Ithafa laseSiberia liyindawo yokwakheka komhlaba kanye nohlobo lokukhulula, olusenyakatho ne-Asia endaweni yaseRussia. Le ngxenye yeSiberia yiyona eyaziwa kakhulu ngabantu. Kunezinsizakusebenza eziningi zemvelo lapha, kusuka ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezimbiwa phansi kuye emhlabeni wezitshalo nezilwane.
Izinsiza zezimbiwa phansi
Ingcebo enkulu yethafa laseSiberia inguwoyela negesi yemvelo. Nasi isifundazwe esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni sokukhishwa kwalezi zinsizakusebenza zikaphethiloli. Kukhona okungenani amadiphozithi angama-60 "egolide elimnyama" kanye "nophethiloli oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kule ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ngxenye yeSiberia, amalahle ansundu agqitshiwe, asesigodini se-Ob-Irtysh. Futhi, ithafa laseSiberia licebile ezinqolobaneni eziphikisiwe. Indawo enkulu yethafa imbozwe ngama-peat bogs.
Phakathi kwamaminerali ensimbi, izinsimbi zensimbi nezethusi kugaywa lapha. Ezansi kwamachibi kunezindawo zokugcina zeGlauber kanye nosawoti wasetafuleni. Futhi, endaweni yasethafeni, kudayiswa ubumba obuhlukahlukene kanye nesihlabathi, amamaki namatshe amatshe amatshe, izifo sikashukela kanye namagranite.
Imithombo yamanzi
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona insimu yaseSiberia Plain, ngakho-ke lapha ungakhipha ukuphulukiswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kwezinye izindawo kunamanzi ashisayo ashisayo, izinga lokushisa kwesinye isikhathi elifinyelela ku-150 degrees Celsius. Umcengezi omkhulu wobuciko obuseNtshonalanga yeSiberia ulapha. Imigwaqo yamanzi ebaluleke kakhulu igeleza lapha:
- ITobol;
- UPelvis;
- Iket;
- Ob;
- Yenisei;
- IPuri;
- Irtysh;
- UChulym;
- UConda;
- UNadym.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imifula eminingi emincane igeleza ingene endaweni yasethafeni, ubukhulu bayo buyahluka kuye ngezinhlobo zosizo. Kukhona namachibi amaningi lapha, akhiwa ezigodini zemifula, kanye nomsuka we-tectonic kanye ne-suffusion.
Izinsiza eziphilayo
Ithafa laseSiberia linezindawo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kukhona i-steppe ne-step-steppe, i-forest-tundra ne-tundra, futhi kukhona nexhaphozi. Konke lokhu kunomthelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane. E-taiga, amahlathi e-coniferous ayakhula, lapho kunezihlahla zikaphayini, ama-spruces ne-fir. I-Birch, i-aspen ne-linden ivela eduze naseningizimu. Izilwane zasethafeni zimelwe ngama-chipmunks nama-hamster ase-Dzungarian, ama-hares ansundu nama-minks, izingwejeje nezinye izinhlobo.
Ngakho-ke, ithafa laseSiberia liyinsimu enkulu enezinhlobonhlobo zemithombo yemvelo. Kukhona izindawo zasendle lapha, kepha kunezindawo eziningi ezithuthukile. Lapho kukhona izinsizakusebenza zamaminerali, kunamadiphozithi amaningi ahlinzeka ngemithombo ebalulekile yezinga likazwelonke nelomhlaba jikelele.
