Isinambuzane noma umuthi? IMedvedka yikho kokubili. Emkhakheni wezolimo ne-floriculture, isinambuzane siyinambuzane. Ngasikhathi sinye, abelaphi beluleka ibhere powder njengekhambi lomdlavuza nofuba.
Umuntu omdala waseMedvedka
Isinambuzane siqukethe i-pherase. I-enzyme incibilikisa ulwelwesi lwe-bacillus ye-tubercle futhi ivimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamangqamuzana e-tumor. Kodwa-ke, amabhere awaziwa ngemithi esemthethweni.
Incazelo kanye nezici zebhere
IMedvedka - isinambuzane, ngokufana nekhilikithi. Njengaye, i-heroine ye-athikili ibalwa njenge-Orthoptera. Lesi ngesinye sezinhlobo zezinambuzane. IMedvedka ivelele phakathi kwabanye:
- Ubude bomzimba kusuka kumasentimitha ama-4 kuye kwayi-10. Lokhu kucubungula ukuphuma okuyi-filamentous 2 ekugcineni kwesisu. Izithasiselo zibizwa nge- cerci. Kubhekwe nobude bezimpondo ezimbili ekhanda lesinambuzane.
- Okumpunga onsundu ngaphezulu nokuluhlaza okotshani esiswini.
- Amehlo amakhulu. Zitholakala ku-cephalothorax yebhere.
- Ukudonsa amathuluzi okomlomo. Imihlathi iqhutshelwa phambili.
- Imilenze yangaphambilini iguqulwe yaba ngamahalavu noma uzipho. Isakhiwo sazo esiyisicaba sivumela ibhere ukuthi limbe phansi njengezimvukuzane. Kungenxa yemilenze yangaphambili lapho lesi silokazane sinquma khona amahlumela amancane bese senza izimbotshana ezitshalweni zezimpande.
- I-elytra ebanzi kepha efushanisiwe. Izimpiko ezithambile ziphuma ngaphansi kwazo. Zitholakala ngemuva kwesinambuzane.
- Isimemezelo esikhulu. Ibala cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude bebhere.
- Igobolondo eliqinile ku-cephalothorax. Ungqimba lwe-chitinous, njengesigqoko sokuzivikela, lumboza ikhanda lesinambuzane.
Amabhere ahlukile kwamanye amakhilikithi ezimpondo ezifushane, enwetshiwe ngaphambili emuva nezitho zangaphambili eziguquliwe.Ebhere yesithombe ayikho kuphela ngesimo sesinambuzane esikhulile, kodwa futhi nesibungu.
Thwala izibungu amakhophi amancane abantu abadala
Amajita afana nalawo avuthiwe ngokocansi, kepha awanamaphiko futhi mancane ngosayizi.Isibungu sebhere kuvela eqandeni. Kufika kumamilimitha angu-3.5 ubude. Umbala weqanda uphuzi. Ukuqhakaza okunsundu nokubukeka okuluhlaza kuyabonakala.
Izinhlobo zebhere
Igama elithi "ibhere" lihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu zezinambuzane ezinkulu ezigobayo. Zonke zingabakwa-Orthoptera futhi zakha umndeni owodwa. Ibizwa kanjalo - amabhere.
Umndeni uhlukaniswe imikhaya:
- Gryllotalpa. Umndeni omncane ufaka ibhere elijwayelekile, elijwayelekile kulo lonke elaseRussia.
- I-Scapteriscinae. Amabhere alo mndeni omncane ahlala cishe kuyo yonke iNingizimu Melika futhi ngokwengxenye eNyakatho.
- Marchandinae. Lo mndeni omncane uhlanganisa ibhere lezinzwane eziyishumi, elivamile e-United States naseCanada.
Izinambuzane zomndeni ngamunye zihlukaniswe ngohlobo. EGrulotaipa naseScapteriscinae kunezingu-6 zazo NgoMashiandinae ziyi-5. Cishe isigamu sezinhlobo ziyizinsalela. Amanye amabhere angawabona akhona.
Indlela yokuphila yezinambuzane nendawo yokuhlala
IMedvedka yisinambuzaneukucasha ngaphansi komhlaba. Izimpawu ezingaqondile zokuba khona kwesinambuzane yimigudu eyemba yaso nenhlabathi yathukululwa ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ibhere selivele likhetha inhlabathi evulekile, elula, evundile. Ikhwalithi yokugcina iyadingeka ekwandeni kwezitshalo lapho isinambuzane sondla khona. Izimfanelo ezimbili zokuqala zenhlabathi zenza kube lula ukuthi ibhere lithuthuke kuwo.
Ngaphezu kokukhululeka, lesi sinambuzane sihlola umswakama womhlabathi. Kukhethwa umhlaba oniselwa ngenkasa. Ngaphansi kwawo, amabhele avela ebusuku. Kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane zindizela ekukhanyeni. Abesilisa bayakhala ngasikhathi sinye, kepha bangaphansi kobukhazikhazi kunokhilikithi. Amazwi ebhere azwakala ebangeni elingamamitha angama-600.
Ingxoxo isebenza njengendlela yokuxhumana. Izinambuzane zikhetha ukuxhumana ebusuku. Ukuthula kwasemini kuhlotshaniswa nokwesaba izinyoni. Izinyoni zibala indawo yebhere. Ukukhanya kuyisiqondiso esingeziwe. Ebusuku, lapho zizwa ibhere, izinyoni azikwazi ukuzibona.
Ukuvakashelwa kokuqala kwebhere ebusweni obuningi eRussia kubhalwe ngoMeyi, kanti okokugcina kwaba ngoSepthemba. Izinambuzane zichitha ubusika ekujuleni kwemitha elilodwa. Indawo ejwayelekile yenkathazo ingamasentimitha angama-20 ngaphansi kobuso bomhlaba. Leli yizinga labantu abadala. Ama-juveniles ajule ngamasentimitha angu-5-10, ebusika angama-25.
Isinambuzane sijula singene emhlabathini nge-engela yama-degree angama-50-60. Ukucwiliswa kwezinambuzane emhlabathini kwenza impendulo yombuzo ibe nzima, indlela yokubhekana nebhere... Amajuba nezibungu kunganikezwa izinkukhu nezinyoni zasendle ngokumba inhlabathi engaphezulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izinambuzane ezilele uhhafu ngeke zibe nesikhathi sokuphunyuka ezinyonini ezilambile. Kepha ukuthi wenzeni ngezinambuzane ezindala ezifihle ekujuleni okukhulu? Okuningi ngalokhu esahlukweni sokugcina. Okwamanje, ake sithole ukuthi yini ibhere engonakalisa esizeni.
Ukudla kweMedvedka
Izikelemu, izinambuzane ezincane, izibungu, umquba, ama-humus, izimpande, iziqu, imbewu yezitshalo. Lapha okudliwa libhere. Ukudla kwabantu abadala nezilwane ezincane kuyafana. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, izinambuzane ezincane zivame ukwaneliseka ngokudla kwezitshalo, futhi ezikhulile - nezilwane.
Phakathi kwezibungu zamabhungane, amabhungane akhetha inzalo yezinhlobo zeColorado, iMay nezinambuzane. Lapho sifuna isisulu, lesi silokazane sidiliza umhlabathi ukuze ukutshalwa kwamasiko kubulawe ukulimala kohlelo lwempande. Ngamanye amagama, amabhere awadli kangako njengokulimaza isivuno.
IMedvedka ithathwa njengenye yezinambuzane ezimbi kakhulu zezitshalo zezolimo
Ngokunikezwa izinzuzo zebhere emithini yesintu, abanye bazalela ngamabomu isinambuzane ezindaweni noma emakhaya. Kwesinye isikhathi, izinambuzane zigcinwa, njengoba besho, zomphefumulo, njengezinye izinhlobo zezicabucabu, amaphela.
Umbuzo ukuthi ungasondla kanjani isilwane sakho ekhaya. Isilwane siyenqaba imifino, ama-apula, ukhukhamba, amazambane kanye nama-strawberry. Yibo, ngokombono wabalimi abaningi be-amateur, okuyisibiliboco sebhere. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, izilwane ezifuywayo ziyakhetha:
- inyama egayiwe
- IGammarus crustacean ithengiswa njengokudla kwezinhlanzi
- iphalishi elincane lezinhlamvu
- izinambuzane ezincane, ekhaya kuyisiko ukuphaka amabhere achotshoziwe etafuleni
Ngikhetha ukudla kwamabhere, kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla okunephunga elinamandla. Izinambuzane azithandi iphunga elinamandla. Lokhu, ngokusobala, kuphakamisa indlela yokubhekana nesilwane uma kuyisilokazane, hhayi okokulapha noma isilwane esifuywayo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
IMedvedka yisinambuzane noma isilwaneukwakha isidleke emhlabathini. Inhlabathi eshwabene isebenza njengezindonga zayo. Ngaphakathi kukhona ikamelo elinamaqanda. Isidleke siseduze nangaphezulu, imvamisa sisohlangothini olubalele lombhede. Isikhathi sokuzalela amabhere siqala ngoMeyi futhi siphela engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinambuzane zivutha kakhulu ebusuku.
Kuthatha inyanga ukuthi izibungu zivele emaqandeni. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zintula amaphiko, zinemilenze yangemuva emide, njengezintethe. Intsha nayo inemihlathi ebuthakathaka. Ziluma kuphela izimpande ezincane, izibungu ezincane, nokuhlafuna umquba.
Kodwa-ke, imihlathi yebhere esikhulile ayenele ukuluma umuntu. Kepha isinambuzane singancinza ingaphambili, izitho eziguquliwe ngomunwe. Ameva aphuma emilenzeni yesinambuzane angena esikhunjeni njengezicucu. Ngakho-ke umbuzo ojwayelekile Ingabe ibhere liyaluma... Abalimi bephutha ngokuluma lokho okungekho ngempela.
Abalimi abangenalwazi bavame ukudida izibungu zebhungane nezibungu zebhere
Ukuguqula ube ngabantu abadala, uthwale izibungu molt izikhathi eziyi-8-10, uthole "igobolondo" elisha. Kuthatha iminyaka engu-1-2 ukukhula. Enye i-1.5 isele ukukhiqiza kabusha. Amabhere akuvamile aphile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3.5.
Uma lesi sinambuzane singafi ngokufa kwaso, sizodliwa hhayi njalo izinyoni. Emazweni ase-Asia, ngokwesibonelo, eThailand, amabhere abhekwa njengesibiliboco. Kwamanye amazwe, izinambuzane zithathwa njengezokudoba njengezinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke amabhele awela emilonyeni yama-pikes nama-perches.
Indlela yokubhekana nebhere
Engathandi iphunga elibuhlungu, amabhere ashiya umhlaba lapho kukhula khona ugarlic, u-anyanisi, iparsley, i-mint, i-alder, i-bird cherry. Kwanele ukuwafaka emibhedeni nezinye izitshalo ukuvikela ingadi.
Ngezindlela zokwenziwa kokulawulwa kwezinambuzane, sizokhuluma ngokuxegiswa okujulile kwenhlabathi ngokugingqika kwezendlalelo. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela izinambuzane ekuhlanganiseni isiza. Zivame ukulethwa ngomquba, okuvundiswa ngawo inhlabathi.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucebisa inhlabathi ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna, ngaphambi nje kwemikhuhlane, ukuze izinambuzane zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokulungiselela ubusika. Kuyadingeka futhi ukusebenzisa umanyolo okuthiwa uvuthiwe.
Kuzindlela ze-agrotechnical zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlamvu zommbila ezinobuthi ngaphezulu kwesiza kuyafaneleka. Bafakwe kuVofatox noma amalungiselelo afanayo. Kuyisiko futhi ukuthi acubungule iphaseji entwasahlobo.
IMedvedka yisinambuzane esikwazi ukubhukuda futhi sindiza
Isibalo sezinambuzane eziyingozi esizeni sincishiswe ngo-80-90%. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kufanelekile endaweni yokuhlala ye-epiphytotic yesayithi. Leli gama lisho ubuningi babantu enhlabathini yezinambuzane. Kufanele kube namabhere ama-3 noma ngaphezulu ngemitha eyisikwele.
Umlotha ungamiselela amakhemikhali. Isimo salo esine-alikhali kanye nephunga laso kuyazivimbela izinambuzane. IMedvedki ayisondeli emibhedeni, eceleni komkhawulo owethulwe umlotha. Kodwa-ke, enhlabathini ene-alkaline nengathathi hlangothi, ayiqukethe lutho, yandisa umhlaba, iphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo eziningi. Njengoba amabhere ethanda umswakama, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokunisela izitshalo ngaphandle kokukhukhula.
Lokhu kugcwele hhayi kuphela ngokuzala kwezinambuzane eziyingozi, kepha futhi nokubola kwezimpande. Ngaphandle kosongo olubangelwa abakhiqizi bengadi, izinambuzane nazo zingaba lusizo. Ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngokulinganisela, amabhere ayawuxegisa. Lokhu kusiza ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen emhlabathini, okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo.
