U-Ivan Nikitin ubhale wathi: - "Mhlophe njengesithintelo, imibimbi ebunzini lakhe, enobuso obugugile, ubone imigwaqo eminingi empilweni yakhe." Ngokuqhathanisa iqhawe nenyoni emathafeni, imbongi yaseRussia yekhulu le-19 yayisho ukuthi le ndoda yayimpunga.
Inyanga ayikwazi ukubizwa ngomhlophe. Ingemuva lezimpaphe naphezulu kwamaphiko kuyimpunga. Noma kunjalo, kukhona futhi "okumpunga" lapha, futhi ithoni ejwayelekile ayimnyama. Isisu nentamo yesilwane zimhlophe qwa. Esihlotsheni esiseduze se-harrier yensimu, umbala unama-shades ambalwa amnyama. Kukhona nedlelo labantu. Labo banezimpaphe ezibomvu.
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-steppe harrier
Ngekhulu le-19 i-steppe harrier kwasatshalaliswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlangana nenyoni kwafika engqondweni ka-Ivan Nikitin. Ekhulwini lama-21, ukufaniswa okunjalo bekuyobe kubhalwe, mhlawumbe, kuphela ngumbongi wezinkondlo, osesondele Incwadi Ebomvu. I-steppe harrier kufakwe ohlwini njengokunyamalala.
I-Yastrebiny ifakiwe kuwo womabili ama-Russian edition kanye nakwizifunda eziningi. Ngokuyinhloko, iqhawe le-athikili lifakiwe ohlwini lwezilwane ezingavamile zaseKrasnodar Territory.
ISteppe harrier yehlukile kwezinye izithiyo kuzimpaphe ezilula
Ngawo-1930, izinhlobo zezintaba zazaziwa njengokujwayelekile kuyo yonke intshonalanga yeCaucasus. Ngawo-1990s, kwakukhona kuphela amacala angawodwa okubukwa kwenyanga. Isilwane sihola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo. Kuyo yonke iRussia kunamaphesenti angama-5 000. Azikho ngaphezu kwe-100 kuso sonke isifunda esiseningizimu.
Njenge-hawk, i-harrier ilinganiselwa ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba besilisa bungamasentimitha angama-435-480, kanti kwabesifazane bangu-480-525. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, izinyoni zezinhlobo zezilwane zenze i-dimorphism yezocansi. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Amaphiko okugcina awadluli amasentimitha ayi-110. Kwabesifazane, inkomba ivame ukusondela ku-120.
Njengamanye ama-hawk, i-harrier inomlomo oxhumekile, imilenze eqinile enezimpaphe zezimpaphe kuze kufike emadolweni. Umzimba wenyoni mncane. Amanye ama-hawks ajiyile. Inyanga nayo ihlukaniswe kubo ngamaphiko amancane. Endizeni, iqhawe lesi sihloko lingadideka nge-seagull.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Ukusabalala kulo lonke elaseRussia kusuka emingceleni esentshonalanga kuya eMongolia. Iseduze naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeTransbaikalia. EMpumalanga, izinyoni zindiza ziye eYenisei. Baphinde bahlangane nezinyoni entshonalanga yeUral Range. Incazelo ye-harpe steppe inikezwe izakhamuzi zaseMinusinsk Basin lapho kuhlangana khona iKrasnoyarsk Territory neKhakassia.
Emingceleni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe, ama-loonies akhethe iCrimea, ugu olusenyakatho loLwandle Olumnyama, iTranscaucasia. Lapha, njengakwezinye izindawo, oklebe bakhetha ama-steppes omile ukuze baphile.
Uthando ngabo lubonakala egameni lohlobo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile. E-Stavropol Territory, ngokwesibonelo, le nyoni itholakala ezifundeni zasePodgorny nase-Andropovsky. Ziwumxhaphozi.
Kukhona okuhlukile mayelana nokuziphatha kwezinyoni. Ukuba nemfihlo inyoni ye-steppe harrier kwesinye isikhathi ihlasela amazinyane, amajuba afuywayo nezinyoni emakhejini athwalwa ngabanikazi aye emagcekeni. Kodwa-ke, ubudlwangudlwangu obunjalo bungachazwa ngokungabi bikho kokuhlinzekwa kokudla kwesihibe.
Ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu, izindawo ezifanele uklebe ziya ngokuya zincipha. Ukutholakala kokudla nakho kuyehla.
I-steppe harrier vula isithombe njalo esibhakabhakeni, noma emhlabeni. I-athikili ye-athikili ayinayo umkhuba wokuhlala ezihlahleni, noma ngabe, ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlala endaweni esemahlathini.
Esibhakabhakeni, i-harrier, njengawo wonke ama-hawks, inomusa, ayijahile. Ukundiza kwalenyoni kuyantengantenga kancane. Okuhlukile yisikhathi sentwasahlobo. Lesi isikhathi sokuzala. Umdanso wokukhwelana uchungechunge lokukhuphuka okubukhali ekuphakameni nasekujuleni okusheshayo. Abesifazane nabo benza "ukweqa", kepha kuncane ukubizwa.
Njengoba sezikhulise inzalo, izinyoni ezingama-steppe zindizela eningizimu. Iningi lifudukela e-Afrika. Babuyela eRussia ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho nje kuvela ama-glade. Yilapho kuqala khona imidlalo yokukhwelana.
Umsoco we-steppe harrier
ISteppe harrier - isilwane esidla ezinye... Ukuphambuka kwale nyoni endaweni evamile kuhlotshaniswa nokulutha kwenyama. Le enezimpaphe ingagibela ehlathini noma emaxhaphozini, uma kunamagundane amaningi. Ziwukudla okuyinhloko kwe-harrier.
Uma uqonda kune ngokuqondene ukondla kwi-steppe harrier, ama-voles, ama-gerbils, ama-jerboas afika engqondweni. Zonke ziyizinambuzane zomhlaba wezolimo. Kuvela ukuthi isikhubekiso singumsizi womlimi.
Iqhawe lendatshana lizingela ntambama. Kulula ukubona inyamazane encane emasimini ngokukhanya kwelanga. Kwesinye isikhathi, esikhundleni samagundane, isilwane sibamba izibankwa. Endizeni, i-harrier iyakwazi ukubamba izinyoni ezincane. Ngakho igcwele.
Ibona isisulu sayo, i-steppe harrier itshuza ngokushesha, yelule imilenze yayo phambili. Ngazo le nyoni ibamba isisulu otshanini. Izidladla zeqhawe le-athikili zinde. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola ukudla ngisho nasezimileni ezide. I-harrier isakaza umsila wayo phambi komhlaba. Umzingeli ubopha amabhuleki ngemuva kokutshuza ngesivinini esikhulu.
Izindawo zokuzingela zisatshalaliswa phakathi kwezinyoni. Inyanga ngayinye inobunzima bayo. Incane endaweni. Kubekwe umzila othile. Lapho indizela emagcekeni, umhlaseli uyayilandela. Ngakho-ke, njengomthetho, ungabona inyanga ezindaweni ezifanayo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ingathandi ukuhlala ezihlahleni, i-steppe harrier ayakhi izidleke kuyo. Amaqanda achanyela emhlabathini, ezindaweni zawo eziphansi, phakathi kwamatshe, kwesinye isikhathi emhlangeni. Asikho isidleke ngomqondo ojwayelekile. Amaqanda abekwa emgodini ogcwele utshani obuzungeze umngcele.
Izithiyo zesifazane zizalela amaqanda kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-7. Okujwayelekile - izingcezu ezi-5. Achanyelwa izinsuku ezingama-30-35. Inani elifanayo lisetshenziselwe ukukhulisa amachwane ephikweni. Inyanga nohhafu emva kokuzalwa kwabo, bakulungele ukundiza baye ezindaweni ezifudumele ukuze bahlale ebusika.
Isidleke se-steppe harrier namachwane
Ngenkathi zifukamela futhi zikhulisa amaphuphu, izithiyo ze-steppe zihlukaniswa nolaka lwazo. OKlebe bahlasela noma iziphi izitha, kungakhathalekile isimo sabo sengqondo, ubukhulu bazo. Abamele izinhlobo zezintaba abathambekele ekushiyekeni imikhuba yabo, besindisa "izikhumba" zabo.
Ngeminyaka engu-3, inyoni edla inyama isilungele ukuzala. Isikhathi sokuzala siphela eminyakeni eyi-17-18. Ama-steppe harriers aphile iminyaka engama-20-22. Ekuthunjweni, oklebe bangakwelula impilo yabo kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
