I-ecology ibhekana nezinkinga eziningi zemvelo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezenzeke ngenxa yemisebenzi ye-anthropogenic. Ngokuya ngokuthi iyiphi indawo ebhekwayo, isigaba esinjalo semvelo siyayicwaninga. Imvelo esebenzayo isebenza endaweni ekhethekile phakathi kwemikhakha emayelana nomhlaba nemvelo. Ihlose ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingokoqobo:
- ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwemithombo yemvelo;
- ukuqedwa kokungcola kwamanzi, umhlaba, umoya;
- ukulawula umhlaba ozungezile;
- ukuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Izinhlobo zemvelo esetshenzisiwe
I-ecology isebenza ngokubambisana nemikhakha eminingi. Kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwemvelo nomnotho, isayikholoji, ezokwelapha. Ngokulawula izici ezithile, unganquma ukuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ukuthuthukisa imvelo.
Ucwaningo lwe-ecology olusetshenziswayo ngokunembile lezo zindlela nezinkinga ezibhubhisa i-biosphere. Kusungulwa amasu namathuluzi azosiza ukunciphisa umthelela ongemuhle wabantu emvelweni. Futhi, lesi siyalo sithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe kanye nemigomo yokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinsizakusebenza zeplanethi.
Inkimbinkimbi yemvelo esetshenzisiwe ifaka phakathi imikhakha elandelayo:
- imvelo yezomnotho;
- zezimboni;
- ezokwelapha;
- imvelo yokwakha;
- amakhemikhali;
- ubunjiniyela;
- ezolimo;
- imvelo yezomthetho;
- zasemadolobheni.
I-subspecies ngayinye ye-ecology esetshenzisiwe inesihloko sayo nento yocwaningo, imisebenzi nezindlela. Ngenxa yendlela yesayensi, izimiso nemithetho kuyakhiwa, ngokuya ngokuthi imisebenzi yabantu emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezomnotho kufanele ilawulwe. Yonke imithetho nezincomo kuncike ekucacisweni komsebenzi.
Inhloso yemvelo esetshenzisiwe
Imvelo esetshenzisiwe isiza ukunciphisa umthelela omubi wabantu emvelweni. Kulokhu, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zisetshenziswa, kufaka phakathi ukumodeliswa kwezibalo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubheke imvelo futhi unqume isimo sayo. Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlaziywa izokwazi ukuqinisekisa ubukhona bezinkinga zemvelo, okuzoba yisizathu sangempela sokushintsha imisebenzi yezinto ezithile. Isibonelo, izinkomba zesimo samanzi nomoya zizophoqa amabhizinisi ukuthi asebenzise izihlungi zokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi siyalo sizokwehlisa umthwalo emvelweni. Ngokulandelayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubuyiselwa nokuvuselelwa kwemvelo, okuzovumela ukulondolozwa kwemvelo kungakephuzi kakhulu.
