Yini engaba ngcono kumdobi kunokubamba okuhle? Enye yezindebe zokudoba zasolwandle ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezibalulekile ikhodi. Kuyintokozo ukumbamba. Lokhu kuyinto efana nomncintiswano wezemidlalo.
Iningi elibanjiwe izinhlanzi ze-cod eNorway. Njalo ngonyaka ensimini yaleli zwe kunemincintiswano yomhlaba emdlalweni wokudoba le nhlanzi emangalisayo. Yilapha lapho kubanjwe khona irekhodi lomnikazi werekhodi, elalinesisindo esingaba ngu-100 kg futhi lalinobude obuyimitha elilodwa nengxenye.
Ingelinye lamalungu avame kakhulu emndenini we-cod. Kukhona ama-subspecies amaningi. Ezikhathini zasendulo, lalibizwa "labardan". Ezweni lanamuhla, lalibizwa nge-cod ngenxa yenyama yalo ehlukile, evame ukuqhekeka ngemuva kokoma.
Le yinguqulo yokuqala. Abanye bathi i-cod ibizwa ngaleyo ndlela, ngoba imihlambi yayo emikhulu, ngenkathi ihambela ukuzala, yenza uhlobo lomsindo oqhumayo. Lo msindo ukhiqizwa ngokungazithandi kulezi zinhlanzi ngenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha yesinye sokubhukuda.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwekhodi
Ukukhula kwe-cod akuyeki kukho konke ukuphila kwayo. Iningi labo ulwandle cod sebeneminyaka emithathu ubudala banobude obungu-45-55 cm.Imingcele yabantu abadala incike ngokuphelele endaweni yabo yokuphila nasendleleni abaphila ngayo. Okukhulu kakhulu, njengoba sekushiwo, kungaba ngamamitha ayi-1.5-2 ubude nesisindo esingu-95 kg.
Bukela i isithombe se-cod uyabona ukuthi umzimba wenhlanzi umise okokuphotha. Ipheya lamaphiko endunu nezimpiko ezintathu ngemuva liyabonakala kuso. Inhloko yenhlanzi inkulu ngemihlathi engalingani.
Umhlathi ongezansi mncane ngokuphawulekayo kunowaphezulu. Uphawu lwayo yonke izinhlobo ze-cod yi-tendril ekhula esilevini. Isikali salezi zinhlanzi asisikhulu futhi asimile. Iphethwe yimibala eluhlaza, ephuzi kanye neye-olive, ehambisana nezindawo ezincane ezinsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangothi zihlala zilula ukwedlula ngemuva, futhi isisu simhlophe ngokuphelele noma siphuzi ngokukhanyayo.
Kuhlobo lwe-cod, kunezinhlobo zayo ezine, lapho i-pollock yethulwe khona kungekudala:
— Ikhodi yase-Atlantic kubhekwe njengenkulu kunazo zonke lezi zinhlanzi. Ingakhula ize ifike kumamitha amabili ubude, isisindo sayo singama-95 kg. Isisu sayo simhlophe qwa kanti ngemuva kunsundu noma umnqumo, ngamanye amathoni aluhlaza. Lezi zinhlobo ze-cod zihlala ikakhulukazi eBaltic Sea naseGreenland.
— Ikhodi yasePacific incanyana kune-Atlantic. Ikhula ize ifike ku-120 cm, ngesisindo esingu-23 kg. Ngaphandle, ifana kakhulu nekhodi lase-Atlantic. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yinhloko yakhe, ebanzi kakhulu futhi inkudlwana. I-North Pacific Ocean, i-Bering Sea, i-Sea of Okhotsk kanye ne-Sea of Japan yindawo yokuhlala yalezi zinhlobo ze-cod.
— Ikhodi yaseGreenland ifana kakhulu nolwandle iPacific, kuphela ngosayizi omncane. Ubude, le nhlanzi ifinyelela ku-77 cm, ngokulandelana, futhi isisindo sayo sincane kancane. Ukwahlulela ngegama lezinhlanzi, ungayithola kaningi eGreenland.
- IPollock inomzimba omncane. Ubude bayo obukhulu bungafika kuma-cm 90. Futhi isisindo sayo asikho ngaphezu kwe-4 kg. Ngaphandle, i-pollock inokufana nazo zonke izinhlobo zekhodi. UPollock ukhetha amanzi aneqhwa ePacific naseNyakatho yolwandle. Iminyaka yokuqala ye-cod ayisebenzi kakhulu. Uyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Cod cishe ayikaze ingene emanzini olwandle oluseningizimu.
Unikeza okuthandayo emanzini abandayo olwandle olusenyakatho, atholakala kuphela enyakatho nenkabazwe. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zalezi zinhlanzi zitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic.
Kepha ngakho konke lokhu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu futhi alithandi i-cod. Izinhlanzi zizizwa zikhululekile kakhulu emanzini ezinokushisa okungu-1-10 degrees Celsius. Ezindaweni lapho amanzi ebanda khona kakhulu, i-cod inyukela ezingxenyeni zayo ezingaphezulu futhi ichitha isikhathi esiningi lapho.
Inhlanzi, enezimo ezinjalo, ingahamba kalula kusuka ezingqwembeni ezansi iye ebugqineni bemifudlana yamanzi. Lesi sici sisiza i-cod ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo yayo. Kepha akupheleli lapho.
I-Cod incamela ukuhlala esikoleni, ingashintsha kalula ukujula futhi ngokufanele isuke kuhlobo oluthile lokudla iye kolunye. Le nhlanzi enkulu kakhulu ikhula ngokushesha futhi ingenye yezinhlanzi eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Abantu bakubheka "njengesipho esivela kuNkulunkulu" ngoba akukho lutho olulahlwa kude nokubanjisiwe. Isibindi se-cod gcwalisa isisu sakhe. Ngemuva kokulungiswa okukhethekile, amathambo ayo nawo afanele ukusetshenziswa. Futhi ikhanda nakho konke okunye okuphakathi ngemuva kokupheka kungumanyolo omuhle kakhulu.
Le nhlanzi yokuhweba inezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle. Kepha kukhona nezinhlangothi ezingezinhle ku-cod. Kwesinye isikhathi, yize kungenjalo kaningi, izimuncagazi zingatholakala kule nhlanzi. Ingaqukatha izibungu zesikelemu eziyingozi emzimbeni womuntu. Ngakho-ke, lapho usika, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela ingaphakathi lezinhlanzi kanye nesinqe sayo.
Ngisho nangemva kokucutshungulwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, inyama ibeka ingozi enkulu kubantu, ngoba ingabathelela izikelemu. Isibindi se-cod singaqukatha futhi i-nematode helminths. Ukuzibona esibindini, zidinga ukusikwa zibe yizicucu ezincane kuphela. Eziningi zalezi zimanga zitholakala enyameni ekheniwe kanye nesibindi se-cod.
Abaningi bayazibuza i-sea cod noma inhlanzi yomfula. Akunampendulo ecacile. Ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zayo sezijwayele ukuhlala emanzini ahlanzekile.
Ikhodi yomfula cishe ayihlukile kudadewabo wasolwandle, idatha efanayo yangaphandle, indlela efanayo yokuphila nobude bayo. Umehluko wabo kuphela ukuthi i-cod yamanzi ahlanzekile ingavuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ingahambisi amabanga amade njengezinhlanzi zasolwandle.
Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila kwekhodi
Kokubili isimilo nendlela yokuphila yekhodi kuhambisana ngokuphelele nendawo ehlala kuyo. I-Pacific cod ithanda ukuhlala phansi. Ngesizini, ingahamba kuphela ibanga elifushane. Ngesikhathi esibandayo sasebusika, bakhetha ukuba sebunzimeni obungamamitha angama-30-55. Futhi lapho kuqala ukushisa, baphinde bahamba ngomkhumbi baya ogwini.
I-Atlantic cod incike ngokuphelele kwimisinga yolwandle. Ukuthuthela isikhathi eside kukuhlelekile kwezinto kuye. Ngesikhathi sokubhukuda okunjalo, izikole zezinhlanzi zimboza amabanga amade ukusuka endaweni edala kuya ekukhuluphaliseni. Kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela ku-1.5,000 km.
Esithombeni, i-Atlantic cod
I-Cod incamela ukubhukuda emanzini ajulile. Kepha, uma edinga ukubamba inyamazane, ukhuphuka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Empeleni, lokhu akuyona inhlanzi yokufunda impela. Kepha ungabona imihlambi yakhe emikhulu kulezi zindawo lapho kunokudla okuningi khona.
Ukudla kwe-cod
Yinhlanzi edla ezinye. Futhi umnyombo wayo odlayo usuvele ubonakaliswe eneminyaka emithathu. Kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ubudala, i-cod isebenzisa ama-plankton nama-crustaceans amancane. Kumuntu omdala, okuyisibiliboco esiyintandokazi yi-capelin, i-saury, i-herring, i-Arctic cod, i-sprat ne-smelt. I-cannibalism iyamukeleka phakathi kwezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi ezinkulu ngokuvamile zingadla ezincane.
I-Pacific cod iphakela i-pollock, navaga, izikelemu kanye ne-shellfish. Ngaphezu kwenhlanzi, i-cod ingadla izinambuzane ezincane ezingenamgogodla, ezingaphezulu kokwanele olwandle.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokuphila kwekhodi
I-cod ifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi ineminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala. Ku-pollock, konke lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngeminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala bakulungele ukubeletha. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho izinhlanzi ziqala khona ukuya ezindaweni zokuzalela.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lesi senzakalo esibalulekile senzeka ku-cod. Abesifazane baqala ukuzala cishe ngamamitha ayi-100. Le nqubo ithatha amasonto ambalwa. Abesifazane baphonsa amaqanda ezingxenyeni ezithile. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa useduze futhi uvundisa amaqanda. Lezi ngezinye zezinhlanzi ezizala kakhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa angazala amaqanda ayizigidi ezingama-500 kuya kweziyisithupha.
Amaqanda e-Pacific cod ahlala olwandle futhi anamathiselwe ezitshalweni ezingezansi. I-roe yekhodi yase-Atlantic ithwalwa iye kude kakhulu enyakatho ngamanje futhi gazinga kukhiqizwa eduze nezindawo ezisenyakatho. I-cod iphila ngokwesilinganiso kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
Ukudoba ama-cod
Ukubamba le nhlanzi bekulokhu kujabulisa. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, iluma isibungu esiphilayo, ikakhulukazi imisundu. Indlela yangempela yokuyibamba "ukuhlola". Ngasikhathi sinye, ingwegwe enesithiyelo iphonswa ijule emanzini, bese idonswa phezulu futhi ukubamba akuthathi isikhathi eside.
Esithombeni, okuhlukile kokuphaka ikhodi ephekiwe
Ungayipheka kanjani i-cod
Izitsha ezinhle zingalungiswa ngale nhlanzi. Kumnandi kakhulu futhi kunempilo ikhodi ye-cod. I-cod isikheniwe, ifakwe emanzini anosawoti, ithosiwe, iyisitshulu, iyabiliswa, isawoti Kumnandi cod kuhhavini.
Ngalokhu udinga ukugeza kahle i-cod fillet, usawoti kanye nepelepele, ubeke ishidi lokubhaka. Ngokwehlukana, hlanganisa izingxenye ezifanayo zemayonnaise nokhilimu omuncu. Faka ijusi kalamula kanye nesinaphi esincane kule sauce.
Thela izibopho zezinhlanzi ngalokhu okuqukethwe bese ufaka kuhhavini elishisayo isigamu sehora. Isitsha kuvela ukuthi simnandi futhi sinempilo. Abakwazi ukwehlukanisa imenyu yabo kuphela, kepha futhi bondla umzimba ngezinto eziningi eziwusizo nezinto izinhlanzi ezicebile ngazo.
