Umhloli wamazwe waseFrance uDumont-D'Urville, ngaphezu kokuthanda ukuhamba, wayemthanda kakhulu umkakhe u-Adele. Kwakungokuhlonishwa kwakhe ukuthi lezi zinyoni zaqanjwa, azibona okokuqala empilweni yakhe ngesikhathi sohambo oluya e-Antarctica emazweni ase-Adelie, futhi wazibiza ngokuhlonipha isithandwa sakhe.
Laba abamele izinyoni ezingaphepheki ezinjengondwebu ababebizwa ngegama lomuntu ngesizathu esithile. Ekuziphatheni kwabo, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo, eqinisweni, kuningi okufana nabantu.
Adelie Penguin - kuyindalo eyingqayizivele yemvelo engenakuqhathaniswa noma ididaniswe nanoma ngubani. U-Adelie Penguin no-Emperor Penguin, futhi nobukhosi - izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zalezi zinyoni zasenyakatho ezingakwazi ukundiza.
Uma uthi nhlá, zonke zibonakala ziyizidalwa eziyindida. Futhi empilweni yangempela nokubuka isithombe se-Adélie penguins, zibukeka njengamaqhawe wezinganekwane zama-Antarctic latitudes kunezinyoni zangempela.
Esithombeni kunephengwini encane yakwa-Adelie
Kukhona isifiso sokubathinta, ukubaphulula. Babonakala benemfudumalo futhi benofudu yize behlala ezindaweni ezinzima. Zonke izinhlobo zama-penguin zinokufana okuningi ekubukekeni kwazo futhi zanele izici ezinjalo ezihlukaniswa ngazo.
Incazelo nezici
Ngokuphathelene izincazelo ze-Adelie penguin, ke ngesakhiwo sayo cishe ayihlukile kozakwabo, kodwa incanyana nje. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kwe-Adélie penguin kufinyelela cishe kuma-70 cm, ngesisindo esingu-6 kg.
Ingxenye engenhla yomzimba wale nyoni imnyama enamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isisu simhlophe, okusikhumbuza kakhulu umuntu omele ogqoke ibhantshi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwepenguin lunezici ezithile ezihlukile. U-Adele unale ndandatho emhlophe ezungeze amehlo akhe.
Lezi zinyoni ezinhle ziyamangalisa ngokukhohlisa kwazo okumangalisayo, zibethemba ngokuphelele abantu futhi azibesabi nakancane. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi bangakhombisa ukufutheka okungakaze kubonwe futhi bakwazi ukuvikela indawo yabo kubahlaseli.
Impilo yala ma-penguin ethile yafakwa ezigcawini zamakhathuni ama-animators aseSoviet naseJapan. Kwakumayelana nabo lapho kuqoshwa ikhathuni ethi "The Adventures of Lolo the Penguin" kanye "Feet Happy".
Abahloli bamazwe bePolar bangabalezi zinyoni ngokukhethekile. Bababiza ngegama elinciphisayo lika-Adelka, naphezu kokuthi banomlingiswa oxabanayo futhi ongenangqondo. Kukhona ezinye Amaqiniso athakazelisayo e-Adelie Penguins:
- Abantu babo abaningi, abalelwa ezigidini ezi-5, badla amathani angaphezu kwayi-9 okudla ngesikhathi sokudleke. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungakanani lokhu, kwanele ukucabanga ama-bots angama-70 alayishiwe abadobi.
- Lezi zinyoni zihlonyiswe ngamafutha afudumele angaphansi kwesikhumba kangangokuba zishisa ngisho nangaphezulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabathola besendaweni ethokozisayo lapho bema amaphiko abo esabalele ngokuvundlile. Ngalezi zikhathi, amaphengwini aqeda ukushisa okweqile.
- Ama-penguin e-Adélie anesikhathi lapho azila khona. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho bethuthela ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, bakhe izidleke futhi baqale ukwakha izidleke. Okuthunyelwe okunjalo kuhlala cishe inyanga nengxenye. Njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi balahlekelwa cishe ama-40% wengxenyenamba yesisindo.
- Ama-penguin amancane i-Adélie aqala ukunakekelwa abazali bawo, bese engahambeli endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi "i-penguin nursery".
- Lezi zinyoni zakha izidleke zazo ngezinto zokwakha ezitholakalayo kuphela - amatshe amancane.
- Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ze-Adélie penguins zingama-sub-Antarctic kanye ne-chinstrap penguins.
Indlela yokuphila ye-Adelie penguin nendawo yokuhlala
I-hemisphere eseningizimu ibonakala ngesikhathi sokuphila okubandezelekile kwe-polar. Kuthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha, kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Sonke lesi sikhathi, ama-penguin e-Adélie achitha olwandle, olusendaweni ebangeni elingafika kumakhilomitha angama-700 ukusuka ezindaweni zabo zokwakha izidleke.
Kulezo zindawo, baphumula kamnandi, bathola imizwa emihle, amandla abalulekile kanye nokugcina imithombo yamandla, bedla ukudla abakuthandayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngemuva "kwendawo yokuphumula" enjalo izinyoni zizoba nesikhathi eside sendlala.
Inyanga ka-Okthoba ijwayelekile ukuthi lezi zinyoni zibuyele ezindaweni zazo ezijwayelekile zokwakha izidleke. Izimo zemvelo ngalesi sikhathi zenza ama-penguin adlule ezivivinyweni eziningi.
I-Frost ngama -40 degrees kanye nomoya omubi, ofinyelela kuma-70 m ngomzuzwana, kwesinye isikhathi ubenza bakhase baye enjongweni abayithandayo esiswini sabo. Umugqa, ohanjiswa yizinyoni, ungamakhulu ngisho nezinkulungwane zabantu.
Abalingani baphakade bama-penguin batholakala eduze nendawo yokwakha izidleke ngonyaka odlule. Into yokuqala nje abaqala ukuyenza ndawonye ukuchibiyela ikhaya labo elonakele nelonakaliswe yisimo sezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni ziyihlobisa ngamatshe amahle adonsa iso lazo. Kungale nto yokwakha lapho ama-penguin angaqala khona ukuxabana, okuqala kube yimpi, kwesinye isikhathi kuhambisane nokulwa kanye nokulwa kwangempela.
Zonke lezi zenzo zithatha amandla ezinyonini. Ngalesi sikhathi, azondli, yize izinsiza zamanzi lapho kutholakala khona ukudla kwazo zisondele kakhulu. Izimpi zamasosha zezinto zokwakha ziyaphela, bese kuvela isidleke esihle sephengwini, esihlotshiswe ngamatshe cishe ngo-70 cm ukuphakama, esakhiweni sendlu eyake yabhidlika.
Sonke isikhathi Kuhlala ama-penguin e-Adélie olwandle. Banamathela ekupakisheni iqhwa, bezama ukuba solwandle oluvulekile ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Izindawo ezinamadwala kanye nogu lwe-Antarctica, iziqhingi zaseSouth Sandwich, South Orkney naseSouth Scotch Islands yizindawo zokuhlala ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi zinyoni.
Ukudla
Ngokuphathelene nokudla okunomsoco, singasho ukuthi akukho ukuhlukahluka kuwo. Umkhiqizo wabo abawuthandayo nohlala njalo yi-sea crustacean krill. Ngaphezu kwakho, ama-cephalopods, ama-mollusk nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zisetshenziswa.
Esithombeni, i-Adelie penguin yesifazane yondla ingane yayo
Ukuze uzizwe ujwayelekile, ama-penguin adinga kufika ku-2 kg wokudla okunjalo ngosuku. I-Adelie Penguin Trait ngokuthi ngesikhathi sokuzithathela ukudla, angathuthukisa isivinini sokubhukuda esingama-20 km / h.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi se-Antarctic, ama-Adélie penguin aphoqeleka ukuba akhe isidleke ngesikhathi esichazwe ngokuqinile. Bakha ngazimbili unomphela. Kanye nazo, izinyoni zibuyela ezindaweni zazo zakudala zokwakha izidleke.
Lezi zinguquko ezinzima ezimweni sezulu esibi ngezinye izikhathi zithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga ngezinyoni. Abokuqala ukufika kulezi zindawo ama-penguin wesilisa. Izinsikazi zifinyelela kuzo cishe ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.
Iqanda le-Adelie Penguin
Ngemuva kokuthi izinyoni sezilungise isidleke sazo ngemizamo ebumbene ngazimbili, insikazi izalela amaqanda ama-2 ngokuvama kwezinsuku ezi-5 bese iya olwandle ukuyokondla. Abesilisa ngalesi sikhathi bahlanganyela ekufukameleni amaqanda futhi babulawa yindlala.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-20-21, abesifazane bayafika bashintshe abesilisa, abaya kokondla. Kubathatha isikhathi esincane. Ngomhlaka 15 kuJanuwari, izingane ziyavela emaqandeni.
Izinsuku eziyi-14, bahlala becasha endaweni ephephile ngaphansi kwabazali babo. Futhi emva kwesikhashana balayini eduze kwabo. Amawundlu anyanga zonke aqoqelwa aba amakhulu, okuthiwa "ama-nursery". Ngemuva kwenyanga, le mibuthano iyahlukana futhi amaphuphu, ngemuva kokuncibilika, ahlangane nabafowabo asebekhulile bese eqala impilo entsha.
Esithombeni, ipenguin yesifazane enengane
Ubude besikhathi sokuphila balezi zinyoni yiminyaka eyi-15-20. Nabo, njengabanye babo, bathinteka kabi ngokuxhumana nabantu. Kulokhu, abantu baya ngokuya bencipha. ngakho-ke I-Adelie penguin ibhalwe kuRed Book.
