Itafula elincane. Uhlobo lwe-groupers lubandakanya izinhlobo eziyi-100. Ihlanganisa ubuhlobo babo nama-cichlids nama-perches. Lezi zokugcina zihlukaniswe imindeni. Omunye wabo yi-Stone Perch. AbakwaGroup badluliselwa kuye. Izinhlanzi zaphenduka amatshe ngenxa yokufana kwazo namatshe angaphansi. Isifaniso nabo siyaziphakamisa ngenxa yobukhulu, ukuma nombala wamaqembu.
Ezinye zinkulu kakhulu ukuthi zingamgwinya umuntu. Ngonyaka odlule emanzini ase-Afrika, inhlanzi yakwenza lokhu yatshuza. Le ndoda ikwazile ukubamba izigaxa yaphuma ngemigodi yayo eqinile. Ake sazi izinhlanzi ngaphandle. Kuphephe ngale ndlela.
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-fish grouper
Iqembu - inhlanzi, hhayi ngengozi efana netshe elingezansi. Abamele uhlobo lo bahlala phakathi kwamatshe ngaphansi kwekholamu yamanzi. Ama-perches adinga indawo yokufihla. Imizimba yezinhlanzi ipendwe njengamakhorali, amabhlogo egwadle namanye amadwala.
Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abaqoqa amaqembu aba yizigaxa. Ohlwini kukhona abamele abancane abanomzimba wobude obungamasentimitha angu-3-4. Izidalwa ezinhle ezigijimayo phakathi kwamakhorali ziyizihlobo zamaqembu eemitha ezi-3 asevele enesisindo esingaphansi kwengxenye yethani.
Kwakungalena eyangena emgibeni wolwandle olwandle i-Indian Ocean - indawo eyinhloko yabamele uhlobo lohlobo. Ngakho-ke, iningi labo liyayithanda imfudumalo. ERussia, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela kwezingu-100 zamaqembu zihlala.
Vuliwe isithombe se-fish grouper amehlo angahlukaniseki. Onke amalungu ohlobo lwawo mancane, ayindingilizi. Ngokuqondile, ubukhulu bekhanda kanye nohlaka lombono aluhambelani. Amakhanda amaqoqo makhulu, abanzi, anemihlathi ehlaba umxhwele.
Iningi lama-rock perches yizilwane ezidla inyama ngaphandle ezihambisana nezinga lazo. Ukuqina namandla ezinhlanzi kubangela ukuhlangana nezigebengu ezinjalo. Banamandla, banonya futhi abafundeki.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-diver akusona ukuphela kwesibonelo sezifiso zeqhawe. Ngo-2014, ngokwesibonelo, ngasogwini lwaseMelika lweBonito Springs, itshe lamatshe lagwinya ushaka. Izindaba ezinokuqinisekiswa kwezithombe zishicilelwe ngabakwaMetro.
Lo mbhalo uthi ubude bakashaka babungaba ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Ukuduma kwezulu kolwandle kwagqashula igwegwe lomdobi futhi kwawela emlonyeni weqembu, owayebamba isisulu ekujuleni kolwandle.
Izihlobo zensimbi zizingela ikakhulukazi kusihlwa nasebusuku. Izilwane zihlasela izisulu zazo. Umjaho wezisulu uyivelakancane. Imvamisa, izidalwa zamatshe ziyenqena ukuzingela. Izidalwa ezibhukuda zidlula izindawo zokufihla iqembu zibe ukudla. Ama-perches aphuma kuphela ngemuva kwesisulu, yize eshesha.
Lapho kutholakala khona izinhlanzi zamanzi
Iqhawe lesi sihloko ukhetha amanzi afudumele futhi anosawoti. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo, kukhona okuhlukile. Amanye amalungu ohlobo ahlala emifuleni nasemachibini amasha. Emanzini ase-Australia, isibonelo, uMcCulochella uhlala. Ngaphandle nangosayizi, ayihlukile kakhulu kunembokodo ejwayelekile. Ngokwehluka okusobala, umbala uyagqama. UMcCulochella uyakhanya.
Njengoba usawoti wedamu ungesona isinqumo esinqumayo ekukhetheni indawo yokuhlala amapheku amatshe, khona-ke kukhona enye. Lena indawo engezansi. Ukuze sicashe kuso, isilwane sidinga izindawo zokukhosela zemvelo. Ziyadingeka futhi ngamaqembu kuma-aquariums.
Abamele abancane bohlobo bangagcinwa ekhaya. E-aquarium, ama-groupers awathobeki uma unikeza indawo engezansi enzima nokuphakelwa okuhle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izilwane ezifuywayo ziqala ukudla ezinye izakhamuzi echibini lokufakelwa.
Kuvela ukuthi iqhawe le-athikili alitholakali emfuleni noma echibini, eligcwele isihlabathi. Udinga amatshe amakhulu, amadwala ama-coral, ama-polyps, izinqwaba zemikhumbi eshonile nezithombe, imihume engezansi namatshe. Futhi, idamu kumele lijule ngokwanele.
Khumbula ukuthi ama-rock perches amaningi makhulu. Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zikhetha ukusuka ebusweni. Ukuhlala eduze nogu kuyingozi futhi kuyabaphazamisa. Ukujula kwendawo ejwayelekile yendawo yokuhlala ngamamitha ayi-15-150.
Uma isihlabathi sibekezelelwa yimbokodo yamatshe embalwa, khona-ke eziningi zisekela udaka. Ungacwilisa kuwo, uzifihle, akukho kubi ukwedlula phakathi kwamatshe amakhulu.
Kuke kube nezimo lapho, ngokubanjwa ngephutha, amaqembu amakhulu ahudulela abatshuzi bezikebhe ekujuleni
Echibini, hhayi kuphela phansi okubalulekile, kodwa futhi nokuphila ngaphezu komfula, ichibi, ulwandle. Lapho, amaqembu abahlanganyeli, isibonelo, ama-pelicans. Izinyoni zihlasela izikole zezinhlanzi, futhi amaqhawe endatshana adla labo, ngokwesaba, abalwa nenqwaba. Ngasikhathi sinye, isikole esiyinhloko, lapho sibona imvelo yama-perches, sesivele sesaba ukudilika, sithokozisa ama-pelican. Ngakho-ke, amadwala ahlala emizimbeni yamanzi anomakhelwane abafiselekayo eduze kwabo.
Iqhawe lendatshana nalo linabahlanganyeli kukholamu lamanzi. Olwandle, isibonelo, ukuxhumana nama-moray eels sekusunguliwe. Lezi zamuva zifana nezinyoka futhi zixosha izinhlanzi emapasejini amancane, izindawo zokukhosela phakathi kwamatshe namakhorali. Abaqoqi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bafuna inyamazane yama-moray eel blind. Impango ihlukaniswe kalula: noma ngubani owagwinya kuqala waba nenhlanhla.
Phakathi kwezilwandle, amaqoqo atholakala eNdiya, ePacific nase-Atlantic. I-Perch ikhethe amadamu amanzi ahlanzekile e-Australia, eningizimu nasempumalanga yeRussia, e-Asia naseMelika. Ngokuvamile, ukwabiwa kwezinhlobo zomndeni kubanzi, yize kungalingani. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, amaqembu, kahle, e-Indian Ocean.
Izinhlobo zamaqembu
Ummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke bohlobo lweqembu yi-giant grouper. I-brownish enamabala we-beige ngemuva emnyama. Ukugcwaliswa kwangemuva nobukhulu bamabala akhanyayo kuncike ebudaleni bomuntu lowo. Eminyakeni edlule, umbala uba mnyama. Amaphiko ezinhlanzi afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20 ubude, ngokwesibonelo, aphuzi, kanti lawo ma-perches amade amamitha asevele ansundu.
Igama lesibili lezinhlobo ezinkulu yi-Indian Ocean enamehlo amancane. Kodwa-ke, kusuka e-Indian Ocean, lolu hlobo lwasakazekela ePacific nase-Atlantic. Eminyakeni eminingana edlule, ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi izinhlobo ezingaphansi kohlobo olukhulu kakhulu zihlala e-Atlantic nasemanzini azolile. Phambilini, babebhekwa njengohlobo olulodwa. Ososayensi bathi lezi zinguquko ezincane zibangelwe i-Isthmus yasePanama.
Iqale ukwakheka eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-2,5 edlule. Ngokuhlukanisa ulwandle olwake lwaba munye, i-Isthmus iye yathonya isimo sezulu nhlangothi zombili. Izinhlanzi ezisele kulezi noma kulawo manzi kwakufanele zivumelane nezimo ezintsha.
Kunemininingwane yokuthi i-giant grouper iyakwazi ukudla ushaka
Kukuqembu lamaqembu amakhulu lapho kuhlanganiswa khona amaqiniso okudla oshaka nokuzama ukubulala abantu. Amacala akamuva ahlukile. Imvamisa, amatshe edwala ahamba kuphela nabatshuzi ngaphandle kokuhlasela. Ama-Pisces akhombisa ilukuluku, kepha hhayi ulaka.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, izinhlobo ze-Indian Ocean zihlala ngaphandle kwe-aquarium. Ngoba wakhethwa iqembu elibomvu... Yaqanjwa ngombala. Iwolintshi futhi ibomvu. Ama-peas "olwandle" atholakala ngokumelene nesizinda esikhulu.
Njengama-specimens amakhulu, ama-red alula ebusheni futhi amnyama ekugugeni. Izinhlanzi ezikhangayo kulula ukuzigcina. Ngisho nama-aquarist ama-novice athatha ama-bass amatshe. Ubude beqembu elibomvu lifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40-45.
Inkinga okugcina ngayo ukuhlukumeza abantu bohlobo lwabo. Ukuthatha izingcwecwe ezimbalwa ezibomvu, zidinga ukuhlinzeka isikhala nenqwaba yezindawo zokukhosela. Ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa isikhala sokuhlala, amaqhawe e-athikili alungele ukubekezelelana.
Ama-perches akhonjisiwe nawo ayiswa kuma-aquariums. Futhi zinamabala, kepha ukumaka kuyinhlangothi, njengamakhekheba oju. Okuphrintiwe kunsundu futhi ingemuva lilonke libomvu ngokubomvu. Ngemuva kunezindawo ezi-2 ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinemiphetho engalingani. Kwesinye isikhathi, kunezimpawu zokukhanya esiswini sesilwane. Lapha amabala mancane.Iqoqo elinamabala kukhulu kunobomvu ngamasentimitha angu-3-15.
Kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukufaka umthumeli ku-aquarium. Lolu hlobo lunemigqa. Uma kungengenxa yamaphiko aphuzi, umbala ubungafana nombala wamadube. Cishe imivimbo emnyama ifakwe ngaphakathi emhlophe. Ukushintshaniswa kolayini kungamamitha ayi-1.5 ubude. Lobu ubude be-senderong. Ngakho-ke, ivolumu ephansi ye-aquarium umuntu ngamunye ngama-3000 litres.
ISenderong yinde kakhulu kunezingqimba eziningi, isicwecwe eceleni. Lokhu akusivimbi isilwane ekudleni izikhathi ezi-2 kunamanye amaqembu angamaqoqo alinganayo. Ukuminza kwabamele izinhlobo zezilwane kunzima ngokwengeziwe ekugcineni ekhaya.
Esithombeni Senderong perch
Izintanta emanzini olwandle futhi amazambane grouper... Ngesitshalo sezimpande, isilwane sihlobene nombala. Zonke ezinye izakhi azifani neze namazambane. Inhlanzi ifinyelela kubude bemitha elilodwa nohhafu, futhi ingaba nesisindo esifinyelela ku-110 kilograms. Ubungako lobu abufaki ukusetshenziswa kwesilwane ekudleni. Inyama yamazambane amakhulu inzima futhi ayinambitheki.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhweba phakathi kwama-rock perches yi-coral. Le nhlanzi ihlala kuma-coral futhi ifana nayo ngombala. Ama-polyps ezansi, empeleni, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amhlophe, futhi amnyama. Kepha amakhorali amaningi abomvu. Kanjalo nama-coral bass. Phakathi komndeni waso, lesi silwane sinosayizi ophakathi nendawo. Abantu abanesisindo esingu-15-20 kilograms babhekwa njenge-trophy. Lesisisindo sijwayelekile ezinhlanzini ezingaba yimitha ubude.
Igama le-perch enamafutha livusa isifiso sokudla. Iphila ngokuvumelana negama, ijabulisa abathandi bezinhlanzi ezinamafutha. Izinso zesilwane nazo ziyafana namafutha. Izikali zinemibala efana nebhekeni elibhemayo. OLwandle Olubomvu, babamba ama-250 kilos of perch anamafutha.
Ungakwazi ukugcina kahle isinqumelo nenyama. Sizochaza ukuthi singakwenza kanjani lokhu esahlukweni esilandelayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, sizojwayelana nezinhlobo eziningi zama-groupers. Konke okungu-100 akunakuchazwa, kepha okuyinhloko kufanelekile ukubalwa.
Amazambane kaGrouper aqanjwa ngokufana kwawo nombala we-tuber amazambane
Ukubamba ukuqoqa iqembu
Kuyisiko ukubamba amaqembu ngesikhathi sokudoba ngomkhonto. Iningi lezinhlobo ziliphonsa lapho lijikijelwa phansi, kepha thatha umugqa ungene kumakhorali aminyene. Ngenxa yalokhu, azikho izinhlanzi, akukho gear. Lesi sakamuva sibhajwe endaweni engezansi.
Akuyona yonke imishini engafinyelela phansi. Njengoba kunendawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-15-150, amanye amalungu omndeni ahlala ngezansi. Ngakho-ke, i-comet perch igxuma ngamamitha angama-350. Amamitha angama-50 ngaphansi kuyinto ejwayelekile yokubukeka okunamafutha. Izinhlanzi zamakhorali zihlukile. Ingabanjwa futhi ekujuleni kwamamitha ama-4.
Abatshuzi bazama ukungabhukudi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-150. Lapha ungabamba izinhlanzi zamazambane, ama-giant, amnyama akhombe. Lezi zamuva zibomvu, kodwa zibe mnyama emakhaleni.
Ama-groupers atholakala ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha ayi-100
Amamitha ayi-150 ukujula okuthandayo kwentela yaseMalabar. Kubuye kube nokuhweba, kufinyelela kuma-150 kilograms. Ngokwenza lokhu, abantu baseMalabar babanjwa besebenzisa imichilo ye-squid njengesithiyelo. Amaqembu anamafutha, ama-coral awakwenqabi lokhu kudla. Lezi zinsuku zisalokhu zifuna ibarracuda, i-horse mackerel.
Amaqembu amaningi athanda ukudla ama-crustaceans. Ama-perches amancane avame ukugoba kuwo. Abantu abangakwazi ukugwinya umuntu abazingela inyamazane enkulu, isibonelo, i-mackerel, i-herring. Ama-giants ngokwawo kufanele azingelwe kuphela ngendlela yakudala. Unikeza umdobi ukwesekwa. Ngesikhathi sokudoba umkhonto, amaqembu amakhulu avele ahudulele abatshuzi baye ezansi, njengolwelwe olubanjwe onqenqemeni.
Imigqa ebukhali yamazinyo weqembu ayikwazi ukuluma hhayi kuphela umugqa wokudoba, amathambo, kodwa kanye negobolondo lofudu. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nazo ziba yisisulu seqhawe le-athikili. Uma efisa, angavele amunce ufudu, ngakho abaqoqi bavule imilomo yabo kakhulu. Ukudla kumunca ngqo emqaleni.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo ye-grouper
Amaqhawe endatshana angama-hermaphrodites, akhiqiza isidoda, ngenkathi ene-ovary. Inhlanzi uqobo ikhiqiza amaqanda bese iyayivundisa uqobo lwayo. Isifunda sibonakala siphelele. Noma kunjalo, izakhi zofuzo ezintsha ziyadingeka. Inhlanzi eyodwa iyikopisha ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Kancane kancane, ufuzo luyehla. Ngakho-ke, ama-groupers athanda ukuxhumana namanye amalungu ezinhlobo.
I-Hemaphrodism yamaqembu idlala ezandleni zama-aquarists. Ngokuthenga umuntu oyedwa, bangathola eziningi zamahhala. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuyingozi yokugcina izingcweti zamadwala.
Ungayitholaphi i-aquarium esayizi elungile yomhlambi wamaqembu? Ezimweni eziminyene, zizofa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bafa endle, badliwe yizilwane ezinkulu.
Isikhathi esiphakeme senhlanzi yetshe sifaniswa naleso se-perch. Abantu abaneminyaka eyikhulu bashona beneminyaka engama-30. Isisindo esikhulu sinelisekile ngeminyaka eyi-10-15.
