ISwift iyinyoni etholakala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Ngeke ubathole ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica, eningizimu yeChile nase-Argentina, eNew Zealand nase-Australia eningi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kudlanga, umuntu ojwayelekile akazi okuncane ngabo.
Incazelo yama-swifts
Izakhamizi zamadolobha nezigodi sezijwayele ukubajwayela. Ngeke umangaze noma ngubani ngokuba khona kwalezi zinyoni emigwaqweni. Kwamanye amazwe baze banikezwa igama lesidlaliso "ama-hustler feather". Ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-swift iyinyoni engajwayelekile. Umndeni wama-swifts unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-16phakathi. Ziyafana kakhulu nezinkonjane, yize zingezona izihlobo zazo. Inkonjane ngeyomndeni odlulayo. Kepha ngaphandle, ukutadisha ngokucophelela kuzosiza ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinyoni ezimbili. Ama-swifts anezimpiko ezinkulu, ngakho-ke enza ukunyakaza okumbalwa lapho endiza.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ama-swifts akhombisa izimangaliso ze-aerodynamics. Ukuhamba kwazo ngokungajwayelekile kubangelwa ngokwengxenye ikhono lazo lokushaya ngokushesha ngephiko elilodwa kunelinye endizeni. Amaphiko ashaya ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene avumela osheshayo ukuba ajike ngokucijile ngaphandle kokunciphisa ijubane. Lokhu kusiza ukweqa lesi sinambuzane ngokwenza indingilizi ukuze siyibambe endizeni.
Izinyoni ezincane ezinjalo zingandiza ngejubane elilinganiselwa ku-170 km / h, kuyilapho ukundiza kwenkonjane ejwayelekile kudlula ngejubane eliphezulu elingu-80 km / h. Isakhiwo sephiko esiyingqayizivele sivumela imiphumela emangalisa. Ngenxa yakhe, iphiko linokuguquguquka okukhethekile nokuhamba ngesikhathi sokundiza. Ijubane lingahlala emoyeni izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-6. Ngendlela - lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi nokukhwelana ngenkathi zisesibhakabhakeni.
Ukubukeka
Ama-swifts anekhanda elikhulu, ubukhulu bomzimba bungu-10-25 cm, isisindo, kuya ngohlobo, kusuka ku-45 kuye ku-180 g. Banomlomo obukhali, kepha mfushane. Amehlo amnyama ngombala. Izimpiko zejubane zigobile futhi ziyindilinga, umsila ufolokiwe, mude futhi uqonde.
Naphezu kwamaphiko anamandla anjalo, ijubane linemilenze emincane kakhulu futhi ebuthakathaka. Izinzwane zifushane nezinzipho ezinde ezikhombe phambili. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, abantu abasha abakwazi ukukhuphukela emoyeni endaweni eyisicaba. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakheka kweminwe kuyabasiza ukuba banamathele onqenqemeni lwamadwala amakhulu.
Izimpaphe zejubane zinombala omnyama - izithunzi ezimnyama nezimpunga nge-gloss. Kodwa-ke, ama-swifts anebhande lezimpaphe ezimhlophe avame ukutholakala. Izimpaphe ezimhlophe zingaba khona nasesifubeni senyoni, endaweni yomsila, engxenyeni engaphakathi yentamo nasebunzini. Kubukeka kungenakwenzeka ukucacisa ubulili bejubane, noma ngabe kuhlolisiswa. Akukho mehluko ekubukekeni kwabesifazane nabesilisa.
Yizinyoni zezinhlobo ezimnyama ezisheshayo ezivame kakhulu. Zivame ukubonakala zihamba emoyeni wamapaki wedolobha, zenze imisindo yokushaya amakhwela. Ngasikhathi sinye, izifunda ezisempumalanga zephula amarekhodi ezindawo zabanye, ama-swifts amhlophe. Isimo siyefana nakwamanye amazwe. Umehluko wemibala eceleni, izinyoni zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zinezakhiwo zomzimba ezifanayo kakhulu nokuziphatha.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-swifts ahlukaniswa njengama-swifts... Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-85 zalolu hlelo zikhonjwe emhlabeni wonke. Phakathi kwabo kukhona kokubili izinhlobo sedentary futhi ezifudukayo. Zakha kakhulu emakoloni, yize zithanda ukuhlala emihlanjini emincane. Amakholoni asheshayo angakhula afike ezinkulungwaneni zamabhangqa. Bahola impilo esebenzayo, bahlala bephapheme kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa.
Ngokomlando, ama-swifts aye afakwa emigodini ephezulu ezihlahleni ezinkulu. Abakhathazeki ngokuhlala ngale ndlela eScotland nase-Abernathy Forest. Namuhla cishe wonke ama-swifts esidlekeni emakoloni angaphansi kophahla lwezakhiwo ezindala. Izinto zokuxhuma eziyinhloko zokwakha izindlu ngamathe abo. Ngendlala ekhethekile yamathe, bangakhiqiza amafinyila amaningi okungukuthi
Umuntu onejubane uhlala isikhathi esingakanani
Endle, ijubane livame ukuhlala cishe iminyaka emihlanu nengxenye.
Izinhlobo ze-swifts
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-swifts. Okuvame kakhulu kulokhu i-black swift. Unenhlanhla eyedlulele, ngoba nguyena kuphela ummeleli ongasuka endaweni eyisicaba, okungukuthi kusuka phansi. Uyakwazi ukugxuma kancane ezinyaweni zakhe, okwenza kube lula ukushaya amaphiko akhe kahle. Ukuculwa kwe-swift emnyama kuqhathaniswa nomculo omnandi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ubude bomzimba besilinganiso esenziwe ngamakhekhe esisheshayo bufinyelela ku-32 cm.Bukhulu kunabo bonke abamele. Isivinini esine-mustachioed sikulungele ukuphila ezintabeni, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ikhanda lakhe lihlotshiswe ngamadevu amade amahle namashiya amhlophe.
Ubude bomzimba wenaliti enomsila buyahluka kusuka ku-19 kuye ku-22 cm, ububanzi bamaphiko avulekile busuka ku-48 kuye ku-55 cm, kanti isisindo sisuka ku-100 kuye ku-175 g. umthunzi, kanti phezulu kunezimpaphe ezinsundu ngokukhanyayo.
Izimpiko ezimnyama zibonakala nge-sheen yensimbi. Ikhanda nomphimbo zimbozwe izimpaphe ezimhlophe. Zakha kaningi ezindaweni ezinezihlahla, zibeka izidleke emigodini yezihlahla. Bamba ngokuvamile iqukethe amaqanda 3-6.
Indawo yokuhlala
Bachitha ubusika babo eningizimu yeSahara. Izinyoni eziboshiwe zaseBrithani zitholakale eCongo Basin, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique naseNingizimu Afrika. Kuze kube manje, ayikho idatha enokwethenjelwa lapho izinyoni zisebenzisa khona imizila ebusika.
Ukudla kwama-swifts
Isici esivelele salezi zilwane ukuthembela okuphezulu kwisimo sezulu, izimo zezulu zemvelo yangaphandle.... Ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside kungehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba wale nyoni liye kuma-20 degrees Celsius. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungahlala ubheke ukuthi izinyoni ziwela kanjani kuhlobo lwe-torpor.
Ziyashesha emoyeni, ngakho-ke zingabamba kalula izinambuzane ezindizayo ngoqhwaku lwazo, njengenetha levemvane. Ama-swifts yizona kuphela izinyoni ezizingelayo ezikwazi ukuthatha ukudla ku-falcon uqobo.
Uma kwenzeka kungatholakali ukudla, osheshayo angangena ebusika obufushane bezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-10, elinde isimo sezulu esihle kakhulu. Le "life hack" ingenziwa hhayi kuphela ngama-swifts amadala, kepha futhi nangamatshwele amancane.
Izingane zikwazi "ukulala" kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-8-9, kuyilapho izihlobo nabazali bazo abadala beshiya isidleke beyofuna imithombo yokudla. Njengomthetho, ama-swifts ashiya izindawo zobusika ezindaweni ezifudumele ngo-Agasti. Kepha ikakhulu kuya kakhulu ngesimo sezulu ngaphandle. Ukulunyulwa kwabo befuna ukudla isikhathi eside kubizwa ngokufuduka kwesimo sezulu.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ama-swifts angahlala emadolobheni amakhulu nasemadolobheni, nasezintabeni, emahlathini nasehlane. Ukukhethwa kwesiza sokudlela lezi zinyoni kungahlukahluka. Bangakwazi "ukwakha" izindlu emagatsheni ezihlahla, emigodini, ngaphansi kophahla lwezindlu nasemigodini yobumba.
Isidleke ngokwaso sakhiwe ngezinto zemvelo zemvelaphi yezitshalo ezitholakala kulezi zinyoni. Uma kufika isikhathi sokwakha, ama-swifts ahluleka ukucosha amaqabunga, izinti, noma ukungcola okusemhlabathini, njengoba kwenzeka kwezinye izinyoni.
Phakathi kwezinto zokwakha kuzoba nazo zonke izinhlobo zemicu, izimpaphe, amagatsha amancane angalethwa yinyoni, acoshe impukane. Kuthatha umbhangqwana cishe izinsuku eziyi-7 ukwakha indawo yokuhlala eyodwa, kepha njalo ngonyaka ngemuva kobusika babuyela ekhaya.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ama-swifts athembekile athandana nomuntu oyedwa. Umlingani womndeni ukhethwa kanye impilo yonke. Le ndlela yokuphila enomoya kusho ukuthi bayazwana endizeni.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, insikazi ihlala emaqandeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubaba wesikhathi esizayo, njengomondli wangempela, ufuna ukudla kukamama wesikhathi esizayo kanye naye. Isikhathi sokuchamisela amaqanda sihlala cishe izinsuku eziyi-15-22.
Ukushintshashintsha kokuhamba kwesikhathi kuncike kakhulu ekunikezelweni kokudla. Umbala omkhulu wamaqanda ku-clutch umhlophe. Inombolo yabo ihlukahluka kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4 izingcezu. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, amaphuphu ahlala esidlekeni somzali cishe izinsuku ezingama-39. Isikhathi sale nkathi sincike ezimweni zezulu.
Izitha zemvelo
Ama-swifts awanazo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Lokhu kuthinta zonke izinhlobo zezinhlamvana emhlabeni. Isitha esiyinhloko esiyinhloko nesitha yinyoni yokuzilibazisa. Kwesinye isikhathi isitha sezinyoni ezingakwazi ukuzivikela ngumuntu uqobo.
Isibonelo, lesi simo siyakhula eningizimu yamazwe aseYurophu. Kukholakala lapho ukuthi inyama yezinyoni ezincane zalesi silwane inokunambitheka okuhle nezimfanelo eziwusizo. Ngakho-ke, abantu basemadolobheni bavame ukubeka izindlu ukuze babambe ama-swif engalindelekile.
Kuyathakazelisa!Indlu ihlelwe ngendlela ehlakaniphile yokuthi ukwazi ukufinyelela ngaphakathi. Abazingeli ababi balinda kuze kube amaphuphu aqanduselwa emaqandeni aqine ngokwanele ukuba ashiye isidleke sabazali, futhi ngaphambi nje kokuba bahambe nawo bayowapheka bese bewadla kamuva.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama zibambe esheshayo, ngoba ayigcini nje ngokundiza ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha cishe ayithinti phansi. Ama-swifts nawo angasongelwa ngezikhathi zokufuduka kwesizini.
Uma zinganakiwe, izingane zazo zingadliwa amagundane alambile. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi uma izidleke zama-swifts zifakwe ngaphakathi ezindlini zezinyoni noma emigodini yezihlahla. Futhi, ziya ngokwanda izibalo zasemadolobheni ziyafa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kabusha kwezakhiwo ezindala. Lapho zibuya ebusika, azizitholi izidleke zazo bese zifa emakhazeni.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Inkinga yokubamba nokuqothula ama-swifts ayibukeki iyinhlekelele. Kodwa-ke, kunezikhungo zokuvuselela lezi zinyoni emhlabeni jikelele. Amachwane asewile esidlekeni avame ukufika lapho, imvamisa lapho izulu lina. Abantu bayazilanda, kepha cishe akunakwenzeka ukondla le nyoni ekhaya.
