Qeda - enye yezinyoni zehlathi ezivame kakhulu eYurophu. Lesi yisidalwa esingenakuzithoba, esingatholakali emahlathini kuphela. Amapaki wedolobha nezingadi ziyikhaya labo futhi.
Izici ze-Chaffinch nendawo yokuhlala
I-bird finchimele umndeni wezintaka. Nguincazelo finch - inyoni encane ecishe ilingane nondlunkulu, kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela ku-20 cm ubude, futhi inesisindo esingama-30 g kuphela. Noma kunjalo, yehluke kakhulu kwezinye izinyoni ngoba inezimpaphe ezikhanya kakhulu.
Abesilisa, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokukhwelana, babukeka bedelela kakhulu. Intamo nekhanda labo kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama. Isifuba, izihlathi nomphimbo kubomvu okubomvu noma i-burgundy, isiphongo nomsila kumnyama.
Imigqa emibili yethunzi elikhanyayo itholakala kuphiko ngalunye, futhi umsila oluhlaza wenza ukubonakala komnikazi kungalibaleki. Ngemuva kokuncibilika ekwindla, uhla lwemibala yezimpaphe zale nyoni luya ngokufiphala kakhulu futhi amathoni ansundu aqala ukubusa.
I-finch yesifazane inombala othe xaxa; ama-gray-green shades ayanqoba kumbala wakhe. Amachwane amancanyana angabesifazane abaningi ngombala. Kukhona ama-subspecies amaningi we-finches; ziyehluka ngosayizi, uqhwaku, umbala nezinye izici. Kwezinye izindawo, zihlala endaweni ehamba phambili phakathi kwezinye izinyoni ezincane.
Izintaka zibhekwa njengezinyoni ezifudukayo., yize abanye abamele bejwayela futhi bahlala ebusika, endaweni ekhethiwe. Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia, eSiberia, eCaucasus yindawo yabo yokuhlala ehlobo.
NgoSepthemba nango-Okthoba, izinyoni zihlangana ngamaqembu abantu abangaba ngu-50 kuya kwayi-100 bese ziya ebusika e-Central Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, Kazakhstan naseCrimea.
Esithombeni kunentokazi yesifazane
Indwangu yasebusika mhlawumbe ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, eziseningizimu, izifunda. Izinyoni zindiza zibheke eNingizimu ngokushesha, cishe ngama-55 km / h. Endleleni, umhlambi ungama ezifundeni ezinothe ngokudla izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kungashiwo ngokuzethemba okuqinile ukuthi, kuya ngesifunda, izintaka zihlala phansi, ziyizinyoni ezifudukayo futhi ezifudukayo. Ebusika, izintaka zakha imihlambi futhi zihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivulekile. Njengomthetho, lezi izimfunda nezinkambu. Izintaka nondlunkulu bavame ukuba ngamalungu omhlambi wabo.
Izintaka zifika nini Intwasahlobo isaqala futhi bayabonakala emahlathini, ezihlahleni, emasimini asehlathini nasemapaki amadolobha. Izindawo zokuhlala eziyizintandokazi zingamahlathi amancane e-spruce, amahlathi ahlanganisiwe namahlathi aphayini aphansi. Azihlali njalo izidleke, ngoba zivame ukufuna ukudla ebusweni bomhlaba. Kakhulukazi zindiza ziye ezindaweni ezazikhona ehlobo eledlule.
Umsuka wegama lenyoni uvela egameni elithi freeze, chill. Ingani zifika ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo bese ziyandiza ziqale ekuqaleni kwezulu elibandayo. Kunombiko owodwa wakudala waseRussia wokuthi uma uzwa iculo le-chaffinch, kusho isithwathwa namakhaza, ne-lark - ukufudumala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi igama lesiLatin elinezimpaphe linezimpande eyodwa ngegama elibandayo. Okhokho bethu babekholelwa nokuthi i-chaffinch yayingumemezeli wentwasahlobo.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila ye-finch
I-finch ejwayelekileIzindiza ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ebusweni bomhlaba ukhetha ukungahambi, kodwa ukugxuma. Izingoma zeChaffinchkuzwakala, kuzwakala futhi kuguquguquka kakhulu ngakunye, kufana kakhulu ne-trill lark, kepha kunezici zazo.
Isikhathi somculo asikho ngaphezu kwemizuzwana emithathu, ngemuva kokuma isikhashana, siyaphindwa. Intsha yenza izingoma ezilula, ifunde kubantu abadala, futhi ithole ikhono nobuhle ngeminyaka.
Ngendlela, isifunda ngasinye sibonakala "ngolimi" oluthile,imisindo eyenziwe yi-finch,ziyehluka kuya ngokuthi uhlala kuphi. I-repertoire enezimpiko ingafaka izingoma ezifika kwezingu-10, azenzayo ngokulandelana.
Ngaphambi kwemvula, izinyoni zicula uhlobo oluthile lwe-ryu-ryu-ryu trill, ngakho-ke isimo sezulu singabikezelwa yilezi zinyoni. Uma i-finch icula Izwi likaFinchingazwakala kusukela ngesikhathi sokufika kuze kube phakathi nehlobo. Ekwindla, izintaka zicula kancane futhi "ngezwi eliphansi". Ekhayaukucula kwe-chaffinch iqala ngoJanuwari.
Lalela izwi le-finch
Ukuze uzweizwi le-finch,abaningi bafuna ukuyithola ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, lesi akusona isisombululo esihle kunazo zonke. UChaffinch akathandi ukucula ehokweni, uhlala ethukile, uzama ukuzikhulula, angaba nezinkinga zamehlo nokukhuluphala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima ukukhetha ukudla kwale nyoni.
Finch yokudla
I-finch idla ukudla kwezitshalo noma izinambuzane. Ukutholakala kwenkalakahla yale nyoni, uqhwaku oluqinile nemisipha yobuso eqinile ivumela kalula ukwephula womabili amagobolondo webhungane nembewu eqinile.
Ukudla okuyinhloko: imbewu yokhula kanye nezigaxa, amahlumela namaqabunga, izimbali, amajikijolo nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Ngaphandle kokuthi abasebenzi bezolimo bakhala ngokuthi izinyoni zibhubhisa imbewu yezitshalo ezihlwanyelwe,mayelana ne-finch kuphephile ukusho ukuthi kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu emasimini nasezihlahleni zehlathi.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-finch
Kusuka emaphethelweni afudumeleentwasahlobo abesilisa nabesifazane bezintaka fika ngemihlambi ehlukene. Abesilisa bafika ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi bahlala kude nabangane besikhathi esizayo. Bese kuthi amaduna aqale ukucula kakhulu, le misindo ifana nokushayiza kwamachwane. Le misindo idonsela abesifazane endaweni yabo.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana ngezintaka siqala ngoMashi. Ngaphambi kokufuna intombi, abesilisa bahlala ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, ezinemingcele yazo nezindawo ezahlukahlukene.
Imvamisa lezi yizindawo lapho behlala khona ngonyaka odlule. Izimbangi zezinhlobo ezifanayo zixoshwa ngokushesha kule ndawo. Izimpi eziphakathi kweminyaka yokuqala kuya kweyesilisa ezindala zivame kakhulu ngenxa yasemaphethelweni ezindawo zamakhehla.
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesilisai-finch ibukeka isiqhwaga sangempela. Baxabana kakhulu, bayalwa bodwa futhi bayacula, bavame ukuphazamisa ingoma. Ngalesi sikhathi, uyazidonsa futhi izimpaphe ekhanda lakhe ziyacindezelwa.
Owesifazane oseduze undizela kowesilisa, ahlale phansi eduze kwakhe, agobise imilenze yakhe, aphakamise kancane amaphiko nomsila, aphonse ikhanda lakhe phezulu bese eqala ukukhala buthule "zi-zi-zi". Ukujwayela okunjalo kungenzeka emhlabathini nasemagatsheni ezihlahla.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, izintaka ziqala ukwakhiwa kwendawo yazo yokuhlala. Leli bhizinisi labelwa owesifazane, ukunakekelwa kowesilisa kuyisizo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lapho kwakhiwa isidleke, insikazi yehlela phansi okungenani izikhathi ezingu-1 300 ifuna izinto ezifanelekayo.Qeda isidlekeingatholakala cishe kunoma yisiphi isihlahla nakunoma ikuphi ukuphakama. Ngokuvamile - cishe ngamamitha amane kanye nasezimfoloko zamagatsha.
Esontweni, isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sokwakhiwa sitholakala - isitsha esifinyelela kumitha elilodwa ububanzi. Inamahlumela amancane, ubulembu, amagatsha, utshani nezimpande. Konke lokhu kubanjwa ndawonye ngewebhu.
Izindonga zayo ziwugqinsi futhi ziyaqina futhi zingafinyelela ku-25mm. Izindonga zangaphandle yilezi: i-moss, lichen kanye ne-birch bark. Ngaphakathi esidlekeni kufakwe izimpaphe ezahlukahlukene, phansi noboya bezilwane kuyasetshenziswa. Umphumela uba yikhaya elifihlwe ngokuphelele futhi elingabonakali.
Esithombeni kunentshwele ye-chaffinch
E-clutch kukhona amaqanda ama-3-6, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anamachashazi abomvu. Ngenkathi insikazi ifukamela amaphuphu, iduna liyiletha ukudla futhi liyinakekele. Cishe ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, izingane zizalwa zinesikhumba esibomvu kanye nomkhuhlane omnyama ngemuva nasekhanda.
Abasizi ngalutho ngokuphelele futhi bobabili abazali ngothando babondla ngqo emilonyeni yabo, befaka izinambuzane. Ngalesi sikhathi, akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa izinyoni. Uma umuntu esondela esidlekeni, ezinganeni noma emaqanda, izinyoni ezindala zingamshiya.
Maphakathi noJuni, amaphuphu aphuma esidlekeni, kodwa abazali bawo bawasiza enye ingxenye yenyanga. Inzalo yesibili ezinsikeni ivela maphakathi nehlobo. Kunamaqanda ambalwa ku-clutch yesibili. U-Finch uyaphila hhayi isikhathi eside, yize ekuthunjweni isikhathi sayo sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12.
Zifa ikakhulu ngokunganaki, ngoba ukudla kuvame ukufunwa phansi futhi kunganyathelwa ngabantu noma kubanjwe yizilwane ezidlayo. Phakathi kwabantu, uphaphe lwe-finch lubhekwa njengophawu lwenjabulo yomndeni nenhlala-kahle.
