Izinhlobo ezivamile nezingavamile zezinja zivusa isithakazelo nesifiso sokwazi okwengeziwe ngalesi simangaliso. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuvela kwesilwane kuyazikhulumela - lokhu kuyinja yegazi langempela elihloniphekile nokuhlakanipha okungokwemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, Inja yengwe yaseCatahula (I-Catahoula ingwe yenja) iyinhlobo yokuzingela izinja edabuka esifundeni saseCatahoula Louisiana e-USA.
Igama lakhe lesibili Inja yengwe yaseLouisana Catahula... Igama "Catahula" lingasho ukuthi "ukuzingela echibini" kusuka olimini lwendawo lwamaNdiya. Wabizwa ngokuthi yiLeopardova ngenxa yamabala emzimbeni wakhe. Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi iCatahoula Hog Dog (Catahoula Hog Dog), ekhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwalezi zinja ekuzingeleni izingulube.
Incazelo nezici
Catahula ingwe ukubukeka kwenja (lapha catahula) kudala umbono wesilwane esinobungqabavu futhi esiqinile. Imvamisa iphakathi nendawo ukuya kokukhulu (kuya ngomugqa wokuzalela). Akufanele kube khona okweqile esibalweni, kungabi bukhulu noma kube lula ngokweqile.
Umzimba oqinile, onomzimba omncane futhi ohambisanayo. Ngendlela, ukubukeka kwenja kuhlolwe ngokuya ngomthelela kuzimfanelo zayo zokusebenza. Wakhuliselwa ubumnene namandla akhe kunokubukeka kwakhe. Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu balezi zinja bungahluka kakhulu, nabafana njalo baba bakhulu kunamantombazane.
Ukukhula kububanzi obusukela ku-51 kuye ku-66 cm, isisindo sisuka ku-18 kuye ku-51 kg. Inja eligoqwe kahle inebude obude kunokuphakama. Ummango uqinile, ukhalo lukhothwe kancane. Isifuba sibanzi ngokulingene, i-croup ithambeka kancane. Ikhanda likhulu, kepha hhayi ngokweqile, ngokuya ngosayizi womzimba. Imihlathi iqinile, ngokulunywa yisikele.
Ijazi kufanele libe lifushane ukuya kobude obuphakathi futhi kungenzeka lithambe uma lithintwa noma libi. Ungashadile, ngaphandle kwejazi, eduze komzimba. Kuchaza ukuvela kwecatahula, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emehlweni. Ukuzibuka kuyamangaza ngokoqobo. Ziyamangalisa futhi ziyaqandisa.
Amehlo angenye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu zalolu hlobo. Umbala wabo ungaba umthunzi "wengilazi eqhekekile" noma "ingilazi yemabula". Lokhu kwenzeka nge-heterochromia (amehlo anemibala ehlukene noma imibala ehlukene yezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ze-iris esweni elilodwa).
UCatahula oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumhlophe okuqhekekile noma amehlo emabula kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ngamehlo engilazi ephindwe kabili." Zingaba nezindawo zombili ezimnyama nezikhanyayo. Kukhona ukwahlukana ngesigamu ku-iris eyodwa - uhhafu wombala owodwa, uhhafu wenye. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nomucu noma ibala lombala ohlukile.
Amehlo ampunga, ngokwesibonelo, amakwe ngezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza ezakha izimpunga. Amehlo angaba nombala ofanayo, noma kungaba namehlo amabili ahlukene. Ngokuvamile, uhlobo lwesithombe se-mosaic olungeke lubikezelwe njalo. Ayikho indinganiso ethize, kungaba mpunga, luhlaza okotshani, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo, inhlaka, imibala ensundu ngokuhlanganiswa okuhlukahlukene.
Umsila uvame ukuba mude futhi ungafinyelela kuma-hocks. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kungaba uhlobo olufinyeziwe lwe-bobtail (ubude busuka ku-vertebrae eyodwa kuya kwamathathu ngobude obuphelele). Elide livame ukugoba ezansi ngesimo sophawu lombuzo - isici esivelele somsila we-catahula. Ngokuvamile kunethiphu elimhlophe emsileni. Imisila efushanisiwe iyifa lofuzo lohlobo futhi akuvamile kakhulu.
Imilenze ye-catahula mincane, mide kakhulu, futhi inolwelwesi olubonakalisiwe phakathi kwezinzwani. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ngabo ukuzingela exhaphozini futhi bakwazi ukubhukuda kahle. Inja yengwe yaseCatahula ifanekisiwe kuhla kakhulu. Umusa, ukuhlonishwa okungokwemvelo, umbala omuhle namehlo e-crystal angajwayelekile - konke lokhu kwenza ukuzala kukhumbuleke futhi kufiseleke.
Izinhlobo
ICatahoulas iza ngemibala ehlukahlukene kufaka phakathi i-merle blue, merle red, brindle, kanye nemibala eqinile. I-Merle - uboya obunemibala engalingani ngendlela yezindawo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo zombala ofanayo. Umphumela ukubukeka kwe- "marble". Kwesinye isikhathi umbala ozinzile "ufafazwa" ngamabala eminye imibala, isibonelo, amabala amhlophe esifubeni, emilenzeni noma ebusweni.
Empeleni, ufuzo "merle" lubhekele umbala "wengwe" wenja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenzeka ukuthi ibizwa ikakhulukazi hhayi kuyo yonke ingubo, kodwa ezindaweni ezithile. Sizokwethulela imibala ethandwa kakhulu yinja yakwaCatahula, yize siphinda ukuthi umbala wejazi akuyona into ephambili lapho ukhetha inja, ayithinti ikhwalithi yayo nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Ingwe ebomvu - imibala ehlukahlukene ensundu, kwesinye isikhathi kungatholakala izindawo ezincane ezimhlophe. Yaziwa njenge "red merle".
- Ingwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - imibala ehlukahlukene yegrey, kusuka ekukhanyeni kuya kokumnyama, kwesinye isikhathi kunamabala amhlophe angavamile. Yaziwa njenge "blue merle".
- Ingwe emnyama noma emnyama - okuncane okungahle kuthinteke kuhlobo "merle", kepha kusenamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga.
- Ingwe empunga noma esiliva - ingwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lapho umnyama uhlanjululwe waba mpunga. Yaziwa njenge "merle shale".
- I-Tricolor - imvamisa imibala emithathu iyabandakanyeka - emnyama, empunga, emhlophe.
- Imibala emine noma emihlanu - izinja ezinemibala ehlukene, ezinsundu neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinemibala ehlukene ziyangezwa kule mibala emithathu eyisisekelo.
- I-patchwork - Izinja ezimhlophe ikakhulu ezinenani elincane lamabala wokuhlangana kulo lonke ijazi. Zingaba mnyama noma nsundu. Uma uqhubeka nokuzala lezi zinhlanganisela, ungafinyelela umbala ompunga, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu noma wesibindi kuzo.
Ngaphezu kwemibala, kufanelekile ukusho ngemigqa yokuzalanisa yalolu hlobo, lapho ubukhulu bezinja zalolu hlobo luxhomeke khona. Kunemigqa emithathu efanayo:
- Umugqa weWright - umugqa omkhulu we-catahoulas, onesisindo esivela ku-40 kuye ku-50 kg, wakhiwa nguPerston Wright. Lo mugqa wawuyisibonelo esivela ekuqaleni esivela ezinjeni ezafika zivela kuHernando de Soto (umnqobi waseSpain wekhulu le-16, umnqobi weNew World).
- Umugqa weFairbanks - elandelayo ngosayizi, isisindo esingu-30-35 kg. Yakhelwe nguMnu Lavi Fairnbanks. Zazinemibala ehlukahlukene ephuzi, kufaka phakathi i-brindle.
- Umugqa weMcMillin... Lawa ma-catahoulas anamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, alinganiselwa ku-25kg, aklanywa nguMnu McMillin waseSandy Lake, eLouisiana.
Le migqa emithathu yayingabazalanisi bazo zonke izinhlobo ze-catahula ezaziwa namuhla.
Umlando wozalo
Umsuka wenja yengwe yaseCatahula awaziwa. Futhi njengenjwayelo ezimweni ezinjalo, kunemibono eminingi. Owokuqala ukuwela Izinja zaseMolossian (abantu abakhulu abadabuka eMolossia, indawo ye-Epirus yasendulo) kanye nama-greyhounds, avela eLouisiana kanye nabaseSpain ngekhulu le-16.
Umbono wesibili ukuthi lolu hlobo lwavela kamuva kakhulu, ngekhulu le-19, ngemuva kokuthi amaFrance eqale bocerons (Izinja Ezingabelusi BaseFrance, uhlobo lwasendulo futhi olungavamile) eMelika. Kanye nokuzala inja yengwe sengathi livela ekuweleni kwebhova nezimpisi ezibomvu. Yize kungaqondakali kancane, ngemuva kwakho konke, cishe ngasikhathi sinye, amaFulentshi asevele ebona izinja ezibukeka zixakile zibonakala, sengathi amehlo anengilazi, ayesetshenziswa amaNdiya ukuzingela inyamazane exhaphozini.
Umbono wesithathu uthi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuwela izinja zendabuko zamaNdiya endawo izimpisi ezibomvu (i-hybrid yempisi empunga kanye ne-coyote, abomdabu baseMelika, asebanyamalala cishe futhi babhalwe kuRed Book). Kepha lo mbono awusekelwa ukuhlaziywa kwesimanje kwe-DNA.
Noma ngabe kungenzeka kanjani, ngo-1979 uhulumeni waseLouisiana wamemezela njengophawu lombuso olusemthethweni ngokuqaphela ukubaluleka kwalolu hlobo emlandweni wombuso. Inja "yezikhulu zaseLouisiana" ikhumbula ukuchuma kwalesi sifundazwe.
Uhlamvu
AmaCatahoul ahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi anamandla. Ziyaphikelela futhi zithembekile, ziyaphuma kepha aziphazamisi, ziyasebenza futhi ziyadlala. Ngasikhathi sinye, bahlakaniphile futhi bayalinganisela. Futhi, banelukuluku, bazimele, banothando futhi banomusa. Catahula ingwe ubuntu ubuntu ingachazwa yile nkulumo: ihlukanisa ngokusobala abantu babe "thina" kanye "nabantu esingabazi".
Kwangathi kwesinye isikhathi kungakhombisa ukungabekezelelani nolaka oluthile kubantu abangabazi nezinye izinja. Mhlawumbe i-catahula izobukeka ihoxisiwe ngandlela thile emhlanganweni wokuqala, kepha ayisoze yabonisa ubugwala. Kwesinye isikhathi angakhumbula ngokuzumayo imvelo yakhe yokuzingela futhi ahlasele izilwane ezifuywayo - izinkukhu noma amakati, noma ekhulele eduze kwabo.
Ukugwema lokhu, kubalulekile ukukhulisa umdlwane ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubumnene bubonakaliswa uma kwenzeka ukuthi amakilasi aqhutshwa naye ngendlela enolaka kangaka. Futhi i-catahula inesimo esibucayi kakhulu, ifunda kalula kokuhle nokubi.
Izinja eziningi zizwana kakhulu nezingane, zivikele engozini encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathanda izingane njengeqiniso, ngisho nabantu abangabazi. Kepha abantu abadala abangaphumi "kumaphakethe abo" bahlala besatshwa futhi begcinwa begade nabo. Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo eziningi ngesimilo, bangakhombisa inkani nokungalaleli. Lokhu, futhi, kungagwenywa ngokukhombisa ubuholi bakho njengomholi.
Akunasimo lapho kufanele ukhombise udlame, inja inenkumbulo enhle nokuzihlonipha ngokwanele. Ngokuzayo, uzolahlekelwa ukuzethemba kuwe, okusho ukuthi ngeke bube khona ubungani nokuzinikela. Imfundo engaguquguquki kuphela.
Kuyadingeka ukuqhuba amakilasi nokufundisa inja kusukela isencane ukuze ivumelane nomphakathi. Ngemfundo efanelekile, engeyona enobudlova, ungafinyelela ekususweni okuphelele kwezimfanelo ezingezinhle kuzinhlamvu. Ake sikukhumbuze ukuthi inhloso yabo yasekuqaleni kwakungukuzingela izingulube zasendle, izinyamazane, ama-raccoon, kanye nokusiza emadlelweni.
Ekuzingeleni, zivame ukuzingela inyamazana ngokuthula bese ziqala ukukhonkotha eduze kwayo kuphela. Basigcina isilo, bengasondeli kuso, besebenzisa ukukhonkotha kuphela nomyalezo onolaka. Lapho kudla izinkomo, zisetshenziselwa ukugcina isiyalo nokwesatshiswa emhlambini.
ICatahul ivame ukusetshenziselwa izinsizakalo zokusesha nezokutakula kanye nakwezemidlalo yezinja. Kepha abantu abaningi banezinja ezinhle njengelungu lomndeni, umngane nomngane. Ukufingqa, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi: inja yaseCatahula inguhlobo oluhlukahlukene.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla kunamaphesenti angama-70-80 enyama engenamafutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho kwimenyu kufanele kufaka phakathi imifino, okusanhlamvu, imikhiqizo yobisi, amaqanda. Amazambane ne-pasta anganikezwa ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Uma wondla ukudla okungokwemvelo, engeza uwoyela wemifino ukuze ubone, kanye namavithamini namaminerali abalulekile. Ungakhetha ukudla okwenzelwe ngomumo izinja ezisebenzayo.
I- "premium" efiselekayo kuphela noma i- "holistic" (ngokuya ngemikhiqizo yemvelo). Umsoco odingekayo usuvele ulinganisiwe lapho. Imidlwane emincane iphakelwa izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngosuku, izinja ezindala - izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. Akunasidingo sokutotosa isilwane sakho ngokudla okuvela etafuleni lakho, ikakhulukazi amaswidi, amakhekhe, inyama ebhemayo nokudla okusemathinini. Zithinta kabi isisu senja futhi zingaholela ezifweni. Kumele kutholakale amanzi ahlanzekile amasha.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Okokuqala, ungakhohlwa ukuthi lena yinja engavamile kakhulu futhi umnikazi wezinja we-novice akufanele aqale lolu hlobo. kodwa Imidlwane yenja yeCatahula ingwe kuthinta kakhulu, banoboya obuhle kangaka namehlo ahlukile kangangokuba kunzima ukumelana nawo. Ngakho-ke, sinikeza iseluleko esibaluleke kunazo zonke: awukwazi ukuhlanganisa ama-merles amabili lapho kuzalaniswa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi abazali bazoba bahle kakhulu, izingane zingaphenduka izikhubekiso ezingathokozi - izithulu, izimpumputhe noma nezinye izifo zofuzo. Noma konke kuhamba kahle ngempilo yabo, bangakhula bengalawuleki, babe nolaka, noma, kunalokho, besabe.
Ngamagama - ufuzo alu-oda! "Indodakazi kaCatahula" ivame ukulethelwa umkhwenyana ukuzokhwelana, kuba lula kakhulu uma owesilisa esensimini yakhe. Kukhona imidlwane engu-5-6 kudoti. Wonke umuntu angathola imibala ehlukile. Umbala wejazi - ipasipoti yenja ngayinye. Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka eyi-11-14.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela izinwele ezimfushane zobuhle kulula. Kwanele ngesinye isikhathi, cishe kanye ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa, ukusisula ngethawula elimanzi noma ngesandla sakho nje, okuzoba mnandi kakhulu enjeni. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabhucunga nge-mitten elukhuni. Lokhu kuzosusa izinwele ezeqile bese kunwaya izinhlangothi zesilwane sakho.
Phakathi nesikhathi se-molting, izinqubo zokulwa kufanele zenziwe kaningi - ama-2-3 ngesonto. Izincomo ezijwayelekile, njengezinja eziningi - amazinyo, amehlo, izindlebe. Konke kufanele kuhlanzwe njalo. Kunconywa ukunciphisa izinzipho uma zingagugi ngokwemvelo. Akunconywa ukugcina inja efulethini, okuhle kunakho konke endlini yangasese, lapho kunethuba eliningi lokuba ngaphandle.
Inketho ekahle ukuhlala kwenye indawo endaweni yokuzingela noma epulazini. Lapho kunomsebenzi owenzelwe yena. Kodwa-ke, uma unesikhathi esiningi sokuhamba naye isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe uzokuthola kuthokomele efulethini. Badinga ukuzibandakanya nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuqeqesha, nokufunda imiyalo eyahlukahlukene.
Ngendlela, bangabalandeli abakhulu bokumba egcekeni. Misa "ukuzivocavoca" okunjalo, ngaphandle kwalokho yonke insimu yakho izobe isemigodini. Futhi iseluleko esisodwa - ababuthandi kakhulu ubusika obubandayo, ngoba ijazi labo lifushane, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucubungula lesi sici.
Ukuthola inja enjalo kudingekile kuphela kumuntu onolwazi oluthile ku-cynology. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuxhumana ngokushesha nochwepheshe onolwazi. Zinezinkinga ezithile zempilo:
- Ubumpofu buyisici sofuzo, esivame ukubonakaliswa ezinjeni ezimhlophe, kuhlotshaniswa nokuba khona kwama-melanocyte emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha inja, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuke ukuthi kukhona umbala omhlophe omncane. Lezi zinja zinethuba elingama-80% lokuba izithulu noma lokungezwa kahle (ukuqondisa izithulu). Ababelethi baqinisa imidlwane engezwa. Uma bobabili abazali bengoMerle, izingane zabo zinamathuba angama-25% okuba yizimpumputhe, izithulu, noma bobabili. Imidlwane enjalo ibizwa nge- "double merle".
- I-Hip dysplasia nayo iyisifo sofuzo futhi sincike emthwalweni wabalimi. Ngokwe-Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, cishe u-20% wama-catahoulas analesi sifo. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-X-ray ngesikhathi futhi uhlolwe ngudokotela.
Intengo
Okokuqala, sizokwethula kuzimpawu ezingafaneleki zalolu hlobo:
- Ulaka olweqisayo noma amahloni adlulele.
- I-unilateral / bilateral cryptorchidism (hhayi ukwehla kwe-testicle ku-scrotum, indawo yamasende ngaphandle kwe-scrotum)
- Ubuthulu obungahlangani / obubumbene.
- Ijazi elide futhi / noma elifudumele.
- Bangaphezu kuka-90% abamhlophe; ikhanda elimhlophe ngokuphelele; i-albinism (mhlophe qwa);
- Ukungabikho ngokuphelele komsila;
- Izindlebe ezixegisiwe.
Konke lokhu kushiyeka akufanele kube senja oyikhethayo. Lolu hlobo lincane kakhulu ngaphandle kwezwe lakubo, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhetha ikati eliqinisekile noma umfuyi othembekile.
AmaKennels enja yezingwe yaseCatahula atholakala ikakhulu eMelika, eJalimane, eCzech Republic nakwamanye amazwe. Intengo yenja yeCatahula ngokusemthethweni iqala ukubala kusuka ku- $ 1000, yize empeleni izindawo eziningi zezinkulisa zinikeza okungaphansi kwe- $ 1200.
Ungakhohlwa ngezindleko zokuhamba. Zonke izindleko ezifakiwe, inja ingakubiza u- $ 1500-1600. Ngeke kube yinto engadingekile ukukukhumbuza ukuthi kufanele uhlole yonke imibhalo yenja lapho uthenga, kufaka phakathi imibala yabazali nokuba khona kwemigomo.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Kwesinye isikhathi kuthiwe ngalolu hlobo lwezinja kuthiwa "ngusathane". Ngokuyinhloko, bafanelwe lesi sidlaliso ngenxa yamehlo abo angajwayelekile eqhwa. Kepha hhayi kuphela. Ekuphishekeleni ubuhle bejazi "lengwe", abalimi abangathembekile bavimba izinja ze-merley ngokungakhethi, okuholela emidlwane ngengqondo engazinzile kakhulu, ethukuthele futhi engalawuleki.Kepha babengenacala ngalokhu, bonakaliswe ngabantu.
- Kuyaziwa ukuthi uTheodore Roosevelt, uMongameli wama-26 wase-United States, wayenenhlonipho enkulu nokuzethemba ngohlobo lweCatahula. Wayezisebenzisela ukuzingela kuphela futhi wayevame ukulala nale nja ezinyaweni zakhe.
- EWinnfield, eLouisiana, kubanjwa imicimbi minyaka yonke ngempelasonto yesithathu ngoMashi nezinja zezingwe zaseCatahula. Babizwa ngokuthi "Ukuhlolwa kwenja ngokuzingela ingulube eqanjwe ngo-Uncle Earl." Ngaphandle kwezinja zezingwe, ezinye izinja ezizingelayo zibamba iqhaza lapho. Uncle Earl wayengomunye wabaphathi abadume kakhulu baseLouisiana, u-Earl waseKemp Long, owayephila ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Wayengumzingeli okhuthele nomgqugquzeli wezinja zezingwe zaseCatahula.
- Ngo-2007, i-catahula yamukelwa njengemascot yesikole eLouisiana State Centenary College.
- UCatahula uyinja yokulandela umkhondo nokubamba inyamazane endaweni yayo. Akangeni ekuhlaselweni okuqondile, ngoba imvamisa isilwane esiqhutshwa singaba sikhulu kakhulu kunaso. Ngakho-ke, e-Australia naseningizimu ye-United States, kwavela amaCatahula Bulldogs - uhlobo oluvela ekuweleni kwezinja ezizingelayo kanye naseMelika Bulldogs. Le nja inezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zombili izinhlobo. Uyakwazi ukulandelela nokuhlasela.
