Inambuzane ethakazelisa kakhulu engakwazi ukundiza ngokuya ngemithetho ye-physics, kepha, noma kunjalo, iyakwenza lokho - ibhungane lobhejane. Sekuyisikhathi eside into yokudweba nokwenza izincwadi. Uvezwe ngumdwebi uGeorg Gofnagel futhi ube yiqhawe lale ncwadi UKonstantin Paustovsky "I-Adventures Ye-Rhino Beetle".
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ibhungane likabhejane
Ibhungane lobhejane - isinambuzane esingajwayelekile, esivikelwe eNtshonalanga Yurophu futhi sifakwe ohlwini ezincwadini eziningi ezibomvu zendawo zeRussian Federation. Ine-chestnut noma igobolondo elibomvu le-chitinous, umzimba wayo ungaba ngu-46 mm ubude.
Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngophondo olukhulu ekhanda - kwabesilisa, futhi oluncane, olubukeka luqhuma - kwabesifazane. Zine-elytra ekhazimulayo nekhanda. Banekhanda elincane, i-clypeus, licindezelwe ngaphambili, elingunxantathu, linezinhlangothi eziqondile.
Umsebenzi womzimba ungaphansi kokulawulwa kwesimiso sezinzwa, esakhiwe ngezinto ezifana nobuchopho nentambo yezinzwa. Amabhungane aphefumulayo ahlinzeka ngomoya-mpilo, ongena ezinhlangothini, indawo okuso isifuba nesisu. Ngeziphethu, umoya-mpilo ufinyelela kuqhoqhoqho, nalo olumboza iningi lezitho zalesi sinambuzane.
Esithombeni kunabhungane besifazane bobhejane
Leli bhungane ligxile emvelweni ngosizo lohlelo lwesitho esilungiswe kahle. Uphondo lusiza futhi ekwenzeni lo msebenzi, noma kungenzeki ukumisa ngokunembile inhloso yalo. Lesi sinambuzane sinezitho eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubona, ezinamehlo amancane futhi ezisemaceleni ekhanda.
Amapuleti aphansi e-chitinous aqukethe izinwele ezibhekiswe phansi, lapho amandla e-electrostatic aqoqeka khona, ngenxa yokuthi, lapho ehlasela umuntu, ungakuzwa ukukhishwa kukagesi.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, ibhungane likabhejane liyakwazi ukuhambisa imithwalo enesisindo esiphindwe kayinkulungwane kunaso. Ngo-2009, ososayensi base-University of California bakwazile ukufaka umshini odlulisa amasiginali omsakazo ebhungwini elinjalo.
Ngosizo lwemishini enjalo, bekwenzeka ukulawula ngokuphelele ukuhamba nokuhamba kwendlezane. La mabhungane atholakala ehlobo, kusihlwa okufudumele; futhi angandizela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yokukhanya.
Akunakwenzeka ukwenza okuqondile Incazelo yebhungane lobhejane, ngoba lolu hlobo luyamangaza ngokuhlukahluka kwalo - amabhungane ahlukile ngombala, usayizi, ezinye izici zesakhiwo, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala.
Lezi zinhlobo zisabalele eYurophu, ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Asia, kanye nasenyakatho ye-Afrika. Ekuqaleni, la mabhungane ayehlala emahlathini ahlukene anezihlahla ezibanzi, kodwa ngenxa yabantu, bakwazi ukungena emathafeni. Ensimini ye-Asia Ephakathi naseKazakhstan, la mabhungane nawo ahlala ezindaweni ezisogwadule.
Thenga ubhungane kungenzeka kubathengisi abazimele nasezitolo zezilwane, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kusezincwadini ezibomvu zezinye izifundazwe. Kuthengiswa amabhungane omisiwe. Khula ubhungane can futhi ekhaya, okungukuthi ku-terrarium.
Ekukhuleni kwezibungu, kudingeka inhlabathi ekhethekile ngokufakwa kwe-substrate enokhuni, ukuze babe nethuba lokugoba lapho futhi babeke amaqanda. Futhi, izibungu zikabhejane zizohlomula kwi-cellulose endala exutshwe ne-peat, yona, exutshwe nomhlaba, efakwa ku-terrarium, ngemuva kwalokho isibungu uqobo sibekwa lapho.
Esithombeni kunezibungu zikabhejane
Uma kwenzeka uba nenhlanhla yokuyithola kusiphunzi esibolile, kufanele usike ucezu lwaso kanye nesibungu bese usifaka ku-terrarium, ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukulinda ibhungane elidala, ngenkathi kungasekho izinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi udinga ukwenza.
Ukugcinwa kwebhungane lobhejane - umsebenzi we-necrotic, esimweni sokuhlela inzalo, kufanelekile ukumnikeza i-terrarium ngothuli. Isinambuzane asidingi umsoco.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kabhungane wobhejane
Emini, la mabhungane awakhombisi msebenzi, ancamela ukucasha emhlabathini noma ezihlahleni, okudlula ngokufika kobusuku. La mabhungane, esimweni esiyingozi noma esingaqondakali kubo, zama ukungcwaba emhlabathini ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uma lokhu kungenzeki, lezi zinambuzane ezimangalisayo ziyakwazi ukukhombisa ukufa ngokuwa nokuhlangana notshani namagatsha, zigobe izimpondo zazo. Futhi, lezi zinambuzane ezimangalisayo ziyakwazi ukundiza ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50 ngaphandle kokuma.
Ukundiza kwebhungane lobhejane kuthatha izinyanga ezifika kwezinhlanu, njengoba zivele ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ngo-Ephreli, zicasha ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Sebezinzile ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, la mabhungane ayakwazi ukulimaza izitshalo.
Umsoco webhejane
Akekho ongafika empendulweni yombuzo wokuthi badlani ubhungane... Njengoba singenawo umhlathi oguqulwe ukuze kudliwe ukudla okukhulu, lesi sinambuzane, mhlawumbe, sondla umuthi womuthi noma zonke izinhlobo zokudla okuthambile.
Yize bezama ukuqonda okudliwa amabhungane obhejane, ososayensi bafike esiphethweni sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zinambuzane azikudli nakancane ukudla, kodwa ziphila ngezinto eziqoqiwe ngesikhathi sesibungu. Futhi, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lwale mabhungane ludlondlobele, okungenye yezimpikiswano esivuna isitatimende sokuthi azidli lutho.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sebhungane likabhejane
Impilo yebhungane likabhejane ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
1. Ibhungane labesifazane izalela amaqanda ngeziqu ezibolile, izihlahla ezahlukahlukene, umquba wakudala nezinye izindawo ezifanayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi azikaze zitholakale ezitsheni ezisawolintshi neziphayini. Isigaba samaqanda sithatha cishe inyanga.
2. Iqanda liba yisibungu okungcono ehlobo. Isibungu sebhejane inejwayelekile, isici, kulo mndeni, ukubukeka. Ukudla kwakhe kubulala izihlahla nokudla okuhlukahlukene kwezitshalo.
Futhi, izibungu zidla uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo, yingakho kwezinye izindawo zibhekwa njengezilokazane. Lesi sigaba singahlala kusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuye kwengu-8, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala.
3.Umfundi. Izinhlaka zesiphungumangathi ziyefana nebhungane elidala. Masinyane ngemuva kokufundwa, umbala ophuzi ngokukhanyayo, noma kunjalo, ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ithola umbala onsundu.
Inambuzane endala iphila amasonto ambalwa ukuze ishiye inzalo yayo, bese iyafa. Futhi, la mabhungane anezitha eziningi emvelweni.
Kufanele baziqaphele izinyoni, njengamagwababa, onogwaja, nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingazizingela. Futhi izibungu zesinambuzane esifana ne-scolia ziyakwazi ukukhubaza ebhungwini likabhejane.
