Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Umzimba womnenke imbaza yedube etholakala ngaphakathi kusinki othembekile oqinile, oyivikelayo emathonyeni amabi angaphandle. Igobolondo ngokwalo linama-valve amabili afanayo, njenganoma iyiphi enye i-bivalve.
"Indlu" yemollusk ebudaleni ifinyelela kumasentimitha angu-4-5 ubude namasentimitha amathathu ububanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, umbala ungahluka kakhulu - kusuka ophuzi okhanyayo kuye kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza. Iningi lama-mollusk litholakala emanzini anosawoti, yize igama lawo eliphelele emithonjeni eminingi livela njenge “Umfula iDreissena«.
Abantu abaningi kakhulu batholakala olwandle i-Azov nolumnyama, futhi amanzi olwandle lwaseCaspian nase-Aral acebile eDreissens. Ngaphandle kwamanzi anosawoti, la ma-mollusk angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nempilo emithonjeni ehlanzekile egelezayo, ngakho-ke angatholakala cishe kunoma yimiphi imizimba yamanzi e-Eurasia.
Esithombeni umfula iDreissena
I-shellfish isetshenziswa kabanzi ngabantu njengesihlungi semvelo samanzi, ngoba imbaza yedube, njengoba idlulise amanzi ngokwawo, iyawahlanza futhi iyicebise ngezinto ezinomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwe-algae.
Ngakho-ke, e-aquarium ejwayelekile yasekhaya, imbaza yedube isebenza njengesihlungi esiwusizo nokuhlobisa, futhi ibuye ihambisane kahle nanoma iziphi ezinye izakhamuzi zayo. Vuliwe isithombe se-zebra mussel bheka umxhwele ozungezwe izinto zokuhlobisa.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
UDreissena - imbaza ehambayo, okuthi, ngenxa yokuhluka kwendlela yokuphila, kancane kancane ithathe futhi ihlalise izindawo zokuhlala ezintsha, ezisakazeka emanzini omhlaba wonke. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yizifunda ezisenyakatho, lapho kubanda kakhulu umnenke. Imollusk ihamba emhlabeni wonke, izinamathela ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kwamanzi zemikhumbi nezikebhe, futhi intaba iyanda sonke isikhathi esifudumele.
Ukujula okunethezeka kakhulu komnenke ngamamitha ayi-1-2. Kodwa-ke, izimbaza zamadube nazo zitholakala zijule kakhulu - ubuningi bokurekhodwa okuphezulu kungamamitha angama-60. Ngokudla okunomsoco (uma amanzi egcwala ngezinto ezibalulekile zokulandela umkhondo), imbaza yezimbila ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ungafinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa, kanti ngonyaka wesibili leli nani liphindwe kabili. Ukukhula okujulile kuyaqhubeka kuyo yonke impilo yomnenke. Vele, uma izimo zemvelo zivuma.
Umuntu omdala angadlula futhi ahlunge cishe amalitha ayi-10 amanzi nsuku zonke. Iminenke emincane, edinga ukudla okuningi ukuze ikhule ngokushesha, ayisebenzi kanzima - ngesisindo esingu-1 gram, imollusk iyakwazi ukucubungula cishe amalitha ama-5 amanzi ngosuku.
Leli nani lomsebenzi livumela ukuqoqwa okukhulu kwezimbaza zebra ukuhlanza imizimba yamanzi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma izimbaza ezingama-1000 zebra zikhula emanzini ngasikhathi sinye (futhi ukunqwabelana okunjalo kuvame kakhulu), ngosuku olulodwa zingasusa cishe ama-cubic metres angama-50. amamitha ketshezi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abamele lezi zilwane bayisibiliboco esithandekayo sezinhlanzi eziningi, ama-crayfish neminye iminenke. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola izinhlanzi ezithile, kuyalulekwa ukuthi kusetshenziswe imbaza yedube. Imbaza endala yedube ihola indlela yokuphila enganyakazi, izinamathisela kunoma iyiphi indawo eqinile. Ngokukhula kancane kancane kwenani lama-mollusk, angakwazi ukumboza phansi bese efaka izinto kuwo ngongqimba olujiyile.
Ukuze iphile ngokunethezeka, imbaza yedube inamathele ezihlahleni nasezikhunjini ezicwilile, amapayipi angaphansi kwamanzi kanye nezinqwaba, ngaleyo ndlela kwesinye isikhathi kwenze kube nzima ukungena kwamanzi. Eduzane nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, izindawo ezinjalo kufanele zihlanzwe njalo ngenani elikhulu le-shellfish.
Ukwanda ngokweqile kwabamele lezi zinhlobo kwenzeka, lapho inani labantu ngamunye ku-1 sq. imitha ifinyelela amashumi ezinkulungwane eziningana. Ezindaweni ezifana nalezi ukukhipha imbaza yedube Yindaba elula impela.
Ukudla
Igobolondo likaDreissena inama-valve amabili avaliwe ngokuqinile. Umzimba womnenke umelwe izingqimba ezimbili zengubo, phakathi kwawo kukhona i-cilia, ebhekele ukujikeleza kwamanzi. I-Dreissena nayo inezimbobo ezimbili - zokudla nokukhipha uketshezi oluhlungiwe.
Ifaka amanzi ngaphakathi, imollusk iyawacwenga, imunce izakhamzimba futhi ikhiphe umoya-mpilo oncibilikiswe emanzini. Konke okwakubonakala kungayifanele imollusk yokudla kususwa nezinsalela zamanzi ahlungiwe.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ubumsulwa bamanzi bungathuthukiswa kakhulu yi imbaza yedube emanzini, kodwa kungcono ukuba nomuntu oyedwa kuphela ukuze ugweme ukugcwala kwabantu. Isikhathi sokuphila semissel ye-zebra yiminyaka engama-4-5, kepha-ke kukhona ama-livers amade, iminyaka yawo efinyelela eminyakeni engu-7-8.
Isikhathi sokuphila seminenke sithinteka yikhwalithi yamanzi nokugcwala kwawo okunomsoco owusizo. Iminenke evuthiwe ngokobulili isilungele ukuzalela phakathi nentwasahlobo lapho amazinga okushisa kwamanzi eqala ukukhuphuka. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kulo lonke ihlobo, kuze kufike ekuqaleni kwekwindla futhi iphele, futhi, ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa.
UDreissena ukhipha amaqanda amaningi emanzini ngasikhathi. Amaqanda afakwa emasakeni agcwele amafinyila omnenke. Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhulelwa kwabo kwangaphandle kuyenzeka, ngemuva kwalokho isibungu siqala ukukhula.
Isibungu sibhukuda izinsuku ezimbalwa size sikwazi ukuzikhulisela igobolondo elincane, bese sizika kancane kancane siye phansi. Lapho sesithole indawo efanelekayo yempilo yesikhathi esizayo, lesi sibungu sikhipha amafinyila akhethekile (imicu ye-byssun), esiwunamathela phezulu, siqina kancane.
Ngakho-ke, izingqimba eziningana zeminenke zingagudlana kancane kancane, ngenkathi zihola indlela yokuphila enethezekile ngokuphelele yama-mollusk. Ezimweni ezehlukile, umnenke ungashiya indawo ekhethiwe. I-mollusk iyahlukana nentambo eqinile ye-byssun futhi ihamba kancane kancane ngezansi ifuna indawo entsha yokuphila.
Uma iqembu elikhulu leminenke londliwe ngokwanele, ukuzala kushesha ngokweqile. Kumamitha ayi-cubic wamanzi ngamunye ungathola kusuka kubantu abasha abayi-50 kuya kwabayi-100. Kepha, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izilwane ezincane kanye namaqanda e-Dreissen angukudla kwezinye izakhamuzi zomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi, okungukuthi, akuzona zonke ezizokhula ziye eminyakeni yobudala be-mollusk yabantu abadala.
