyimfihlo lapho imisindo engaphandle ingafinyeleli khona. Abakwazi ukuhamba kalula hhayi phansi kuphela, kepha nasezihlahleni. Kukhona amacala ajwayelekile lapho atholakala eduze nemizi yabantu.
I-marsupial marten enomsila omnyama incamela ukuhola indlela yokuphila yodwa. Umuntu ngamunye omdala unensimu yakhe uqobo. Imvamisa indawo yabesilisa iyagqagqana nendawo yezinsikazi. Banendawo yangasese eyodwa.
I-marsupial marten enamachashazi futhi ikhetha impilo yasebusuku kunasemini. Ebusuku, kulula kakhulu ngabo ukuzingela izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni, bafune amaqanda abo futhi badle izinambuzane. Kwesinye isikhathi zidla izilwane eziphonswe ngaphandle kolwandle.
Labo martens abasondela emapulazini bangaklinya izilwane ngokungenasihawu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi bentshontsha inyama, amafutha nokunye ukudla ngqo kusuka ekhishini lendawo.
AmaMartens anokuhamba okunyakazayo futhi aqaphele kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ngokunyakaza okucijile nokushesha kombani. Bancamela kuhamba phansi kunezihlahla. Kepha uma isimo sidinga, bese behamba ngobuhlakani behla benyuka esihlahleni buthule, bengasondeli eduze kwesisulu sabo.
Ngokushisa okwengeziwe, izilwane zizama ukucasha ezindaweni ezipholile eziyimfihlo futhi zilinde isikhathi selanga elishisayo. Amachashazi ama-marsupial marten ayaphila emathafeni anesihlabathi nasezindaweni ezinamagquma e-Australia, eNew Guinea naseTasmania.
Ukudla kwe-marsupial marten
Njengoba sekushiwo, ama-marsupial yizilwane ezidla inyama. Bathanda inyama yezinyoni, izinambuzane, izimbaza, izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane eziphila ezweni. Kubalulekile ukuthi inyamazane yabo ingabi nkulu kakhulu.
Izimbila ezinkulu kanye nonogwaja kungatholakala kuphela kuma-martens amakhulu. Izilwane azinqabi ekuweni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukudla kuqinisa kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane zihluza ukudla kwazo kwansuku zonke ngezithelo ezintsha.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingelwa kwezilwane, ama-marten ngenkani aphishekela inyamazane yawo ayishaye, avale umhlathi entanyeni yesilwane. Akusenakwenzeka ukubalekela kulowo mkhuba.
Imvamisa ubumnandi obuthandwa ama-marsupial izinkukhu ezifuywayo, abazintshontsha emapulazini. Abanye abalimi bayabathethelela le prank, baze babathambise babenze izilwane ezifuywayo.
AmaMartens ahlala ekhaya ajabulele ukuqeda amagundane namagundane. Bavuselela ibhalansi yabo yamanzi ngokudla, ngakho-ke abaphuzi kakhulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokuzalisa ama-marsupial martens sisezinyangeni zikaMeyi-Julayi. Lezi zilwane zizala kanye ngonyaka. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-21. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzalwa izingane ezi-4 kuye kwezi-8, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu.
Kwakunecala elilodwa lapho owesifazane oyedwa ebeletha amawundlu angama-24. Kuze kube amasonto ayi-8, izingane zondla ngobisi lwebele. Kuze kube amasonto ayi-11, aziboni ngokuphelele futhi azikwazi ukuzivikela. Lapho benamasonto ayi-15 ubudala, baqala ukunambitha inyama. Izingane zingaphila impilo ezimele ezinyangeni ezi-4-5. Ngalesi sikhathi, isisindo sabo sifinyelela ku-175 g.
Esithombeni, amawundlu emarsupial marten
Esikhwameni sowesifazane, amawundlu ahlala kuze kube amasonto ayi-8. Ngeviki lesi-9, basuka kule ndawo ecashile baye emuva komama, lapho bahlala khona amanye amasonto ayisithupha. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kulezi zilwane ezimangalisayo kwenzeka ngonyaka ongu-1.
Impilo yama-martens emvelweni nasekuthunjweni ayihlukile kakhulu. Baphila cishe iminyaka emi-2 kuye kwengu-5. Inani lalezi zilwane lehliswe kakhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi obalulekile wabantu, abathi minyaka yonke bachithe indawo yokuphila kwabo. Ama-marten amaningi abulawa ngabalimi abanganelisekanga, okuholela ekuqothulweni.
