I-quark enkulu - inhlanzi enkulu futhi eqinile yezinhlobo ezihlanjululwe ngemisebe kanye nokuhleleka kwe-horse mackerel. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, i-quranx ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-giant horse mackerel, ngoba ifana nale nhlanzi yokuhweba ngokubukeka nekhwalithi yenyama, kodwa iyedlula kakhulu ngosayizi. Kodwa i-caranx enkulu ayihlukaniswa kuphela nosayizi wayo ovelele, kepha futhi ngamandla amakhulu, kanye nokuziphatha komphakathi, okushintsha kaningi phakathi nokuphila. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe nge-quark enkulu, indlela yayo yokuphila, ukudla kanye nokuzala.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu
Kungashiwo ngokufanele ukuthi iCaranx ingeyesinye sezidalwa ezimbalwa zangaphambi kukazamcolo, ezinoshintsho oluncane, ezehlele kithi kusukela esikhathini sama-dinosaurs. Ososayensi-ichthyology bathi i-caranx enkulu, njengohlobo, yakhiwa cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-60 edlule futhi ayikaze iguquke kusukela lapho.
Izazi ze-paleontologists zithole amathambo e-caranx ezindaweni ezisasele, ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-8, okuhambisana nesikhathi seCretaceous period. Ngokokuqala ngqá, izinsalela ezakhiwe ngobunono zatholakala emuva ngo-1801 futhi kusukela lapho ukutholwa okunjalo kuye kwatholwa kaningi kakhulu. Ngendlela eyiyona manje, le nhlanzi ichazwe maphakathi nekhulu le-19 futhi yaphawulwa emsebenzini we-multivolume kaCarl Linnaeus. Mangisho, naphezu kweminyaka engama-200 edlule, inhlanzi ayikashintshi nakancane ngakho-ke incazelo yayo ayiphelelwe yisikhathi nhlobo.
Ividiyo: Ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu
Isici esiyingqayizivele sokharaveni omkhulu umzimba waso oyisicaba futhi uqonde mpo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-notch ekhethekile ngemuva, lapho kukhishwa khona amaphiko aphezulu amabili, kungathathwa njengomehluko kwezinye izinhlanzi. Izinhlanzi zabo zisusa (noma zikhiphe) ngokuya ngamandla wamandla olwandle noma ngesikhathi sokuzingela, lapho kudingeka khona ukuhambisa ngokushesha.
Njengomthetho, usayizi omaphakathi we-carax cishe ungamasentimitha angama-70-80, futhi isisindo siyashintshashintsha cishe ngama-30 kilograms. Ubukhulu obukhulu bezinhlanzi ezibanjiwe bekungamasentimitha ayi-124, kanti isisindo sidlule ama-65 kilograms. Yize i-caranx inkulu ngosayizi, iyinhlanzi engajulile futhi ayicwilisi ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100, ikhetha ukuhlala ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-20-30.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu kubukeka kanjani
Uma izici ezihlukile ezinjengamaphiko ahlehlekayo kanye nomzimba ohlukaniswe kakhulu kuvamile kuwo wonke ama-caraxes, khona-ke ukubukeka kuyashintsha kuye ngohlobo lwezinhlanzi.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziyi-16 zama-qurank, kepha zintathu kuphela ezifanelwe ukubalulwa okukhethekile, ngoba zivela kokujwayelekile.
- I-caranx yegolide. Ngendlela yayo, iyinhlanzi esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Ubude bayo abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-40, futhi isisindo sayo akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ama-3. Emikhubeni nakwindlela yokuphila, ayihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo. Umehluko omkhulu umbala wayo wegolide okhanyayo, okwenza le nhlanzi iphumelele kakhulu ekujuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-caranx yegolide ivame ukufakwa ezindaweni zasemanzini, njengoba iyinhlanzi enhle, ehlangene futhi engathobekile.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kweSenegal. Ilungu elincane kakhulu lomndeni. Njengoba ungaqagela egameni, le nhlanzi ihlala ngasogwini lwaseSenegal. Usayizi womzimba wakhe ucishe ube ngamasentimitha angama-30, futhi isisindo sakhe asingeqi amakhilogremu ayi-1.5. Izici zezinhlobo zifaka phakathi iqiniso lokuthi umzimba weSenegal Caranx ucwecwe kakhulu kusuka ezinhlangothini. Inhloko inesimo esingunxantathu. Ngokungafani nayo yonke eminye ikharahara, abaseSenegal bangabohlobo lwezinhlanzi ezifundayo.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwemizila eyisithupha. Izinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo. Njengomthetho, ubude bomzimba wale kharaveni cishe ngamasentimitha angama-35-40, kanti isisindo asidluli amakhilogremu ama-5. Isici sale nhlanzi umbala wayo ongajwayelekile, imivimbo emithathu ohlangothini ngalunye. Ngokubukeka, i-caranx yemizila eyisithupha ifana kakhulu ne-barbus ye-aquarium.
Ihlala kuphi icaranx enkulu?
Isithombe: Caranx fish
ICaranx ihlala kuphela olwandle olufudumele nolwandle olushisayo. Ngakho-ke, eRussia le nhlanzi ayaziwa, futhi ngisho nasezitolo zokudlela iyisidlo esingavamile. Iningi labantu be-caraxa lihlala oLwandle Olubomvu, entshonalanga ye-Atlantic Ocean nasogwini lwase-Afrika.
Emazweni anjengeThailand, i-Indonesia, iPhilippines neMalaysia, i-quaranx ibhekwa njengesitsha esivamile, ngoba abadobi bakula mazwe badobela le nhlanzi ngezinga lezimboni. Kepha ngasogwini lwaseSenegal, ukudotshwa kwalezi zinhlanzi kuncane kakhulu, ngoba izinhlobo zasendaweni ze-caranx azinkulu ngosayizi futhi azithathwa njengezinhlobo ezibalulekile zokudoba.
Esinye isimo esibalulekile sendawo ye-carax ukujula okunethezeka. Lezi zinhlanzi azikhuphuki ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-5 ukusuka phezulu, kodwa futhi aziweli ngaphansi kuka-100. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi sempilo yabo ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-30-50, lapho bezizwa benethezeke khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi zithanda ukuhlala emachibini athule, lapho kungekho khona amagagasi aphezulu nolwandle cishe luhlala luthulile. Azihambi kude nolwandle, zikhetha ukuzingela emanzini asogwini.
Izakhamuzi zaseziqhingini zaseHawaii zinobudlelwano obukhethekile ne-caranx enkulu. Bambheka njengenhlanzi eyiqhawe, engeke yabanjwa yibo bonke abantu. Isikhathi eside, i-karanx yayifanekisela amandla nobungqingili besilisa, futhi abesifazane babenqatshelwe ukudla inyama yale nhlanzi.
Kudlani ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu?
Isithombe: Giant Caranx
Kumele kuthiwe i-carapace enkulu iyisidalwa esisebenzayo. Ihlala endaweni ephakeme impela ochungechungeni lokudla kwezilwandle ezifudumele, ilandela oshaka nama-moray eel kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma lezi zinhlanzi zinesizungu futhi zizingela zodwa, i-carax iyinhlanzi yokufunda. Njengamanje, yi-caranx enkulu eyenza u-75% wazo zonke izinhlanzi ezidla inyama eGulf of Mexico nasengxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Atlantic Ocean. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-caraxes ngezinye izinhlanzi ezingaphansi kwazo ngosayizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zizingela ngempumelelo elinganayo zombili izilwane ezidla ezinye nezinhlanzi ezidla utshani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-quarks ayadliwa:
- izimbaza;
- ama-oysters;
- izimbaza;
- ama-crustaceans;
- ulwandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukuzingela amahlengethwa amancane ngisho nezimfudu ezincane, igobolondo lazo alikakabi lukhuni ngokuphelele. Indlela yokuzingela lezi zinhlanzi nayo iyathakazelisa. Uma kunesidingo, ahlangana kalula ezikoleni ezinkulu zabantu abangama-300-500 futhi akwazi ukushayela izikole ezinkulu zezinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzingelwa kwama-quranks akuyona inxushunxushu. Kunabantu ababusayo emhlambini abalawula inqubo yokuzingela futhi baphathe umhlambi.
Ngaleli qhinga, izinhlanzi ezinkulu zisebenza njengabazingeli, kuthi ama-qurank amancane asebenze njengabashaya. Ngaleli qhinga, isisulu asinalo ithuba lokweqa, futhi izicathulo ezizungezile zicishe zabhujiswa ngokuphelele.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kunezimo lapho imihlambi emikhulu yamakharahara ihlasela ngisho namahlengethwa futhi ibulale izilwane ezisencane. Njengomthetho, ama-cranks azingela kusihlwa, ngaphambi kokuhlwa, naphakathi nosuku ancamela ukubhukuda ngokujula okuphephile.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-Diamond Quarx
Isici esiyingqayizivele se-carax enkulu njengenhlobo yukuthi ukuziphatha kwayo kuguquka izikhathi eziningana phakathi nokuphila kwayo. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, lezi zinhlanzi zigobhozela ezikoleni ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, akulula kuphela kubo ukuzingela nokuthola ukudla, kepha futhi kulula kakhulu ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezinkulu. Kunobufakazi obubhalwe phansi bokuthi imihlambi emikhulu yeCaranx yakwazi ukuvikela ngisho noshaka bamahlosi.
Lapho kuzingelwa umhlambi, izindwendwe ezinkulu zikhombisa ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe. Izinhlanzi zihlukaniswe abazingeli nabashayi, futhi azishiyi inyamazane yazo noma iliphi ithuba. Kodwa-ke, abaholi bepakethe abanandaba nawo wonke amalungu ayo. Wonke umuntu uzama ukuhlwitha isisulu ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi abantu abancane bahlale belambile. Ngemuva kokuqala kokuthomba, i-caranx enkulu ithanda ukuzingela yodwa. Inhlanzi ikhula ibe ngosayizi omkhulu futhi iyakwazi ukubhekana cishe nanoma yisiphi isisulu sisodwa.
I-caranx enkulu, njenganoma yisiphi isilwane esidla ezinye, inendawo yayo. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi zizikhethela izindawo zokuzingela endaweni yamanzi enendawo engamakhilomitha ambalwa. Lokhu kwanele ukuthi kudle inhlanzi enkulu edlayo. Ngenxa yokwakheka kombono, i-caranx enkulu ibona okuhle kusihlwa futhi iya ekuzingeleni lapho kuqala ukuhwalala. Ukuhlukaniswa kusebenza kakhulu kusihlwa bese kwehla phakathi kwamabili.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngokwemvelo yalo, i-caranx enkulu iyinhlanzi enolaka engabekezeleli abantu ongabazi ensimini yayo futhi ihlasele ezinye izilwane zasolwandle ezincane ngosayizi.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu
Ezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo, i-dimorphism yezocansi ikhona. Ivezwa ngombala wama-quranks. Abesilisa banombala ompunga noma omnyama, kanti abesifazane bayakhanya kakhulu. Ngenxa yalezi zici, ayikho inkinga ekunqumeni ubulili babantu abavuthiwe. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwekharahara enkulu kuncike ngokuphelele ekushiseni kwamanzi. Mangisho ukuthi le nhlanzi i-thermophilic ngokwedlulele, futhi uma amanzi olwandle ebanda kancane kunokujwayelekile, ikharahara ingahle yeqe imijikelezo eminingana yokuzalanisa ngokuphelele.
Ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esihle, le nhlanzi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda ama-2-3 izikhathi ngonyaka. Ekushiseni kwamanzi okulingene, i-caranx izothola inzalo kanye kuphela ngonyaka. Abazali abavela ku-quark enkulu ababalulekile. Abesifazane babeka amaqanda ayizigidi eziningana, abesilisa bawafaka emanyolo. Ngokuzayo, abanandaba nesiphetho senzalo futhi gazinga lishiywa lodwa. Cishe ama-80% wawo wonke amaqanda kanye nefry ayafa emasontweni okuqala okuphila. Kukudla kwenhlanzi nempilo yasolwandle futhi kuvame ukudliwa neplankton.
Ngemuva kokuthi ama-fry esekhulile futhi ekwazi ukubhukuda kukholamu lamanzi ngokwawo, futhi hhayi ngokomyalelo wamanje, azama ukucasha ezilwaneni eziyingozi emthunzini we-jellyfish noma endaweni yamanzi yamakhorali, lapho kungatholakali izidalwa eziyingozi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, amaphuphu aqala ukuduka emhlambini ukuze azingele kahle futhi azivikele ezilwaneni ezinkulu. Kakade ngenyanga yesi-8 yokuphila, ama-quark afinyelela osayizi abakhulu futhi wona uqobo abe yingozi ezinhlanzini eziningi ezisezindaweni ezishisayo
Izitha zemvelo ze-quark enkulu
Isithombe: Ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu kubukeka kanjani
I-carax enkulu ayinazo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Le nhlanzi ithatha enye yezindawo ezihamba phambili ochungechungeni lokudla olwandle olushisayo. Oshaka kanye nama-moray eel kuphela abangazingela ama-quranks aphakathi nendawo, futhi nalezi zilwane ezizelwe azisongelwa izinhlanzi ezinkulu. Ingozi enkulu isongela ukwahlukaniswa okukhulu okusebenzayo. Amafry, futhi ikakhulukazi amaqanda, awakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele, ngoba abazali abanandaba nalokho okuzokwenzeka kwenzalo.
Amaqanda e-Caranx ahamba ne-plankton, futhi adliwa yibo bonke abahlali basolwandle abadla nge-plankton. Amafry achanyuselwe asengazigwema izidalwa ezihlasela izilwane, kepha ubukhulu bazo azikwazi nokuzivikela ekuhlaselweni. Bazama ukuhlala eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala zemvelo, ama-atoll kanye nezixhobo zamakhorali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthosa kwe-caranx kufihla emthunzini we-jellyfish nezinhlanzi ezinkulu.
Abantu babeka ingozi enkulu yokuhlukaniswa. Iqiniso ukuthi le nhlanzi iyinhlanzi ethengiswayo futhi ibanjwa kusetshenziswa ama-trawls, kanye nezinduku zokuphotha nezinduku zokudoba. EHawaii naseThailand, kunohambo olukhethekile lokudoba, lapho izivakashi zinikezwa khona ukubamba i-marlin eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ne-carax enkulu futhi zizizwe mathupha ukuthi inamandla kangakanani le nhlanzi ezintweni zayo zomdabu. Kepha ukungcoliswa kwamanzi asogwini kubeka usongo olukhulu kuzo zombili izinhlanzi ezindala nasefry. Amanzi anobuthi abulala noma alimaze kabi inhlanzi futhi avimbele ukuthosa kukhule.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Royal Quarantine
Ngaphandle kokuthi kunomkhakha omkhulu wokudoba unyaka wonke wezimboni we-quark enkulu, inani lezinhlanzi alikho engozini. Ngokwezibalo zochthyologists besayensi, kunabantu abangaphezu kwezigidigidi ze-quark, futhi unyaka nonyaka inani labantu lihlala linjalo. Kusukela ngo-2015, iziphathimandla zaseThailand nase-Indonesia zaletha izilinganiso zokubanjwa kwale nhlanzi, ezavumela ukuthi inani labantu benkomishi libuyiselwe. Kuhlelwe ukuthi kusukela ngo-2020 izilinganiso zokudoba zizosuswa, futhi lokhu kuzosindisa indawo yamanzi eGulf of Thailand ezilwaneni eziningi ezidla ezinye.
Umonakalo omkhulu kunayo yonke yokuhlukaniswa, njengohlobo oluthile, kubangelwe ukuchitheka kukawoyela eGulf of Mexico. Kungakapheli uhhafu wonyaka, inani lezinhlanzi lehla ngo-10%, okwaba yingozi enkulu kubantu. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhamuka komthombo wamanzi ajulile kudale umonakalo kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezihlala ethekwini. Ngaphezu kwendawo yabo yemvelo, izindlwana zamahhashi ziyachuma ezindaweni zasemanzini emhlabeni wonke. Imvamisa, ungathola amakharava egolide noma edayimane lapho. Lezi zinhlanzi zinemibala ekhangayo futhi ziyajabulisa kakhulu iso.
ICaranx izala kahle endaweni yokufakelwa, futhi ukungabikho kwezingozi nezitha zemvelo kunomthelela omkhulu ekusindeni kwenzalo. Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisile, kumadamu okufakelwa, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngabantu, kungasinda kuze kufike kuma-95% esamba senani lefry. Njengamanje, inani le-carax enkulu alisongelwa, futhi le nhlanzi ihlala iyinhlobo yezentengiselwano ebalulekile olwandle nolwandle olufudumele.
I-quark enkulu - umhlaseli osebenzayo, kepha lokhu akukwenzi kube kuhle futhi kube nomusa ekujuleni kolwandle. Lolu uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwezinhlanzi ezithengiswayo, okukhumbuza i-horse mackerel ejwayelekile ekunambithekeni, futhi inikezwa kuzo zonke izindawo zokudlela zezinhlanzi emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo naseziqhingini ezingaphandle.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01/20/2020
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 04.10.2019 ngo-22: 22
