I-Sulawesian-eater eater (Spilornis rufipectus) ingeka-oda le-Falconiformes, umndeni we-hawk.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zomuntu odla izinyoka eSulawesian
Idla izinyoka eSulawesian inebukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-54. Iphiko lamaphiko lisuka ku-105 kuye ku-120 cm.
Izici ezihlukile zalezi zinhlobo zezinyoni ezidla inyama yisikhumba nesifuba esishwabene, umbala omuhle obomvu. Umugqa omnyama uzungeze isikhumba esingenalutho esizungeze amehlo ngombala ophuzi ophuzi. Ekhanda, njengabo bonke abadla izinyoka, kunesikhala esincane. Intamo mpunga. Izimpaphe ngemuva nasemaphikweni zinombala onsundu. Lo mbala ubonakala ngokungafani nombala onsundu oshokholethi wesisu esinemigqa ngemivimbo emincane emhlophe. Umsila umhlophe, unemigqa emibili ebanzi enqamulezayo emnyama.
I-dimorphism yezocansi ibonakala ngombala wezimpaphe zabadla izinyoka baseSulawesian.
Insikazi inezimpaphe ezimhlophe ngezansi. Ingemuva lekhanda, isifuba nesisu kuphawulwe ngemithambo emincane yombala onsundu okhanyayo, obukeka uzwakala kahle uma uqhathaniswa nesizinda sezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Ingemuva nezimpiko kunsundu ngokukhanyayo. Umsila unombala onsundu unemigqa emibili yokhilimu oguqukayo. Owesilisa nowesifazane banezidladla eziphuzi ngokusawolintshi. Imilenze imifushane futhi inamandla, eguqulelwe ukuzingela izinyoka.
Izindawo zabadla izinyoka eSulawesian
Abadla izinyoka baseSulawesian bahlala emathafeni amakhulu, amagquma, futhi, endaweni, amahlathi asezintabeni. Iphinde izale emahlathini amade aphezulu, emahlathini akhukulayo, emaphethelweni amahlathi nasezindaweni ezinamahlathi amancane. Izinyoni ezidla inyama zivame ukuzingela ezindaweni ezivulekile ezincikene nehlathi. Imvamisa zindiza endaweni ephakeme ngokwedlula izihlahla, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zikhuphuka kakhulu. ISerpentaire yaseSulawesi itholakala emaphethelweni ehlathi nasekuhlanzweni kwamahlathi aphakathi kwama-300 no-1000 metres.
Ukusatshalaliswa komudli wenyoka weSulawesian
Indawo yokwabiwa kwabadla izinyoka eSulawesian incane. Lolu hlobo lutholakala kuphela eSulawesi naseziqhingini ezingomakhelwane zaseSalayar, Muna naseButung, ezisentshonalanga. Enye yama-subspecies ibizwa ngeSpilornis rufipectus sulaensis futhi ikhona eziqhingini zaseBanggaï naseSula empumalanga yalesi siqhingi.
Izici zokuziphatha kwalowo odla izinyoka eSulawesian
Izinyoni ezidla inyama zihlala zodwa noma ngambili. I-Sulawesian edla izinyoka icathamela inyamazane yayo, ihleli egatsheni elingaphandle lezihlahla noma ngezansi, emaphethelweni ehlathi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ekuqamekeni okucashile ngaphansi kombhede. Izingela futhi ilinde inyamazane isikhathi eside. Imvamisa ihlasela isuka phezulu, ibambe inyoka phezulu, uma isisulu singesikhulu kakhulu, nezinzipho zaso ezinamandla. Uma inyoka ingafi masishane, umhlaseli onezimpaphe uqala ukubukeka edidekile bese eqeda isisulu ngokushaya ngomlomo waso.
Izimpaphe zawo ziminyene kakhulu, nezidladla zayo zingama-écailleuses, okuyizindlela ezithile zokuzivikela ezinyokeni ezinobuthi, kepha ngisho nokuzivumelanisa okunjalo akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi isilwane esidla ezinye, kungahlupheka ngokulunywa yisirhubuluzi esinobuthi. Ukuze ekugcineni ikwazi ukubhekana nenyoka, lesi sidlakudla esinezimpaphe sichoboza ugebhezi lwesisulu, esilugwinya lonke, sisalokhu sisuka empini eqinile.
Umuntu omdala odla izinyoka waseSulawesian angabhubhisa isilwane esihuquzelayo esingu-150 cm ubude futhi siwugqinsi njengesandla somuntu.
Inyoka itholakala esiswini, hhayi kwi-goiter, njengezinyoni eziningi ezidla inyama.
Uma ukubamba inyamazane kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwakha isidleke, owesilisa uletha inyoka esidlekeni esiswini sakhe hhayi ezinzwaneni zayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukuphela komsila kulenga emlonyeni wenyoka. Le yindlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokuletha ukudla kowesifazane, ngoba inyoka kwesinye isikhathi iqhubeka nokuhamba ngaphakathi ngokungangabazeki, futhi inyamazane ingawela phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlale kukhona esinye isilwane esinezimpaphe esintshontsha inyamazane ngomlomo womunye umuntu. Njengoba ihambise inyoka esidlekeni, umuntu odla izinyoka waseSulawesia uhlasela omunye isisulu ngamandla, bese eyinika insikazi, yona eyondla amaphuphu.
Ukukhiqizwa kokhozi lwenyoka iSulawesian
Abadla izinyoka baseSulawesian bahlala esihlahleni emamitheni ayisithupha kuya kwayi-20 noma ngaphezulu ngenhla komhlaba. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuthi uvame ukukhethelwa isidleke esingekude kakhulu nomfula. Lesi sidleke sakhiwe ngamagatsha futhi sifakwe amaqabunga aluhlaza. Ubukhulu besidleke buphansi impela uma ubheka ubukhulu benyoni endala. Ububanzi abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-60, kanti ukujula ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Zombili izinyoni ezindala ziyabandakanyeka ekwakhiweni. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola indawo yesidleke; izinyoni zihlala zikhetha ikona okunzima ukufinyelela kulo futhi elifihlekile.
Insikazi ifukamela iqanda elilodwa isikhathi eside - cishe izinsuku ezingama-35.
Zombili izinyoni ezindala zondla inzalo yazo. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwamachwane, owesilisa kuphela oletha ukudla, khona-ke kokubili owesilisa nowesilisa bahlanganyela ekondleni. Ngemuva kokushiya isidleke, abantu abasha baseSulawesian abadla izinyoka bahlala eduze kwabazali babo futhi bathola ukudla kubo, lokhu kuncika kuhlala isikhathi esithile.
Umsoco odla izinyoka eSulawesian
Abadla izinyoka baseSulawesian badla cishe kuphela izilwane ezihuquzelayo - izinyoka nezibankwa. Ngezikhathi ezithile ziphinde zidle izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, futhi kuyaqabukela zizingela izinyoni. Zonke izisulu zibanjwa phansi. Uzipho lwazo, olufushane, olunokwethenjelwa futhi olunamandla amakhulu, luvumela lezi zidlakela ezinezimpaphe ukuthi zibambe isisulu esiqinile ngesikhumba esishelelayo, kwesinye isikhathi size sibulale umuntu odla izinyoka. Ezinye izinyoni ezidla ezinye zisebenzisa izilwane ezihuquzelayo kwesinye isikhathi, kanti yiSulawesian kuphela edla izinyoka ekhetha ukuzingela izinyoka.
Isimo sokongiwa komdli wezinyoka waseSulawesian
Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1980, umuntu odla izinyoka waseSulawesian wayebhekwa njengengozi, kepha ucwaningo olulandelayo lukhombisile ukuthi empeleni, ezinye izindawo zokusatshalaliswa kwezinyoni ezidla inyama azifundiswanga ngokuphelele kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi mhlawumbe kuyisongo esikhulu kulezi zinhlobo, yize umuntu odla izinyoka waseSulawesian ekhombisa ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko ezithile kwendawo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kuyasebenza kuyo njengoba uhlobo "kubangela ukukhathazeka okungenani."
Inani lomhlaba lezinyoni, kufaka phakathi konke ukukhula okungakhulumi kwabantu abadala kanye nokungazalisi ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, kuphakathi kwezinyoni eziyi-10 000 kuya kweziyi-100 000. Le mininingwane isuselwa ekucabangeni okulondoloziwe ngobukhulu bendawo. Ochwepheshe abaningi bayazingabaza lezi zibalo, basikisela ukuthi bambalwa kakhulu abantu abadla izinyoka eSulawesian emvelweni, balinganisela inani lezinyoni ezivuthiwe ngokobulili njengezingu-10 000 kuphela.
