Omunye wabamele abavame kakhulu bezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini yi-newt ejwayelekile. Ngaphandle, icishe ifane nesibankwa, ngoba sinobude nobukhulu obuncane. Isilwane sinamanzi amancane, njengoba isikhathi esiningi sichitha isikhathi emhlabathini nasemanzini (ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzalanisa). Inewt ejwayelekile ingatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, kanye naseCaucasus, eSiberia nakwezinye izindawo.
Incazelo nokuziphatha
Usayizi wenewt akuvamile ukuba weqe ngamasentimitha ayi-9 ubude. Isikhumba sezilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini sinamaqhuqhuva futhi sinombala onsundu womnqumo. Umbala ungahluka ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala nenkathi yokukhwelana. Masonto onke, ama-newts ajwayelekile ane-molt. Ukuvela kwezilwane kungabonakala ngokulandelayo: ikhanda elikhulu nelisicaba, umzimba omise okokuphotha, umsila omude, izitho ezifanayo zeminwe emithathu nemine.
Ama-newt anamehlo angaboni kahle, kepha anephunga elihle kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuhogela isisulu ebangeni elingamamitha angama-300. Ungahlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa ngombala nangezici zekhava yasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, emadodeni kunezindawo ezimnyama futhi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, iqanda "liyakhuphuka". Amalungu omndeni wama-salamanders weqiniso angavuselela cishe zonke izingxenye zomzimba, kufaka phakathi izitho. Isikhumba se-amphibian sikhipha ubuthi obubulalayo obungabulala esinye isilwane esinegazi elifudumele.
Inewt ejwayelekile ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu futhi ingagijima ngokushesha ezansi kwedamu. Isilwane siphefumula ngemithambo nesikhumba.
Ukuziphatha kanye nokudla okuyisisekelo
Impilo yesibankwa samanzi ihlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezimbili: ihlobo nobusika. Lesi sakamuva sibonakala ngokuhamba kwe-amphibian ebusika. Ukwenza lokhu, abantu abadala bafuna isiphephelo esiphephile nesifihlekile noma umgodi oshiywe dengwane. Ama-Newts azifihla ngamaqembu, angahle abe nabantu abangama-50. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-zero, isibankwa samanzi siba yiqhwa, simise ngokuphelele ukunyakaza.
Kakade ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi-Ephreli, ama-newt ayavuka futhi aqale imidlalo yokukhwelana. Izilwane azithandi ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo, isimo sezulu esishisayo, ngakho-ke iningi lokuzilibazisa okusebenzayo lenziwa ebusuku.
Ziphila ngokudla ama-invertebrates. Emanzini, ama-newt adla izibungu, ama-crustaceans, amaqanda nofeleba. Emhlabeni, ukudla kwabo kuhlukahluka ngemisundu, izibungu, ama-slugs, izicabucabu, izimvemvane. Ngenkathi echibini, izintuthwane zinesifiso esikhulayo, futhi zizama ukugcwalisa izisu zazo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izinhlobo zama-newts
Kunezinhlobo ezincane eziyisikhombisa zezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini kuleli qembu:
- okujwayelekile - zihlukaniswa ngokuba khona komqolo ophakeme onamanzi ngemuva;
- u-newt Lanza - uthanda ukuhlala emahlathini axubekile nahlangene;
- i-ampelous (amagilebhisi) - abantu abadala banomgogodla omfushane we-dorsal, ofinyelela ku-4 mm ukuphakama;
- IsiGrikhi - sitholakala kakhulu eGrisi naseMakedoniya;
- Ubusha bukaCossvig - babonwa kuphela eTurkey;
- eningizimu;
- Inewt kaSchmidtler.
Ezimweni eziningi, izintuthwane ezivamile zifuna indawo yokuhlala enezimila ezicebile, ngakho-ke zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ngeminyaka emibili, ama-newt afinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi. Kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni banemidlalo yokukhwelana, ephelezelwa yimidanso ekhethekile nokuthinta ubuso bowesifazane. Ukuze umangaze okhethiwe, abesilisa bame ngezidladla zangaphambili futhi ngokushesha benze ijezi eliqinile, okuholela ekutheni umfula wamanzi ududulelwe kowesifazane. Abesilisa baqala ukuzishaya ngomsila wabo ezinhlangothini bese bebuka insikazi. Uma umngane ehlaba umxhwele, uyahamba, akhombe lowo amkhethile.
Abesifazane basebenzisa i-cloaca yabo ukugwinya ama-spermatophores ashiywe ngabesilisa ematsheni, bese kuqala ukukhulelwa kwangaphakathi. Abesifazane bayakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-700, okuvela kuwo izibungu ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu. I-newt ekhulile ishiya umhlaba ezinyangeni ezimbili.
