Ihansi elibele amabele abomvu (Branta ruficollis) liyinyoni encane yomndeni wedada, ukuhleleka kwe-Anseriformes. Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, inani lezinhlobo lehla laya ku-6.5 ayizinkulungwane, ngenxa yokufakwa kwiRed Book, ngalesi sikhathi inani labantu selikhule laba ngabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-35.
Incazelo
Ihansi elinamabele abomvu liwuhlobo lwamahansi, yize ubukhulu balo bufana nedada. Ubude bomzimba bucishe bube ngama-55 cm, isisindo siyi-1-1.5 kg, amaphiko afinyelela kuma-cm ayi-155. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane futhi behluke kubo ngosayizi abakhulu. Intamo yezinyoni mfushane, ikhanda lincane, imilenze inobude obuphakathi nendawo, amehlo anombala onsundu okwegolide ngombala omnyama. Bayaphithizela futhi banomsindo, bahamba njalo, abalokothi bahlale bathule. Izindiza azenziwa emgqeni, kodwa emhlanjini ojwayelekile.
Imibala yalezi zinhlobo zezinyoni ayijwayelekile futhi inemibala. Ingxenye engenhla yomzimba nekhanda imnyama, icishe ibe mnyama, amazolo namaphiko abomvu, umsebenzi wokuthenga kanye nemiphetho yamaphiko amadala. Ngenxa yesikimu sombala esingajwayelekile, lezi zinyoni zibhekwa njengomunye wabamele abahle kakhulu behansi; ama-zoo amaningi ezizimele namaphupho okuphupha ngokuwafaka eqoqweni lezidalwa eziphilayo.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-tundra ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa kwehansi elibelethiwe elibomvu: i-Gydan Peninsula ne-Taimyr. Bakhetha eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Azerbaijan njengendawo yabo ebusika, futhi uma ubusika bubanda, bangafudukela kude - baye e-Iran, e-Iraq. ETurkey, eRomania.
Njengoba intwasahlobo ifika kutundra sekwephuzile, lezi zinyoni zibuyela ezweni lakubo ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho iqhwa selivele selincibilikile futhi kuvele uhlaza lokuqala. Ukufuduka, baphambukela emakoloni abantu abayi-100-150, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulisa, inzalo ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane - ngokwesilinganiso, ngazimbili ezinhlanu kuya kwezingu-15.
Imidlalo yokukhwelana ngamahansi nayo ayijwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokukhetha umlingani, benza umdanso okhethekile, bahayize futhi bashaye amaphiko abo. Ngaphambi kokukhwelana, lezi zithandani zingena echibini, zehlise ikhanda nesifuba ngaphansi kwamanzi, ziphakamise umsila wazo phezulu.
Okokuzalisa, bakhetha ukugcwala izihlahla, amagquma awomile, izingqimba ezinamadwala, iziqhingana eziphakathi kwemifula. Isimo esiyinhloko kubo ukutholakala okuseduze kwamanzi amasha okunisela nokugeza. Izidleke zakhiwe ngqo emhlabathini, zijulise u-5-8 cm enhlabathini, ububanzi besidleke bufinyelela ku-20 cm ububanzi. E-clutch kunamaqanda ama-5-10, afukanywa kuphela ngabesifazane izinsuku ezingama-25. Amantshontsho asebenza emva kokuzalwa: abhukuda ngokuzimela futhi aqoqe ukudla, avuthwe masinyane ngokwanele bese kuthi ekupheleni kuka-Agasti azibambe ame ngezimpiko.
Ngemuva kokuba amachwane esechanyuselwe, wonke umndeni uthuthela echibini bese ulichitha eduze kwamanzi ngaphambi kokundiza. Kulula ezilwaneni ezisencane ukuthola ukudla lapho futhi zicashe ezitheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi, abantu abadala baqala isikhathi se-molting, futhi balahlekelwa okwesikhashana amandla okundiza.
Zindiza ziye ezindaweni ezifudumele maphakathi no-Okthoba. Sekukonke, bahlala endaweni yokwakha izidleke cishe izinyanga ezintathu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ihansi elibomvu libele londla kuphela ngokudla kwesiqalo sezitshalo. Ukudla kwezinyoni akukhanyi ngokuhlukahluka, ngoba kunezitshalo ezimbalwa ezilungele ukudliwa ku-tundra. Lezi, ezimweni eziningi, ubulembu, ulwelwe, amahlumela ezitshalo, izimpande.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, bahlala eduze kwamasimu anezitshalo zasebusika, imidumba. Ngenkathi isondla abasha, ikoloni lihlala lintanta emfuleni, ngaleyo ndlela livule izindawo ezintsha zokudla.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Amahansi amabele abomvu ahlangana impilo yonke noma kuze kube yilapho omunye wabo efa. Ngisho nangesikhathi sezindiza, zihlala zinamathele ndawonye. Uma omunye wabashadile efa, owesibili ngokuzidela uvikela isidumbu sakhe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukuze kuvikelwe inzalo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, lezi zidleke zamahansi eziseduze kokhokho namabhaza. Izilwane ezinamaphiko zixosha izingwe zasolwandle nezimpungushe kuzo, zixwayisa ngengozi.
