Incazelo nezici
Izinambuzane zihlukile. Abanye babo, yize bebonakala nje bengezona izingane ezingenabungozi, baphenduka babe ngababulali bangempela, ngoba ukulunywa kwabo kuvame ukudala ukufa kwabamele abaningi bohlanga lwesintu. Kepha umlingiswa wendaba yethu ibhungane elinegama lodumo "goliath".
Futhi yena, naphezu kokubukeka kwakhe okuhlaba umxhwele, ngisho nokwesabekayo, akunjalo neze. Lesi sidalwa singumshayi wangempela emhlabeni wezinambuzane. Futhi akumangalisi yini ukuthi amadoda anamandla kanjalo nemidondoshiya yathola igama lesidlaliso eliboniswe esihlokweni?
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zale mabhungane zikhula ngamasentimitha ayi-12 ubude, yebo, kungenzeka usayizi we-goliath beetle... Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungumpetha wesisindo, ezimweni ezikhethekile ezingaba ngaphezu kuka-100 amagremu. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke amalungu omndeni kaGoliyathi angompetha bokusinda okunje. Kukhona futhi nabantu abancane, ngisho nezinhlobo zonke, izinkomba zazo kwesinye isikhathi ezingaba uhhafu.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, "izintokazi" zincane kakhulu kun "abanumzane" bazo. Banokunye ukwehluka kwabesilisa. Okokuqala, abesifazane banekhanda elinjengesihlangu eligcwele. Futhi lokhu akuyona into engaqondakali, ngoba leli fomu libasiza kakhulu ekumbeni izimbobo zamatshe, okungukuthi, lidlala indima yefosholo ekuzaleni. Omama abakhathalelayo nabo banamazinyo emilenzeni yabo yangaphambili. Zibuye zisize ekwakhiweni kohlobo "lokuzalwa" lwenzalo ezayo.
Ubuningi nokuhlobisa kwesigamu sesilisa kubhekwa ngokufanele njengokuphambukela ezinhlangothini, hhayi ezinkulu kakhulu, kodwa izimpondo ezinhle, ezikwazi ukuba wusizo ekuvikeleni nasekuhlaseleni.
Ngendlela, la mabhungane aqinile ngendlela emangalisayo. Noma yibaphi abantu abazama ukugcina indoda enamandla ezandleni zabo bangaqiniseka kalula ngalokhu, ngoba ukwenza lokhu nokwenza ukuzinikela okukhulu akulula neze.
Ihlangana igoliyathi ibhungane ngokukhethekile emazweni ezwekazi lase-Afrika, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga nasenkabeni. Ama-ignoramuse amahle athola izinambuzane ezinjalo njengezingozi futhi zinobuthi. Kepha lapho uhlangana nesidalwa esinjalo, akufanele wesabe. Kukholakala, futhi kufanele, ukuthi amabhungane amakhulu awalimazi ngokuphelele kubantu.
Kodwa-ke, akunakushiwo ukuthi izinambuzane ezingavamile azinacala ngokuphelele ezingozini nasekufeni kwabantu. Ngesinye isikhathi, ama-goliaths ayevame ukuba yimbangela yokuphahlazeka kwayo yonke indiza, okungukuthi, izinto ngesisindo esikhulu ngokuphindwe izigidi kunabo. Kwenzeke kanjani lokhu futhi kungani? Ungathola ngalokhu ngokujwayelana ngokuningiliziwe ngezinto ezinjalo futhi ufunde ngomsebenzi wazo obalulekile.
Izinhlobo
Umbala wamabhungane anjalo wehlukile, kuya ngezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye futhi kunquma izici zezinhlobo. Kungacishe kube monochromatic noma kugcwaliswe ngamaphethini ahlukahlukene. Ngezindlela eziningi, umbala uncike ohlotsheni lwendawo yokuhlala, yize wonke ama-goliath, ngandlela-thile, engabahlali bezwekazi elifanayo elishisayo.
Ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe kahle yilanga elikhanyayo lase-Afrika, kutholakala amabhungane akhanyayo anamagobolondo acwebezelayo abonisa kahle imisebe yokukhanya, eba yisivikelo esiqinile emandleni elanga athe xaxa.
Kepha ehlathini, lapho uhlaza oluningi lwakha khona isithunzi esiningi, kunalokho, kutholakala kakhulu abantu abamnyama. Futhi-ke, ingubo evame kakhulu yezinambuzane ezinjalo imnyama ngephethini emhlophe.
Ukubheka esithombeni sebhungane le-goliath, ungathola umbono oningiliziwe ngokubukeka kwakhe. Sizochaza izinhlobo zamabhungane anjalo, okukhona kuwo amahlanu kuhlobo lukaGoliath.
1. UGoliyathi ubomvu. Lolu uhlobo, abameleli balo kuhlobo lwemidondoshiya kufanele babhekwe njengabancane kunabo bonke, ngoba izinkomba zabo zingamasentimitha ayi-6 kuphela. Izinambuzane ezifanayo zitholakala, njengomthetho, ezindaweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Ngaphandle kwegama, umbala wazo kungenzeka ungabi bomvu.
Imvamisa iphethini eyinkimbinkimbi yemigqa engalingani ibenyezela ngokukhanya okungemuva kokukhanya "kwezikhali" zamabhungane. Ku-carapace evikela i-pronotum, imivimbo iyi-longitudinal, futhi ku-elytra ijikeleza kakhulu, imvamisa ihlangana futhi igqagqene, yengezwe yimigqa emincane ehlukahlukene. Kukhona nabantu abamnyama.
2. Pearl goliath. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zifaka amabhungane amakhulu. Ezinkulu kunazo zonke zingamasentimitha ayi-9 ngosayizi.Abamele lezi zinhlobo basabalele ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nezwekazi, okungukuthi, ezindaweni eziseduze nenkabazwe.
Ingxenye yangaphakathi ye-carapace yesilisa i-ocher-yellow, imakwe ngemivimbo emnyama emide, engajwayelekile. I-Elytra yesikali esimpunga ngokumhlophe, icwebezela ngamapharele, enezimpawu ezimnyama ezingunxantathu ezinhlangothini ezingenhla. Igobolondo labesifazane, njengokungathi, ligcotshwe ngamabala angalingani kapende.
3. Isidlakela sikaGoliyathi - olunye uhlobo oluhlala eduze nenkabazwe emiqhele yezihlahla. Ubude besilinganiso besilisa buyi-10 cm, kepha bungaba bude kakhulu. Umbala wamabhungane umnyama, u-matte ngaphambili ngephethini emhlophe eyinkimbinkimbi. Izinyawo ezimnyama zinezindawo ezinsundu ngaphezulu.
4. EMpumalanga uGoliyati. Igama ngokwalo likhuluma ngengxenye yezwekazi okuyindawo yokuhlala yabamele lolu hlobo, ikakhulukazi, kungaba yindawo yaseTanzania nasempumalanga yeCongo. Iningi lazo liyizindawo ezinesihlabathi ezinezimila ezingavamile zemithi. Usayizi omaphakathi wamabhungane ungamasentimitha 8. Umbala ulula ngephethini emnyama emnyama.
5. URoyal Goliath. Lolu hlobo lubizwa kanjalo ngoba lubandakanya izinhlobo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zama-goliath ezingahlobisa ukuqoqwa kwabathandi bebhungane. Lezi zimidondoshiya zingabantu abahlala ezifundeni ezishisayo zenkabazwe, okungukuthi, ngqo lezo zindawo lapho izinambuzane ezithakazelisa kakhulu nezinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu zeplanethi zithole isiphephelo.
Umbala wamabhungane umhlophe kakhulu, ubhalwe imivimbo emnyama yobude obude engabonakali, okugqame kakhulu kuwo kunwebeke maphakathi bese uthepha ngasekugcineni.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Amanye ama-goliath akhetha umthunzi nomswakama ophezulu. Futhi-ke, iminyene yehlathi iyindawo oyifunayo kubo. Ubuningi bezinhlobo ezihlala lapho bunama-carapace amnyama amunca imisebe yelanga. Futhi lokhu akuyona into engaqondakali nhlobo.
Usuku lwamabhungane anamaphiko anje yisikhathi esisebenza kakhulu. Futhi bachitha kakhulu emoyeni. Kodwa lezi zidalwa zihleleke ngendlela yokuthi ukuze zisuke, njengokungathi ziyindlela ethile, zidinga ukufudumala kahle, okungukuthi, ukumunca ukushisa okwanele. Futhi lokhu akwenzeki njalo ehlathini ngenxa yobuningi bomswakama nomthunzi.
Ibhungane lase-goliath lase-Afrikanjenganoma iyiphi i-coleoptera, inamaphiko amabili wamaphiko. Abanye babo bangokoqobo kuphela, kanti abanye bangamanga, ababizwa nge-elytra. Amafomu amathenda aphansi, akuvumela ukuthi uhambe emoyeni, usesimweni esizolile embozwe nge-elytra, ehloselwe ukuvikela kuphela.
Amabhungane kuphela amanye amaqembu angakwazi ukusebenzisa amabhangqa aphansi ngaphandle kokusakaza lawo aphezulu. Kepha ama-bronzes, emndenini omncane we-goliath giants yawo, anesakhiwo esihluke kancane. Ukusuka ngenhla, i-elytra yazo elukhuni inesici esikhethekile, esinjengonxantathu, esinqunywe lapho kuphuma khona amaphiko abucayi.
Yingakho iziqhwaga zethu zenza ngale ndlela, uma ngokungazelelwe zinquma ukundiza. Uma ama-goliath engekho emoyeni, abameleli bezinhlobo zehlathi bachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi emiqhele yezihlahla. Futhi eziqwini nasemacembe, bayasizwa ukubambelela kuzipho ezicijile, ibhangqa ngalinye lawo emilenzeni eyisithupha yalezi zidalwa elinazo.
Isici sasemhlabeni samabhungane anjalo sithatha okuncane. Umhlabathi ubathakazelisa kuphela njengendlela yokuzala, lapho bahlela khona izitolo zamaqanda. Futhi, kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa amadiphozithi afulethi afanele phansi.
Ngendlela, izimpiko zamabhungane anjalo zingaba umthombo wamanzi noma womoya. Esimweni sokuqala, ngezinhlobo ezikhetha izihlabathi ezingenamanzi ezingwadule zase-Afrika kunamahlathi ashisayo. Ngemuva kwalokho umswakama oyigugu ugcinwa kuzo. Futhi ibhungane lika goliath liyaphila nasemanzini. Futhi kulokhu, izinqolobane zomoya ophefumulayo ziphinde ziqukethwe emaphikweni.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Lapho sifunda okwengeziwe ngemikhuba yesinambuzane esikhulu esisichazayo, kulapho siqiniseka khona ukuthi lesi sidalwa asinabungozi ngokuphelele. Umlingiswa wakhe akayona into edlayo, kepha ekuthandweni kokunambitheka ungumuntu odla imifino kuphela. Futhi kuphela esigabeni sesibungu, kwezinye izimo, izidalwa ezinjalo ziyakwazi, ukuzwa isidingo samaprotheni, ukushwabadela abanye babo, okungukuthi, izibungu ezifanayo.
Yilokho kuphela. Futhi sonke leso sikhathi badla uhlaza olubolile namaqabunga awile, balinde ukuguqulwa kwabo kube yisimo sabantu abadala. Yini edliwa ibhungane likagoliathi?inini esigabeni sokugcina sokwakheka kwayo? Ama-specimens avuthiwe adla izithelo ezibolile kancane futhi adle amajusi emifino.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Sekuvele kushiwo ukuthi omama-mabhungane abakhathalelayo bahlela "izimbeleko" emhlabathini ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Yimigodi emincane lapho kubekwa khona. Futhi inkathi efanayo ngemuva kokukhwelana yisona sikhathi esingajwayelekile lapho amabhungane ehlela phansi. Futhi lapho sebewenzile umsebenzi wabo, abesifazane babuyela endaweni yabo ejwayelekile yabantu abadala.
Kusuka eqandeni, ngokushesha kuvela iqatha elibi kakhulu isibungu se-goliath beetle... Ukusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni, iyondla futhi ikhule, ifinyelela imingcele ehlaba umxhwele. Ekupheleni kwentuthuko, ubude bayo bungu-15 cm kuphela, kanti isisindo sayo sidlula nalokho esizoba nakho, sithatha isimo sebhungane. Ngendlela, esigabeni sokugcina, sabantu abadala, izinto ezinjalo azikhuli nhlobo.
Ngemuva kwalokho ukufundela kwenzeka kwifossa efanayo, kulandelwe ukuvela komuntu omusha omusha, obizwa nge-imago. Isigaba sokugcina sithatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sinambuzane sikwazi ukufeza umsebenzi waso wokuzala, bese siyafa.
Okuqukethwe yi-goliath beetle nentengo yayo
Njengoba ngokwemvelo zingenabungozi kwabanye, la mabhungane ngokuvamile awaveli enakekela futhi abe nomusa ohlotsheni lwawo. Abamele uhhafu wesilisa bayakwazi ukulwa ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa indawo noma enye into ebalulekile kubo.
Futhi abamele isigamu "esihle", abashisekayo ekumbeni izimbobo zezingane zabo, bangalimaza amaqanda wezintombi zabo. Futhi-ke, ezimweni zokufakelwa, kungcono ukugcina amabhungane anjalo ngababili bobulili obuhlukile. Izinambuzane ezinjalo zikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba zingadlula zifune izilwane ezigcwele ngokugcwele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, "zigcwele", zinikezwe inani lazo, okuthi ngomuntu oyedwa, elithengwe ngezindawo zezilwane, zingaba ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7. Kodwa-ke, nge-Intanethi, uma ufuna izikhangiso ezifanelekile, kunethuba lokuthola okunikezwayo okungabizi kakhulu. Indawo ebiyelwe ibhungane ingaba ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-cubic.
Kepha kufanele kungene umoya kahle futhi kukhanyiswe amahora angaba yi-12 ngosuku, futhi izinga lokushisa ekamelweni kufanele libe ngu-24 ° C ngokwesilinganiso. Phansi kwe-terrarium kufanele kugutshuzelwe ngokhuni olunamaqabunga, olunomswakama oluncane futhi lumbozwe ngobulembu.
Ungafaka i-driftwood, izitshalo zokufakelwa neziphilayo ngaphakathi. Lokhu kwanele ukugcina amabhungane egoliath... Ungakwazi ukondla izakhamuzi terrarium ngoju, imifino nezithelo, ikakhulukazi ukhukhamba kanye izingcezu ubhanana.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Ukudweba iziphetho ngamabhungane ethu, siyaphoqeleka ukuphetha ngokuthi ubukhulu bazo akusona isipho esivulekile esivela emvelweni, kodwa amashwa alezi zidalwa. Ngempela, emhlabathini nasezihlahleni, ubukhulu obunjalo bubenza babe izidalwa eziyindida futhi eziyindida ngokweqile, ngaphezu kwalokho, zibonakala kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, emvelweni, abahlangani nezitha eziningi kakhulu ezifuna ukuzitika ngazo.
Futhi-ke, ngemuva kwakho konke, abanalutho olukhethekile lokuzivikela ekungenelweni okungahloniphi. Amazinyo abukhali emilenzeni enamandla yamabhungane, igobolondo eliqinile, elingangeneki nezimpondo ezihlobisa ikhanda labesilisa akusizi kangako emzabalazweni wokusinda njengoba kukhona ukubukisa phambi kwabantu bobulili obuhlukile.
Kodwa konke lokhu kubonakala kungathandeki kuphela ezintombini, ngasendleleni, ngenxa yokuthi izimpi ezinkulu zenzeka kaningi phakathi kwabafakizicelo ukuze babanake. Izinhlobo ezingajwayelekile nezikhulukazi zamabhungane ziheha abalandeli-bezinambuzane abafuna ukubamba izinambuzane ezinkulu ezimangalisayo.
Uma ubheka, bayizitha ezinkulu zama-goliaths, njengoba baba yisizathu sokubulawa kwabaningi babo, ikakhulukazi abesilisa abacebile ngobucwebe. Emoyeni, ngokuxakile, amabhungane amakhulu azizwa ekhululekile, futhi uhambo lwawo lwenzeka luphelezelwa umsindo onomsindo.
Ukuhamba kuphela kwemidondoshiya kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu ngokunyakaza kwezindiza. Yize lezi kuyizinambuzane, zisakhulu ngosayizi. Ukuwela ngephutha ezindizeni zamabhanoyi nokushayisana nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, amabhungane amakhulu avame ukudala ukushayeka kwawo.
Ukulimala okubulalayo kutholakala ngenxa yejubane eliphezulu lezimoto ezindizayo, amandla omthelela aphezulu kakhulu. Futhi ngaphambili kwezimoto kunezinto eziningi ezisengozini kakhulu. Izinhlekelele ezinjalo zivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni eziphansi.
