I-Saika iyinhlanzi ye-pelagic yomndeni we-cod, okuyiyona nto edotshwa ngenhloso yokwenza inzuzo futhi ithanda kuphela amazinga okushisa wamanzi aphansi. Lapho izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lolwandle nezilwandle lenyukela kuma-degree amahlanu ngaphezu kuka-zero, akusakwazi ukuhlangana ne-Arctic cod.
Incazelo yamakhekhe
I-Saika, futhi iyi-cod polar, ukuphela kwezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-monotopic lwama-saikas. I-Arctic, amanzi abandayo, izinhlanzi ze-cryopelagian, kungokwe-oda le-cod-like. Isimo somzimba wayo sifana kakhulu nesekhodi, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuwaphambanisa, ngoba i-cod incane kakhulu. Kuhlala indawo yase-Arctic, kanye namachibi akhiwa amunyu nemifula esenyakatho yemifula.
Ukubukeka
Enye yezinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu zomndeni wama-cod... Ubude bomzimba buvamise ukuba ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya kumashumi amathathu. Ubude obufinyelela kule nhlanzi ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane nanhlanu. Isisindo esingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili namashumi amahlanu amagremu. Umzimba ovulekile uvalwe kakhulu eduze komsila. Ibanga elikhulu phakathi kwe-dorsal ne-anal fin. I-fin ye-caudal ine-notch ejulile, kanti i-ventral fin ine-ray filamentous.
Inhloko ayinkulu ngokulingana. Amehlo ekhodi yase-Arctic akhishwa, kunalokho makhulu futhi makhulu ngobubanzi kunokuphakama kwesiqu somsila. Inomhlathi ophansi ocacile onentshebe encane ekugcineni, engabonakali njalo. Umhlane nekhanda kunsundu ngokumpunga. Emaceleni nasesiswini kukhona okumpunga okusasiliva okunombala ophuzi, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala umbala ophephuli. Umzimba omncane nomude usiza izinhlanzi ukubhukuda ngokushesha. Shimmering from dark on top to silver on the bottom, umbala usindisa ezitheni ezisebenzisa i-cod ukudla.
Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila
I-saika iyinhlanzi efunda isikole, ngakho-ke ifuduka ibheke phezulu. Ekuseni nakusihlwa, iyacwila isondele ezansi, kuthi emini nasebusuku ibambe wonke amanzi. Inhlanzi emelana namakhaza kakhulu ihlala eduze kwamanzi olwandle, eduze neqhwa elincibilikayo. Ikhetha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi eduze no-0, noma ngamanani amabi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amazinga okushisa aphansi (acishe afike kuma-zero degrees) asiza ibhayisikili ukumelana nokuba khona kwe-antifreeze yemvelo emzimbeni wayo. I-glycoprotein ekhethekile evimbela ukubanda.
Ekwindla, i-Arctic cod ibuthana ngemihlambi emikhulu, ngokungafani nasehlobo, ibhukude iye ogwini. Bahlala emilanjeni yemifula nasemanzini asogwini.
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani umbhede
I-saika ibhekwa njengenhlanzi ehlala isikhathi eside. Ngokwesilinganiso, inhlanzi iphila iminyaka emihlanu. Endle, ubude besikhathi sokuphila se-Arctic cod abukho ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho, le mpilo yinde.
Indawo yokuhlala
Izinhlanzi zase-Arctic cod zitholakala kunoma yiluphi ulwandle oluyingxenye ye-Arctic Ocean... Itholakala ngaphansi kwezintaba zeqhwa ezintantayo nasemanzini asogwini. I-cod ayizikeli ekujuleni okungaphansi kwamamitha angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye. Ubhukuda ubheke enyakatho aye ema-degree angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu asenyakatho. Inani elikhulu lama-saika ahlala oLwandle lwaseKara, ezindaweni eziseMpumalanga zeNovaya Zemlya, ePyasinsky naseYenisei bays.
Ukudla kweSaika
Izinhlanzi zondla i-phytoplankton, i-zooplankton, i-euphause crayfish encane nezinhlanzi ezincane ezifana ne-gerbil ne-smelt.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Isikhathi sokuthomba kukhodi yase-Arctic siqala eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine, nalapho ubude bomzimba bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye kuya kumashumi amabili. Ekwindla nasebusika, izinhlanzi ziqala ukuzala. I-caviar yabo iyamelana nesithwathwa futhi ibhukuda kahle, ngakho-ke ukushisa kwamanzi okuphansi kangako akubalulekile ekubukeni kwenzalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, zibhukuda ziye ogwini futhi azidli lutho.
Kuyathakazelisa!Inhlanzi ngayinye ithela izithelo kusuka emaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa kuya kwangamashumi amahlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho i-cod yase-Arctic ibhukuda ibuyele olwandle, bese amaqanda athuthelwa kude namanje kude nendawo yokubeka. Izinyanga ezine iyakhukhuleka futhi ikhule, futhi ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo gazinga kuvela.
Zikhula ngokushesha, sezineminyaka emithathu ubudala, ubude bomzimba bufinyelela amasentimitha ayishumi nesikhombisa. Njalo ngonyaka i-cod ingeza ngamasentimitha amabili kuya kwamathathu ukuphakama. Zondla ekuqaleni ngama-plankton amancane ahlala olwandle nasolwandle. Njengoba bekhula, gazinga baqala ukuzingela izinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu. Inhlanzi enjalo izala kanye empilweni.
Izitha zemvelo
I-saika ingukudla okuyigugu kakhulu kubahlali bolwandle, kanye nogu lwayo. Izimpungushe ze-polar, amabhere we-polar, izimvu zamanzi, imikhomo ye-beluga, i-narwhal, izinyoni ezidla inyama nezinhlanzi zidla ikhodi yase-Arctic. Kwabaningi babo, kuyisilwane abayintandokazi nokudla okuyisisekelo. Abantu bazingela i-Arctic cod unyaka wonke, kusukela ekwindla.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Inombolo yangaphakathi yale nhlanzi ayizinzile futhi iyaguquguquka njalo.... Kunezikhathi lapho iqongelela emhlambini omkhulu ngokwanele. Kwezinhlobo eziyikhulu, abamele abahlukene bahlukile, abahlukile komunye nomunye ngosayizi ohluke ngokuphelele.
Izinhlobo ezidla i-plankton zincane ngosayizi kunalezo ezondla izinto eziphilayo ezinkulu. Ummeli omncane kunabo bonke - i-gadikul yolwandle olujulile, ubude balo abudluli amasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu. I-Molva ne-Atlantic cod ziphakathi kwamakhulu amakhulu futhi afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.8 ubude.
Inani lokuhweba
I-Saika ayiyona inhlanzi ebalulekile yokuhweba... Inyama yayo emhlophe emhlophe icebile ngamaprotheni, kodwa iyakhaba futhi iyamanzi, kwesinye isikhathi inambitheka ebabayo. Akuhlukile ngokuthanda kwayo okuhle, ngakho-ke idinga ukucubungulwa. Inhlanzi iyomiswa futhi iyabhenywa, isetshenziselwa ukudla okusemathinini. Ilungele ukwenza ufulawa wezinhlanzi nokuphakelwa kwezilwane. Isidumbu sakhe sinamathambo amaningi nemfucuza.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ekwindla, i-Arctic cod iya entshonalanga naseningizimu. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi, izinhlanzi ziqala "zhor", ngalesi sikhathi ziyadotshwa.
Inyama yeSaika, yize ingeyona emnandi kakhulu, inomsoco impela.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Ukuphuza izinhlanzi
- I-Goldfish
- Inhlanzi empunga
- Izinhlanzi ezipinki zesalmon
Iqukethe i-omega-3 acid, amaprotheni amaningi kanye namaminerali, futhi ine-iodine ephezulu. Inyama yale nhlanzi inama-calories amancane, ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengokudla, futhi kulula nokugaya. Akukho okuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kukakhokho, okuwukuphela kokungabekezelelani ngakunye kwalo mkhiqizo.
