Ubukhona isibungu emhlabathini yiphupho lokugcina lanoma yimuphi umlimi. Bangabasizi abahle kwezolimo. Ukuze benze indlela yabo, kufanele bahambe kakhulu ngaphansi komhlaba.
Benze umhlaba wathela kakhulu ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka. Ngezinsuku zemvula, zingabonakala phansi, kodwa akulula ukubamba. Banomzimba owanele wemisipha wokucasha kumuntu ongaphansi komhlaba ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.
Bahlala endaweni esemqoka ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi, beyinothisa nge-humus nangezinto eziningi ezibalulekile, okwenza isivuno sibe phezulu kakhulu. Lokhu umsebenzi wemisundu. Livelaphi leli gama? Ngesikhathi semvula, izimbobo zangaphansi komhlaba zemibungu yomhlaba zigcwaliswa ngamanzi, ngenxa yalokhu kufanele bakhase baphume.
Ungayichaza kanjani i-biohumus? Kuyinto emangalisayo elawula umswakama womhlabathi kahle. Lapho inhlabathi ingenamanzi, iyakhishwa kwi-humus, futhi okuphambene nalokho, ngokuningi kwayo, i-vermicompost imunca kalula.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lezi zidalwa ezingenamaphiko zingakhiqiza kanjani izinto ezibaluleke kangaka, kwanele ukuqonda ukuthi zidla kanjani nokuthi kudlani. Ubumnandi bazo obuthandayo izinsalela ezibolile ngengxenye zomhlaba wezitshalo, lezi zidalwa ezidla kanyekanye nomhlabathi.
Inhlabathi ixutshwe nezithasiselo zemvelo ngenkathi ihamba ngaphakathi kwesibungu. Emikhiqizweni kadoti yalezi zidalwa, inani lezinto ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ezitshalweni likhulu ngokuphindwe kaningi.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwemisundu
Lezi zidalwa zibhekwa njengezikelemu ezinamabhilidi amancane. Umzimba womsundu inobude obuhluke kakhulu. Isuka ku-2 cm iye kumamitha ayi-3. Kunezingxenye ezingama-80 kuye kwangama-300. Isakhiwo somsundu womhlaba eyinqaba futhi ezithakazelisayo.
Zihamba ngosizo lwama-bristles amafushane. Kukuzo zonke izingxenye. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yilokho kwangaphakathi; abanasethi. Inombolo yama-setae nayo ayicaci, kukhona ayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu, isibalo sifinyelela kweshumi nambili. Ukusetha okuningi kwizikelemu ezivela ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Ngokuqondene nokujikeleza kwegazi lomsundu, kuvaliwe futhi kuthuthukiswe kahle. Umbala wegazi labo ubomvu. Lezi zidalwa ziphefumula zibonga ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana azo esikhumba.
Nasesikhunjeni kukhona isikhwehlela esikhethekile sokuzivikela. Izindlela zabo zokupheka ezizwelayo azithuthukisiwe ngokuphelele. Azinazo nhlobo izitho ezibonakalayo. Esikhundleni salokho, kunamaseli akhethekile esikhunjeni asabela ekukhanyeni.
Ezindaweni ezifanayo kukhona ukunambitheka okufihlekile, iphunga nokuthinta. Izikelemu zinekhono elithuthukile lokuzivuselela. Bangalulama kalula ekulimaleni kwengxenye yabo engemuva yomzimba.
Umndeni omkhulu wezikelemu, osekubhekwe ngawo manje, uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200. Izikelemu zomhlaba zizinhlobo ezimbili. Zinezici ezihlukile. Konke kuncike endleleni yokuphila kanye nezici zebhayoloji. Isigaba sokuqala sifaka izikelemu zomhlaba ezizitholela ukudla emhlabathini. Lezi zokugcina zithola ukudla kwazo kuso.
Izikelemu ezithola ukudla kwazo ngaphansi komhlaba zibizwa ngokuthi izibungu zokulala futhi azijuli ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 ngaphansi kwenhlabathi futhi azijuli ngisho nalapho umhlaba ubanda noma womile. Izikelemu ezilahlayo ngesinye isigaba semibungu. Lezi zidalwa zingacwila zijule kancane kunezedlule, ngo-20 cm.
Okokugquma izikelemu ezondla ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, ukujula okuphezulu kuqala kusuka kumitha elilodwa kuya phansi. Izikelemu zeBurrow ngokuvamile kunzima ukuzibona ngaphezulu. Cishe azikaze zivele lapho. Ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhwelana noma sokondla, aziphumi ngokuphelele emigodini yazo.
Impilo yesibungu Ukugqekeza ngokuphelele kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni kudlula kujule ngaphansi komhlaba emsebenzini wezolimo. Izikelemu zomhlaba zitholakala yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwasezindaweni ezibandayo ze-arctic. Izikelemu zokugaya nokulala zikhululekile enhlabathini eminyene.
Zitholakala osebeni lwemizimba yamanzi, ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi nasezindaweni ezishisayo ezinesimo sezulu esiswakeme. I-taiga ne-tundra zithandwa yizibi nezikelemu zomhlabathi. Futhi inhlabathi ihamba phambili ku-steppe chernozems.
Kuzo zonke izindawo bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kepha bazizwa bekhululeke kakhulu izibungu zomhlaba emhlabathini amahlathi e-coniferous-broadleaf. Ehlobo, zihlala eduze kobuso bomhlaba, kuthi ebusika zicwile ngokujule kakhulu.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yomsundu
Iningi lempilo yalaba bantu abangenazimpiko lidlula ngaphansi komhlaba. Kungani imisundu zikhona kaningi? Lokhu kubagcina bephephile. Amanethiwekhi emigwaqo ekujuleni okuhlukahlukene aye ambiwa ngaphansi komhlaba yilezi zidalwa.
Banomhlaba wonke ongaphansi lapho. Amafinyila ayabasiza ukuthi bazulazule ngisho nasemhlabathini onzima kakhulu. Abakwazi ukuba ngaphansi kwelanga isikhathi eside, kubo kufana nokufa ngoba banesikhumba esincane kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kuyingozi yangempela kubo, ngakho-ke, ngezinga elikhulu, izibungu zingaphansi komhlaba futhi kuphela lapho kunemvula, kunamafu sezulu okukhasa phezulu.
Izikelemu zikhetha ukuba sebusuku. Kusebusuku lapho ungathola khona inani elikhulu lazo ebusweni bomhlaba. Ekuqaleni izibungu zomhlaba emhlabathini shiya ingxenye yomzimba wabo ukuze bahlole isimo futhi kungemva kokuba isikhala esiseduze singabesabisanga lutho baphumela ngaphandle kancane kancane ukuze bathole ukudla kwabo.
Umzimba wabo uyakwazi ukwelula ngokuphelele. Inani elikhulu lama-bristles wesibungu ligoba emuva, elisivikela ezintweni ezingaphandle. Akunakwenzeka ukukhipha isibungu sonke ukuze ungasiphuli, ngoba ngenhloso yokuzivikela sinamathela ezindongeni zomgodi ngama-bristles aso.
Izikelemu zomhlaba kwesinye isikhathi zikhula zibe nkulu impela
Sekuvele kushiwo lokho indima yezibungu zomhlaba kuyamangaza kubantu. Abagcini nje ngokukhulisa inhlabathi bese beyigcwalisa ngezinto eziwusizo, kepha futhi bayayixegisa, futhi lokhu kunegalelo ekusetshenzisweni kwenhlabathi nge-oxygen. Ebusika, ukuze baphile emakhazeni, kufanele bajule, ukuze bangazitholi isithwathwa bese bewela ebusika.
Bezwa ukufika kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini oshisayo nasemanzini emvula, aqala ukuzungeza emigodini yabo. Ngokufika kwentwasahlobo kuphuma umbungu futhi uqala umsebenzi wakhe we-agrotechnical.
Ukudla umbungu
I-omnivore engenakuphela. Izitho zomsundu womhlaba zenzelwe ukuthi zikwazi ukugwinya inani elikhulu lomhlabathi. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, kusetshenziswa amaqabunga abolile, konke ngaphandle kokunuka kanzima futhi okungathandeki kwesibungu, kanye nezitshalo ezintsha.
Lesi sibalo sikhombisa ukwakheka kwesibungu somhlaba
Bahudulela konke lokhu kudla ngaphansi komhlaba bese beqala ukudla lapho vele. Abayithandi imithambo yamaqabunga; izibungu zisebenzisa kuphela ingxenye ethambile yeqabunga. Kuyaziwa ukuthi iminyundu yizidalwa ezonga imali.
Amaqabunga agcinwa emigodini yawo, ayigoqeka ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi bemba umgodi okhethekile wokugcina ukudla. Bagcwalisa umgodi ngokudla bese bewumboza ngegoda lomhlabathi. Musa ukuvakashela igumbi labo kuze kudingeke.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sembungu
Lawa ma-hermaphrodites angenasiphetho. Bakhangwa iphunga. Ziyakhwelana, zixhumane nolwelwesi lwazo lwamafinyila futhi, zikhulelwe, zishintshanisa isidoda.
Umbungu wesibungu ugcinwa emkhukhwini oqinile ebhande lomzali. Akavezwa ngisho nangezinto ezinzima kakhulu zangaphandle. Ngokuvamile kuzalwa isibungu esisodwa. Baphila iminyaka eyi-6-7.
