Ingulule (i-Acinonyx jubatus) iyisilwane esincelisayo esidlayo, esisheshayo emndenini we-feline, futhi ukuphela kwelungu lesimanje lohlobo lwe-Acinonyx namuhla. Kubathandi abaningi bezilwane zasendle, izingulule zaziwa njengezingwe ezizingelayo. Isilwane esinjalo sehlukile kuningi lesibalo esanele ngenani elanele lezimpawu zangaphandle nezimpawu zokuziphatha.
Incazelo nokubukeka
Zonke izingulule ziyizilwane ezinkulu futhi ezinamandla ubude bomzimba obufinyelela ku-138-142 cm nobude bomsila obufinyelela kuma-75 cm... ngaphandle kokuthi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amakati, umzimba we-cheetah ubonakala njengofushane, isisindo somuntu omdala futhi othuthuke kahle sifinyelela kuma-63-65 kg. Izitho ezinomzimba omncane ngokwanele, hhayi ezinde kuphela kodwa eziqinile kakhulu, ezinamazipho ahlehlekayo kancane.
Kuyathakazelisa!Amazinyane we-Cheetah akwazi ukudonsa ngokuphelele uzipho lwawo ezinqeni zawo, kodwa aneminyaka engama-4 kuphela ubudala. Abantu abadala balesi silwanyana badla ikhono elingajwayelekile, ngakho-ke izinzipho zabo azinyakazi.
Umsila omude futhi omkhulu kunayo yonke unenkinga yokushona ebaleni, futhi ngenkathi isebenza ngokushesha, le ngxenye yomzimba isetshenziswa isilwane njengohlobo lwe-balancer. Ikhanda elincanyana linomhlwenga ongaziwa kakhulu. Umzimba umbozwe ngoboya obufushane futhi obuncane bombala ophuzi noma onesihlabathi esiphuzi. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yesisu, izindawo ezimnyama ezimaphakathi nse zisabalele kakhulu ebusweni bonke besikhumba se-cheetah. Kukhona nemivimbo yombala omnyama wokufihla emakhaleni esilwane.
Izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwengulule
Ngokuya ngemiphumela yocwaningo olwenziwe, namuhla kunezinhlayiya ezinhlanu ezivelele kakhulu zengulule. Olunye uhlobo luhlala emazweni ase-Asia, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezine zengulule zitholakala e-Afrika kuphela.
Ingulule yase-Asia inentshisekelo enkulu. Cishe abantu abangamashumi ayisithupha balesi sitshalo bahlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi e-Iran. Ngokweminye imibiko, abantu abambalwa nabo bangahlala endaweni yase-Afghanistan nasePakistan. Ama-cheetah amabili ase-Asia agcinwa ekuthunjweni ema-zoo emazweni ahlukene.
Okubalulekile!Umehluko phakathi kwama-subspecies ase-Asia kanye nengulule yase-Afrika yimilenze emifushane, intamo enamandla kakhulu nesikhumba esijiyile.
Ayithandeki kangako ingulule yasebukhosini noma ukuguquka okungajwayelekile kwe-Rex, umehluko omkhulu wayo ukuba khona kwemivimbo emnyama ngemuva futhi kunamabala amakhulu futhi ahlanganisayo ezinhlangothini. Izingulule zaseRoyal zizalaniswa nezinhlobo ezivamile, futhi umbala ongavamile wesilwane kungenxa yesakhi sofuzo, ngakho-ke umhlaseli onjalo akavamile.
Kukhona futhi izingulule ezinombala woboya ongajwayelekile. Ama-cheetah abomvu ayaziwa, kanye nabantu abanombala wegolide futhi baveza amabala abomvu amnyama. Izilwane ezinombala ophuzi ophuzi nonsundu ngokunsundu enamabala abomvu ngokuphaphathekile zibukeka zingavamile kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezingasekho
Lolu hlobo olukhulu lwaluhlala eYurophu, yingakho kwathiwa yi-European cheetah. Ingxenye ebalulekile yezinsalela zezinsalela zalesi silwane esidla inyama yatholakala eFrance, futhi isukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbili. Izithombe zengulule yase-Europe zikhona nasemidwebeni yamatshe eMgedeni weShuwe.
Izingulule zaseYurophu zazinkulu kakhulu futhi zinamandla kakhulu kunezinhlobo zesimanje zase-Afrika. Babenemilenze emide echazwe kahle nama-canine amakhulu. Ngesisindo somzimba esingu-80-90 kg, ubude besilwane bufinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi isisindo somzimba esibalulekile besiphelezelwa yisisindo esikhulu semisipha, ngakho-ke isivinini sokugijima besingumyalo wobukhulu obuphakeme kunobo bezinhlobo zesimanje.
Indawo yokuhlala, izingwe
Emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, izingulule zazingabizwa ngokuthi ziyizinhlobo zezilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezichumayo. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zihlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo ye-Afrika ne-Asia.... Ama-subspecies we-African cheetah asatshalaliswa kusuka eningizimu yeMorocco kuya eKapa leGood Hope. Inqwaba yamaphethelo ase-Asia ahlala eNdiya, ePakistan nase-Iran, e-United Arab Emirates nase-Israel.
Inani elikhulu labantu lalitholakala e-Iraq, Jordan, Saudi Arabia naseSyria. Lesi silwane esincelisayo satholwa nasemazweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Njengamanje, izingulule zicishe zacishe zaphela, ngakho indawo yazo yokwabiwa incishiswe kakhulu.
Ukudla kwengulule
Izingulule ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye. Ekuphishekeleni inyamazane yaso, isilwane sikwazi ukukhula ngesivinini ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayikhulu ngehora... Ngosizo lomsila, ibhalansi yengulule, kanye nozipho kunikeza isilwane ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphinda ngokunembile ngangokunokwenzeka konke ukunyakaza kwesisulu. Njengoba isidlulile isisulu, umhlaseli wenza ukushanela okuqinile ngezidladla zakhe bese ebamba intamo.
Ukudla kwengulule imvamisa akuwona ama-ungulates amakhulu kakhulu, kufaka phakathi izinhlwathi ezincane nezinsikazi. Amahares nawo angaba yisisulu, kanye namazinyane wezingulube futhi cishe noma iyiphi inyoni. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, i-cheetah ithanda ukuzingela emini.
Indlela yokuphila yengulule
Ama-cheetah awazona izilwane ezithanda ukuhlangana, futhi umbhangqwana oshadile, oqukethe owesilisa osekhulile nowesifazane ovuthiwe, wakhiwa kuphela ngesikhathi se-rutting, kepha bese ubola ngokushesha okukhulu.
Owesifazane uhola isithombe sodwa noma uhlanganyela ekukhuliseni inzalo. Abesilisa nabo bahlala ikakhulukazi bodwa, kepha futhi bangahlangana ngohlobo lobumbano. Ubudlelwano phakathi kweqembu ngokuvamile bushelelezi. Izilwane ziyahlanza futhi zikhothe imilomo yomunye nomunye. Lapho uhlangana nabantu abadala bobulili obuhlukile bamaqembu ahlukene, izingulule ziziphatha ngokuthula.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ingulule ingeyesigaba sezilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezithile futhi ishiya amamaki ahlukahlukene akhethekile ngendle noma ngomchamo.
Ubukhulu bendawo yokuzingela evikelwe ngabesifazane bungahluka ngokuya ngenani lokudla nobudala benzalo. Abesilisa abayivikeli insimu eyodwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Isilwane sikhetha isiphephelo endaweni evulekile, ebonakalayo kahle. Njengomthetho, indawo evulekile kakhulu ikhethelwa umhhume, kepha ungathola isiphephelo se-cheetah ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinameva zomtholo noma olunye uhlaza. Isikhathi sokuphila sisukela eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kwengamashumi amabili.
Izici zokuzala
Ukukhuthaza inqubo ye-ovulation, owesilisa kumele axoshe owesifazane isikhathi esithile. Njengomthetho, izingulule zesilisa ezindala ezivuthiwe ngokobulili zihlangene ngamaqembu amancane, avame ukuba nabazalwane. Amaqembu anjalo angena emzabalazweni hhayi kuphela wensimu yokuzingela, kodwa futhi nabesifazane abakuwo. Kwaphela izinyanga eziyisithupha, umbhangqwana wesilisa ungabamba indawo enjalo enqotshiwe. Uma kunabantu abaningi, insimu ingavikelwa iminyaka embalwa noma ngaphezulu.
Ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi ihlala esimweni sokukhulelwa isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezintathu, ngemuva kwalokho kuzalwa amantshontsho ama-2-6 amancane futhi angenakuzivikela ngokuphelele, angaba yisisulu esilula sanoma yiziphi izilwane ezidla ezinye, kufaka phakathi izinkozi. Ukusindiswa kwamazinyane wuhlobo lokudaya ijazi, okubenza babukeke njengesilwane esiyingozi esidla inyama - i-honey badger. Amathole azalwa eyimpumputhe, embozwe izinwele ezimfushane eziphuzi ezinamachashaza amnyama amancane ezinhlangothini nasemilenzeni. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ijazi lishintsha ngokuphelele, liba mfushane futhi libe lukhuni, bese lithola umbala wezinhlobo zalo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ukuthola amantshontsho ezimileni eziminyene, insikazi igxila emabhulashini omsila nomsila wengulule ezincane. Insikazi yondla amawundlu ayo ize ifinyelele ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili, kodwa amazinyane athola ukuzimela kuphela ngonyaka noma kamuva.
Izitha zemvelo zengulule
Izingulule ngokwemvelo zinezitha eziningi.... Usongo olukhulu kulesi silwanyana esidla lubi ngamabhubesi, kanye nezingwe nezimpisi ezinkulu ezinemigqa, ezingakwazi nje ukuthatha inyamazane ingulule, kodwa futhi kaningi zibulala izingulule ezincane nezindala.
Kepha isitha esiyinhloko sengulule kusengabantu. Uboya bengulule obuhle kakhulu futhi obubizayo busetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingubo, kanye nokwakha izinto zangaphakathi ezifashini. Inani eliphelele labantu emhlabeni wonke wazo zonke izinhlobo zengulule ngekhulu elilodwa lehlile lisuka ezinkulungwaneni eziyikhulu laya ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi zabantu.
Izingulule ekuthunjweni
Izingulule zilula ngokwanele ukuzithambisa, futhi zikhombisa amakhono aphezulu ekuqeqesheni. Isidalwa sinesimo esithambile futhi esinokuthula, ngakho-ke sijwayela ngokushesha i-leash nokhololo, futhi sikwazi nokuletha izinto ezinkulu kakhulu kumnikazi waso emdlalweni.
Kuyathakazelisa!Abazingeli baseFrance, base-Italy nabaseNgilandi, kanye nezakhamizi zamazwe ase-Asia, bavame ukusebenzisa izingulule ezathanjiswa zisencane ukuzingela.
Kokubili ezimeni zemvelo futhi ngenkathi kugcinwa ekuthunjweni, ngesikhathi sokuxhumana, izingulule zenza imisindo ekhumbuza kakhulu ukukhipha nokuduma kwekati elifuywayo. Isilwane esithukuthele sithukuthele futhi siqhume amazinyo, bese sishaya amakhwela ngokuzwakalayo nangokuncinza. Lapho igcinwa ekuthunjweni, izingulule ziyehluka kumakati afuywayo ekungcoleni. Umzingeli onjalo akanakufundiswa ukugcina indlu ihlanzekile. Izingulule ziyizilwane ezidla kakhulu ezingandile, futhi inani lalesi silwane okwamanje lisengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke lesi silwane sabalwa ohlwini lweRed Book.
