Phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izimfudu ziyehluka. Asikho isigaba esishiwo ngenhla sezilwane ezihuquzelayo esinomklamo othakazelisayo - igobolondo eliqinile, nomzimba uboshwe ngaphakathi. Kungani indalo yavela nalokhu, singacabanga. Baphila isikhathi eside, izinsalela zezinsalela zofudu zingalandelwa emuva eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-220.
Cishe, kwakudingeka babhekane nengcindezi enkulu evela emoyeni noma emanzini. Futhi futhi ucashe ezitheni ezinkulu. Igobolondo lokuzivikela liguqulwe ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka laba izembozo ezimbili ezinokwethenjelwa emuva nasesiswini. Ukwakhiwa okuhlakaniphile nokuhlala isikhathi eside, kungenxa yokuthi basinda, ngokungafani nezilwane eziningi ezazingasekho ngaleso sikhathi.
Umqondo wolimi lwesiRussia "ufudu" uvela egameni elithi "crock", into eyenziwe ngobumba oluqinile olubhakwe. Futhi isiLatin "Testudo" asikude nencazelo, sivela egameni elithi "testo", elihunyushwe kuzwakala ngathi "isitini, ithayela noma isitsha sobumba."
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemindeni, izizukulwane nezinhlobo, abantu abanamanzi amancane bathakazelisa kakhulu, ngoba bayimpawu yesidalwa sasemhlabeni nesisemanzini. Indalo enjalo ufudu lwasemanzini (Latin Emys) - ukhokho ezihuquzelayo ezivela American angenasawoti izimfudu.
Lezi yizimfudu ezikhethe indawo enamanzi endaweni yazo eyinhloko, kodwa zichitha isikhathi esiningi emhlabathini oqinile. Enye yezinto esizijwayele kakhulu, kokubili kwindlela yokuphila nangaphandle, ingukuthi Ufudu lwamachibi waseYurophu Emys orbicularis noma I-European Emida... Kusukela olimini lwesiLatini, igama layo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ufudu oluyindilinga". "I-Bolotnaya" - igama lesiRussia, elikhethwe nge-biotope yalo ejwayelekile - indawo yemvelo yokuhlala.
Incazelo nezici
Amagama aphambili esiwadingayo lapho sichaza abahlali bethu abasemanzini amancane yilawa ukhaphethi kanye ne-plastron. ICarapax kusho ukumbozwa kanzima ngemuva kofudu. Inesimo esicishe siyindilinga nesigobile, iqine kakhulu, iyisicubu somzimba, futhi ngaphansi kwaso kunesakhiwo samathambo. I-Plastron - isembozo esifanayo, esiswini kuphela, nokuthopha.
E-European Emida, i-carapace ivame ukubukeka njenge-oval, i-convex kancane, enendawo ecwebezelayo. Yena, njengazo zonke izimfudu, uxhunywe ku i-plastron imigqa eguquguqukayo ebabambayo. Ibhokisi lokuzivikela selilungile, phezulu nangaphansi kunamandla kakhulu, izinhlangothi zivulekile.
Akulula kakhulu ukuba bahlale besesimweni esilinganiselwe, kepha bajwayele, futhi bakukhokhela lokhu ngokuhamba okukhulu kwentamo, okungagoba njenge-periscope ezinhlangothini ezihlukile. Ezinganeni, i-scutellum engenhla iyindilinga eyengeziwe, inokukhula okuphansi ngesimo se "keel" esiseduze nomsila
Umsila we-Emida uvulekile, imvamisa kuba ngu-¾ ngosayizi wegobolondo, kanti esizukulwaneni esisha umsila mude kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa negobolondo. Isebenza "njengephini lokuqondisa" lapho ibhukuda.
Imilenze yangaphambili inezinzwani eziyisihlanu, eyangemuva inezine, futhi kunezingqinamba zokubhukuda ezincane phakathi kwazo. Yonke iminwe ifakwe uzipho olukhulu. I-heroine yethu ivame ukuba ngosayizi omaphakathi. Isihlangu sangemuva sifinyelela ku-35 cm.Isilwane sinesisindo esingaba yi-1.5 kg.
Umbala we-carapace wehlukile, yonke imibala yobubanzi bexhaphozi, kusuka kokuluhlaza ngombala ompunga kuya kokunsundu ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Indawo yokuhlala isho umbala wokufihla. Kwabanye, kungahle kube mnyama kumnyama. Kungenzeka, umbala uhlotshaniswa nemikhuba yobudala nemikhuba yokudla.
Ama-streaks aphuzi namachashazi asakazeke yonke indawo. I-scutellum esiswini ilula kakhulu, imvamisa i-ocher (iphuzi) noma imnyama kancane, imbozwe ngezinhlayiya zamalahle. Zonke izingxenye eziphumayo zomzimba - izidladla, umsila nenhloko ngentamo, zinombala omnyama omnyama onamaqhuqhuva ama-buffy specks nemivimbo.
Amehlo ombala ojwayelekile we-amber wesirhubuluzi, noma kunjalo, angaba liwolintshi, futhi abomvu. Imihlathi iqinile futhi ibushelelezi, akukho "mlomo". Ufudu lwexhaphozi esithombeni kubukeka njengesifuba samathambo esincane.
Ihlangene, "isivalo" esiseqanda sidwetshiwe kahle nge "antique". Uma, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-emida icashe "endlini" yayo, akubonakali izidladla noma ikhanda - ayibukeki njengesidalwa esiphilayo, ifana nebhokisi lakudala noma itshe elikhulu.
Izinhlobo
Izimfudu yizilwane eziyizinsalela ezihlale emhlabeni isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kuyacaca ukuthi banezibopho eziningi zomndeni. "Isihlahla somndeni" esikhulu. Ukuze uthole ukuthi ngubani i-heroine yethu enezihlobo, udinga ukumba okungenani izizukulwane ezi-3 - "ogogo nomkhulu". Ngamanye amagama, qala ngomndeni.
WaseMelika izimfudu zamanzi angenasawoti, emndenini ubuhle bethu obabungowabo, ngaphambili kwakubhekiselwa kuwo njengamanzi angenasawoti. Kuze kube bahlukane "nomndeni" Wase-Asia amanzi angenasawoti ngokwehluka okuthile: izindlala zabo zemiski zinamapayipi kwezinye zezingqimba eziseceleni (kubhangqa lwesithathu nolwesikhombisa), kanye nasekuphakameni kwesigaba se-12 semikhawulo eseceleni.
Abamele lo mndeni omncane batholakala ebangeni elikhulu losayizi - kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-80. Kunemikhakha engama-20, efaka izinhlobo ezingama-72. Eziningi kakhulu zazo emanzini, batagura, kucacisiwe... E-USSR yangaphambili, umndeni wawumelwe ngu- Izimfudu zaseCaspianngihlala eTurkmenistan, eTranscaucasia naseDagestan.
Umndeni osele ngemuva kokwahlukaniswa Izimfudu zaseMelika i-Emydidae kufaka phakathi izizukulwane eziyi-11, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezingama-51. Okukhulu kakhulu ngenani lezinhlobo - i-humpback, ehlotshisiwe, ibhokisi, i-trachemus, ne-Emys turtles... Zincane ngosayizi, ezinye zazo zikhanya futhi azijwayelekile ngombala. Ingxenye enkulu ivela eMelika, kepha kunabantu abahlala kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba.
IGenus Emys - kukhona isampula yase-Eurasia. Lolu hlobo manje seluhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: I-Emys orbicularis - Ufudu lwamachibi waseYurophu, futhi I-Emys trinacris Ingabe uhlobo lweSicilian, oluchazwe muva nje, ngo-2015. Ngakho-ke sasondelana neqhawekazi lethu. I-Emys orbicularis ihlanganisa ama-subspecies ayi-16 afakwe emaqenjini amahlanu. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zitholakala eRussia:
- Colchis ufudu lwasemanzini, uyaphila esifundeni soLwandle Olumnyama naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeTranscaucasus, kanye nasempumalanga yeTurkey. Une-carapace efinyelela ku-16.5 cm ngosayizi, nekhanda elincane;
- Kurinskaya - uhlala eCaucasus nasogwini loLwandle iCaspian. I-Carapace icishe ibe ngu-18 cm;
- Isi-Iberian - yazinza eDagestan, echibini lomfula iKura.
- EMedithera eseMpumalanga wakhetha eningizimu yeCrimea, i-carapace ephezulu ivikela kuze kufike ku-19 cm.
- Ukubukwa kokuphakanyiswa I-Emys orbicularis orbicularis... E-Russian Federation, indawo yokuhlala isuka ezifundeni ezisentshonalanga idabule phakathi nendawo iye empumalanga ye-Asia, i-carapace icishe ibe ngama-23 cm noma ngaphezulu.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Kuhlala ufudu lwexhaphozi yonke indawo eYurophu, ngaphandle kwezifunda ezibandayo, kanye nase-Asia Ephakathi. Imelwe kabanzi eNhlonhlweni yaseBalkan (e-Albania, eBosnia, eDalmatia) nase-Italy. Isakhamuzi esivamile semizimba yamanzi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeJalimane.
Lezi zinhlobo ungazithola enyakatho ne-Afrika, kanye nasendaweni yomqansa waseCaucasus futhi eduze nemingcele esentshonalanga yeRussia. Kuvame ukutholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu nasengxenyeni emaphakathi yeRussian Federation. Esikhathini sangaphambi kwesikhathi, yayixazululwe kakhulu esizeni seYurophu yanamuhla, kwezinye izindawo futhi manje ungathola abantu abaphindayo.
Indawo ajwayelene nayo ngamahlathi, amathafa, izintaba. Akuvamile, kepha kungaphela edolobheni noma kwenye indawo yokuhlala. Uyakwazi "ukukhuphuka" izintaba kuze kufike ku-1400 m ukuphakama, kanti abaseMoroccans babone ngisho nangaphezulu - ngamamitha ayi-1700 ezintabeni.
Uthanda amadamu amile angajulile, imifula ezolile namaxhaphozi. Ibhukuda ngokushesha okukhulu emanzini, ngakho-ke ifinyelela kalula isisulu sayo. Kungase kungakhuphukeli phezulu isikhathi eside.
Kwenziwa izivivinyo ezakhombisa ukuthi u-Emida, ngaphandle komzamo obonakalayo, wayesemgodini ovaliwe ngokuphelele onamazinga okushisa amanzi angama-18 ° C cishe izinsuku ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, emvelweni kusavela cishe njalo kwikota yehora ukuphefumula umoya.
Emhlabathini, ufudu lwaseYurophu luyabheda futhi lukhasa kancane. Yize kunjalo, usashesha ukwedlula izihlobo zakhe zomhlaba. Amandla akhe nomsebenzi wakhe kubonakala kakhulu emini. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziyazingela, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ziyaphuma ziyoshona elangeni, ngezikhathi ezithile ziphinde zingene echibini ukuze zipholile.
Lokhu kuziphatha kubizwa ngokuthi ukwesekwa kwe-thermoregulation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane siyaqaphela kakhulu, sizama ukungasuki kude namanzi. Izwa ingozi, iyashesha ukungena endaweni esindisa amanzi noma izigqibe odakeni. Kungalesi sikhathi sokubeka amaqanda kuphela lapho i-emida ingasuka emanzini cishe ngamamitha angama-500. E-Turkmenistan, babonwa ngamakhilomitha ayi-7-8 ukusuka emizimbeni yamanzi, kepha lokhu kwehlukile kulo mthetho.
Mayelana nobuhlakani nobuhlakani, kukhona okubhekwayo ukuthi lezi zidalwa ziqeqeshwe kahle, zinobuqili futhi ziyaqaphela. Futhi akusona isilima ngaphezu kwezinye izihlobo. Futhi ekuthunjweni, bavumelana nezimo ngokushesha futhi bathambe ngokoqobo.
Eduze nobusika, baba ndikindiki, ukulala ubusika bonke, ngaphambili bacashe ngodaka noma emhlabathini. Ngendlela, kwesinye isikhathi bakwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sesomiso. Imvamisa ubusika buqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, kepha ebusika obufudumele bungafika kamuva, futhi kwesinye isikhathi bukhanselwe ngokuphelele.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Sekuvele kushiwo ukuthi ufudu lushesha kakhulu emanzini. Ibamba izikelemu nezinambuzane, amaxoxo nezinhlanzi, kuthi eyokugcina iqale ilume isinye sokubhukuda. Ngemuva kwalokho uyayiphonsa, bese ehlala entanta emanzini. Ngakho-ke uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi izimfudu zihlala echibini noma emfuleni.
Uma ubona ama-bubble ezinhlanzi ebusweni bamanzi, ungaqiniseka ukuthi i-emida iyatholakala lapho. Phambilini bekucatshangwa ukuthi ungumzingeli ebusuku. Kodwa-ke, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo siphumula ebusuku, silale ezansi echibini. Futhi ekuseni kakhulu uyahamba ayokuzingela, futhi ukwenza lokhu usuku lonke, ngaphandle kwekhefu elifushane.
Akenqabi ama-molluscs, ama-crustaceans, ojekamanzi nezibungu zomiyane. Emathafeni ibamba izinkumbi, ehlathini - ama-centipedes namabhungane. Ihlasela ama-vertebrate amancane, izinyoka ezincane namachwane ezinyoni zamanzi. Akazideleli izidumbu, udla izidumbu zezilwane ezincane nezinyoni.
Ngakho-ke inhlanzi ayisona isidlo sayo esiyinhloko. Okuseqhulwini yimikhiqizo "yenyama". Ngakho-ke, ukwesaba ukuthi izimfudu ezingamaxhaphozi kulimaza amachibi ezinhlanzi ngokubamba zonke izinhlanzi akulungile. Ukubheka kukhombisile ukuthi, ngokuvamile, imizamo yokuzingela izinhlanzi ezinempilo nge-emida yehlulekile, isisulu sakwazi ukuphunyuka kumzingeli.
Vele, uma isilwane sethu esihuquzelayo singena ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi alawa bantu basemanzini, khona-ke amathuba okuhlaselwa okuphumelelayo anda. Ezilwazini, ufudu lubamba iqhaza elibalulekile njengelokuhleleka kwedamu lomdabu, ngoba libhubhisa isidumbu, kanye nomfuyi, ngoba lingakhetha kuphela umuntu obuthakathaka nogulayo.
Ngesilwane esibanjiwe, iya ekujuleni futhi ibhekane nakho lapho. Izinyembezi zibe yizicucu ezinemihlathi enamandla nezinzipho ezibukhali. Izitshalo azibalulekile kwimenyu. Uyakwazi ukuhlafuna ulwelwe kanye noginindela onamanzi ezinye izitshalo, kepha lokhu kungenzeka kube ukwengeza ekudleni okuyinhloko "kwenyama".
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isifiso sokuqhubeka nenzalo sifika kubo eneminyaka engu-5-9, kungaleso sikhathi lapho izimfudu zikhula khona. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka bushelelezi kusuka ebusika. Lokhu akwenzeki yonke indawo ngasikhathi sinye, kepha kuya ngesimo sezulu ezifundeni. Ezindaweni zethu ezipholile - ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.
Ngaleso sikhathi, umoya ufudumala ufike ku- + 14ºC, namanzi - aze afike ku- + 10º С.Umcimbi ungenzeka emanzini nasemhlabathini. Uma kulo mzuzu zisemanzini angajulile, khona-ke imihlane yabesilisa iyabonakala, ekhuphuka ngaphezu kobuso besiziba, kodwa insikazi ayibonakali, ngalesi sikhathi ingaphansi kwazo ngokuphelele emanzini.
Inqubo ithatha imizuzu engu-5-10. Amaqanda ngokuvamile abekwa eceleni kwendawo yawo yamanzi yakhona. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile. Ikakhulukazi izimfudu ezingenakuphumula, ukuze zithole indawo enesizotha ngokwengeziwe yenzalo yesikhathi esizayo, hamba kude nasekhaya. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, owesifazane uyakwazi ukwenza imikhuba emithathu ngesizini, ezindaweni ezipholile - 1-2.
Ukubeka amaqanda, umzali umba umgodi ofinyelela ku-17 cm ukushona amahora angu-1-2, usebenza ngemilenze yakhe yangemuva. Ukuma kwalokhu kucindezeleka kufana nojeke onendawo engezansi cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-13 nentamo efinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-7. Uphinde alungiselele indawo yomgodi kusengaphambili, asuse ngokucophelela isiqeshana somhlaba ngezidladla zakhe zangaphambili nekhanda.
Amaqanda aphuma kancane kancane, amaqanda ayi-3-4 cishe njalo ngemizuzu emi-5. Inani lamaqanda lihlukile, kuze kube yizicucu eziyi-19, zinegobolondo elinzima, elimhlophe lekalori. Zinesimo se-ellipse esayizi ngosayizi osuka ku-2.8 * 1.2 kuye ku-3.9 * 2.1 cm, futhi unesisindo esingu-7-8 g.Phela, insikazi ingcwaba umgodi futhi ilinganise kahle umhlabathi ngenhla kwayo ngesisu sayo, njenge-bulldozer, imboza indawo yokubeka.
Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha ukusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-60 kuye kwezingu-110, kuya ngesimo sezulu sendawo leyo. Izimfudu ezichanyuselwayo azilweli phezulu masinyane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, angcwatshwe ajulile, angaphansi komhlaba futhi azalwa entwasahlobo kuphela. Kuliqiniso, kukhona ama-daredevils okuthi noma kunjalo akhasa aphume angene echibini. Bese bachitha ubusika ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Zonke izingane zinombala omnyama kakhulu, eduze komnyama, kuphela ama-light specks ashelela ezindaweni. Banesikhwama se-yolk esiswini sabo, ngenxa yokuthi bondla kubo bonke ubusika obude. Usayizi wazo we-carapace ucishe ube ngu-2,5 cm, isisindo somzimba sicishe sibe ngama-5 g. Izidleke zofudu zihlala zonakaliswa yizo zonke izilwane ezidla ezinye ezikwazi ukufinyelela kuzo.
Amaqanda Omfudu Wexhaphozi esihlwabusayo, impungushe, i-otter, igwababa alikuphikisi ukuzitika ngakho. Zingaki iminyaka lezi zidalwa ezihlala emvelweni ezingasungulwa ncamashi, kepha kuma-terrariums iminyaka yazo ejwayelekile ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-25 noma engama-30. Kwakunezimo lapho ama-Emid, ngokugadwa ngokucophelela, ayephila kuze kufike ku-90, futhi aze afike eminyakeni eyi-100, naseningizimu yeFrance, engadini eyodwa yezitshalo, iminyaka eyi-120 yaqoshwa.
Ufudu lwexhaphozi ekhaya
Imvamisa, abathandi bezilwane bajabule kakhulu ngalokho abanakho ufudu ixhaphozi ekhaya. Akanazwela, uhlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele, akanakho ukungezwani komzimba nokungezwani endlini. Futhi akathandi, ukuhayiza, ukutshiyoza, ngokuvamile, akwenzi umsindo. Isibonelo esihle sesilwane esifuywayo.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuqala i-emid yabantu abadala ekhaya, udinga i-aquaterrarium ebanzi enomthamo wamalitha ayi-150-200 eneshalofu elinamathiselwe kanye nesiqhingi esenziwe ngamatshe, elingisa "umhlaba". Kungakuhle uma amanzi nomhlaba bekuyizindawo ezilinganayo, ngokwesibonelo, ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1 noma 2: 1.
Ungenzi ukujula kube ngaphezu kuka-10-20 cm, abayithandi imizimba emikhulu yamanzi. Amanzi kufanele ahlungwe futhi aguqulwe kaningi. Lungisa isibani sokushisa sendawo ngenhla "kwesiqhingi". Emini, izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwesibani ligcinwa kusuka ku- + 28 kuye ku- + 32 ° C, nasemanzini kusuka ku- + 18 kuye ku- + 25 ° C. Ukushisa akudingeki ebusuku.
Ukunakekelwa kofudu iMarsh impela ihlinzeka ngobukhona besibani se-ultraviolet esinemisebe encane ephephile. Kudingeka ivulwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisa amathambo negobolondo.
Ngaphandle kwesibani se-UV, isirhubuluzi sizothola inani elanele likavithamini D, ngeke limunce i-calcium kabi. Ngenxa yalokhu, izoqala ukukhula kancane, igobolondo lizothola isimo esingajwayelekile, isilwane sakho sinengozi yokugula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Emida ungumphathi wokugcina wezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-parasites. Imisebe ye-UV inomthelela wokuvikela empilweni yakhe.
Khumbula ukumboza ichibi ngesivalo. Lezi "zingane" ziyasebenza kakhulu, zikhuphuka kahle futhi zingaphunyuka emagcekeni. Izitshalo nomhlabathi esitsheni kungakhethwa. Izimfudu ezindala zizosiphula izitshalo, yintsha kuphela engeke ikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu ukutshala. Izimfudu zihlala zombili ngokwehlukana futhi zihambisana nezinhlobo ezihlobene ezingezona ezinodlame.
Yini ongayondla ama-swamp turtles kulula ukuyiqonda uma ukhumbula ukuthi badlani endle. Khetha izinhlanzi ezincane zomfula noma zasolwandle ukuze uzondle, uzitotose nezibungu zomhlaba neminenke. Ungamhlinzeka ngezinambuzane, izinambuzane ezinosayizi ophakathi nezinhlobo zezinyamazane - amakhilikithi namaphela.
Kungaba kuhle ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi ubaphonsele iselesele elincane negundane lokudla kwabo, kepha ungabuyisela izicucu zenyama kanye ne-offal. Thenga ukudla okukhethekile kwezimfudu esitolo sezilwane, noma kumakati noma izinja. Yondla ukukhula okuncane ngezibungu zomiyane (ama-bloodworms), i-crustacean gammarus, i-daphnia enkulu, izinambuzane ezincane.
Kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukufaka i-fiber ekudleni kwakho - izaqathe ezigayiwe, iklabishi, ulethisi, izingcezu zebhanana. Abantu abadala bondliwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, intsha - nsuku zonke, bese inyusa kancane ngezikhathi phakathi kokuphakelwa. Qiniseka ukuthi wondla izilwane ezihuquzelayo ngokufunzwa kwamaminerali.
Ama-Emids angazala ekuthunjweni. Udinga nje ukubona ukuguquka kwezinkathi. Badinga isikhathi sokuphumula - ubusika. Ekuqaleni, bayayeka ukubondla ukuze baphumule isisu futhi bahlanze amathumbu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baqala ukunciphisa amahora emini futhi banciphise izinga lokushisa libe ngu- + 8-10 ºС.
Kungakapheli amasonto amane, ukulungiswa kufanele kuqediwe futhi ufudu luzolala izinyanga ezimbili. Kusuka ebusika, nakho, kukhishwa ngaphandle kwezihibe. Uma ufudu lungahleleli ukuzala, noma luyagula, aludingi ukulala ubusika bonke.
Isilwane ngokuvamile sijwayela umuntu, siyasibona, siphendule enkambisweni yokondla, singabhukuda size sifike kocezu lokudla. Azinalo ulaka olukhulu, kepha kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungamlimazi ngengozi. Lapho-ke uyakwazi ukuluma kakhulu. Ukulunywa kwazo kubuhlungu, kepha kuphephile.
Ungabuthola kanjani ubulili bofudu lwexhaphozi
Abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi ungathola kanjani ufudu lwemashi lwaphansi... Unganquma ubulili bofudu lweminyaka engu-6-8 nobude begobolondo okungenani obuyi-10 cm.Kuhle uma ubeka izibonelo ezimbalwa eduze ukuze uziqhathanise. Khumbula izimpawu:
- "AmaCavaliers" ahlukile "kwabesifazane" ngo-plastron omncane we-concave, ngaphezu kwalokho, umsila wabo mude futhi mkhulu;
- "emadodeni" uzipho emilenzeni yangaphambili lude;
- i-carapace yesilisa, uma iqhathaniswa neyesifazane, ibukeka inciphile futhi ivulekile;
- i-cloaca (imbobo) emise okwezinkanyezi "yentombazane" iseduze nonqenqema lwe-carapace kunaleyo "yomfana"; inayo ngendlela yomugqa omude, otholakala ngo-2-3 cm ukusuka emaphethelweni egobolondo;
- ukuphela kwangemuva kweplastron "emadodeni" kumiswe okwenziwe ngo-V, "kwabesifazane" kuzungezwe imbobo enobubanzi obukhulu;
- abesifazane banefulethi, futhi kaningi i-plastron eyindilinga, efana "nesisu".
Futhi lapha "izintokazi" zibukeka zizungezile futhi zithakazelisa ngokwengeziwe!
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Izimfudu zesaba lezimanga, zihlala zifuna ukufihla kuzo endaweni yokonga amanzi, kwesinye isikhathi zisengozini yezimpilo zazo. ECaucasus, kubonakale izimfudu zeqa zisuka emamitheni amathathu zingena emanzini ngokwesaba.
- Izimfudu zinomuzwa obukhali wokuhogela. Basheshe bathola izingcezu zenyama ezisongwe ngephepha emanzini.
- Isidoda sowesilisa sigcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu; singagcinwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane isikhathi esingangonyaka noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, i-emida ingabeka amaqanda ngokungalindelekile ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu zokuthunjwa. Ungamangali, akusona isimangaliso lesi, inhlamvu yokukhulelwa isanda kusebenza.
- Ngo-2013, e-Zoological Museum yase-Dnepropetrovsk Agrarian University, kwaqubuka izimfudu ezinomswakama emaqanda agcinwe emashalofini njengemibukiso. Akucaci ukuthi basinde kanjani ezimweni zokuxubana ngale ndlela. Lo mcimbi ubukeka njengesimangaliso esincane.
- Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kuzimfudu, ukwahlukaniswa kobulili kuncike emazingeni okushisa asezingeni elifanele - uma ukufukamela kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka- + 30 ° C, kuvela "amantombazane" kuphela emaqandeni, futhi ngaphansi kuka- + 27 ° C, kuvela "abafana" kuphela. Esikhaleni phakathi kwalezi zinombolo, kukhona ukulingana phakathi kobulili.
- NgeNkathi Ephakathi eYurophu, izimfudu zazibhekwa njengesibiliboco futhi zazivame ukusetshenziswa njengokudla. Isonto lalibheka inyama yabo ukuthi inciphile, njengenhlanzi.
- Kukhona izikhumbuzo zofudu lwasemanzini eLatvia. Edolobheni laseDaugavpils, umqophi u-Ivo Folkmanis wamisa itshe lesikhumbuzo le-granite ekhanyayo yase-Afrika ngo-2009, ngemuva konyaka esebenza. Futhi eJurmala, isithombe esenziwe ngethusi esisogwini lolwandle besimi ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, kusukela ngo-1995. Zombili lezi zinombolo zenzelwe ukuhlonipha inani elikhulu lalezi zimfudu ezweni.
