Igundane elikhulu lokufaka izidleke (i-Leporillus conditor) liyigundane elincane elivela esiqeshini sezilwane.
Ukusabalala kwegundane elihle lokufaka izidleke.
Igundane elikhulu lokwakha izidleke lisatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziseningizimu nezomile kakhulu eningizimu ye-Australia, kufaka phakathi izintaba. Ukusatshalaliswa akulingani, namagundane akhetha izihlahlana ezingapheli ezinomsoco ezingapheli. Ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, inani lamagundane lehle kakhulu ngenxa yokufa kwabantu bezwekazi. Babili kuphela abantu abancane, abaqhelelene abasala eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga Franklin Island esiQhingini saseNuyt ngasogwini lwaseNingizimu Australia. Le ndawo ihlala amagundane angaba ngu-1000.
Indawo yokuhlala yegundane elikhulu lokufaka izidleke.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku ahlala ezindundumeni, phakathi kwawo akha izidleke ezivamile ngezinti ezihlangene, amatshe, utshani, amaqabunga, izimbali, amathambo kanye nendle.
Ezindaweni ezomile, kusetshenziswa izambulela zomtholo ezomile kanye namaqabunga amancane ezihlahlana ezikhula kancane ekwakheni izindawo zokukhosela, kwesinye isikhathi bahlala ezidlekeni ezilahliwe zezimbongolo ezimhlophe. Ngaphezu kwezihlahla, amagundane angasebenzisa izindawo zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene.
Ngaphakathi kwezidleke zazo, amagundane akha amakamelo agcwele izinduku ezincanyana namagxolo ahlutshiwe, akha imihubhe ephuma egumbini eliphakathi nendawo.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku akha izindlu ngenhla nangaphansi komhlaba, ngokungena okungaphezu koyedwa kufihlwe ngaphansi kwenqwaba yezinti. Izindawo zokukhosela phansi ziphakama ngamasentimitha angama-50 ngaphezu komhlaba futhi zinobubanzi obungu-cm 80. Abesifazane benza umsebenzi omningi. Amagundane abuye asebenzise imingxunya engaphansi komhlaba yezinye izinhlobo. Lezi yizidleke ezinkulu zomphakathi lapho izilwane zihlala khona ezizukulwaneni eziningana ezizayo. Leli koloni livame ukuba nabantu abayi-10 kuya kwabangu-20, leli qembu liqukethe umuntu wesifazane oyedwa osekhulile namantshontsho akhe amaningana, futhi imvamisa kuba khona owesilisa omdala oyedwa. Owesifazane osekhulile uvame ukuphatha ngolaka owesilisa, kulokhu ufuna isiphephelo esisha kude nokuhlala kweqembu elikhulu. Kwezinye izindawo eziqhingini ezisogwini, amagundane abesifazane angahlala endaweni encane, ezinzile, kuyilapho amagundane angamaduna esebenzisa ibanga elibanzi.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesilinganiso esikhulu sezidleke.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku ambozwe ngoboya obuzotho obuphuzi nsundu noma mpunga. Amabele abo anombala okhilimu futhi imilenze yabo yangemuva inezimpawu ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ngaphezulu. Ikhanda legundane lihlangene nezindlebe ezinkulu nekhala elibuthuntu. Ama-incisors abo akhula njalo, okubavumela ukuthi badle imbewu eqinile futhi badle izinduku zokwakha izidleke. Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku afinyelela ku-26 cm ubude futhi anesisindo esingaba ngu-300 - 450 g.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwegundane elikhulu lokufaka izidleke.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku yizilwane ze-polyandric. Kepha imvamisa, abesifazane bahlangana nowesilisa oyedwa.
Inani lamawundlu lincike kakhulu ezimweni zokuphila endle. Izinsikazi zizala izinyane elilodwa noma amabili, kanti ekuthunjweni zizala ngaphezu kwezine. Amathole azalelwa esidlekeni futhi anamathisela ngokuqinile izingono zikanina. Zikhula ngokushesha futhi zishiya isidleke zodwa zinezinyanga ezimbili, kepha zisakuthola ukudla kunina ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukuziphatha kwegundane elikhulu lokufaka izidleke.
Kunolwazi oluncane olutholakalayo maqondana nokuziphatha okujwayelekile kwamagundane amakhulu okushutheka izinduku. Lezi yizilwane ezihlala kancane. Owesilisa ngamunye unesakhiwo esiphambana nendawo yowesifazane ohlala eduze. Esikhathini esiningi, owesilisa oyedwa wakha umbhangqwana naye, kwesinye isikhathi bahlangana ndawonye, kepha ebusuku kuphela nangemva kokulungela kwesifazane ukuzala. Amagundane amakhulu okuzala izidleke yizilwane ezizolile. Isikhathi esiningi siba sebusuku. Baphumela ngaphandle ebusuku futhi bahlala ngaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-150 ukusuka emnyango wokukhosela.
Ukudla igundane elikhulu lokufaka izidleke.
Amagundane amakhulu azalela izidleke adla izitshalo ezahlukahlukene endaweni eyomile.
Badla amaqabunga amnandi, izithelo, imbewu kanye namahlumela ezihlahla ezinamanzi ezinomsoco.
Zikhetha izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinamanzi amaningi. Ikakhulu, badla izitshalo zasogwadule ezingapheli: i-bubbly quinoa, i-enkilena eqothukile, i-ragodia enezinhlamvu ezijiyile, ama-hunniopsis asikwe kane, i-saltpeter kaBillardier, i-Rossi carpobrotus.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku, njengomthetho, adla inani elincane lamaqabunga amancane ezitshalo. Zikhombisa ubukhazikhazi obumangalisayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngesikhathi sokudla, zikhuphuka emahlathini bese zidonsela amagatsha eduze kwazo ukuze zifike emaqabungeni amancane nezithelo ezivuthiwe, zihlale zifuna udoti, zifuna imbewu.
Izinsongo kusibalo esikhulu samagundane esidala izinduku.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku ayancipha ngamanani ikakhulu ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo nokucekelwa phansi kotshani yimihlambi emikhulu yezimvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwesikhathi esisodwa esomile, lolu hlobo lwanyamalala endaweni yalo yemvelo. Izilwane ezidla ezinye, imililo esakazeke yonke indawo, izifo kanye nesomiso yizona ezikhathaza kakhulu, kepha ukuhlaselwa yizilwane zasendle kusalokhu kuyisongo esikhulu kunazo zonke. Esiqhingini iFranklin Island, amagundane amakhulu akha izidleke enza cishe ama-91% wokudla kwezikhova futhi abuye adliwe kakhulu yinyoka emnyama. Esiqhingini saseSt. Peter, izilwane ezidla ezinye eziyinhloko ezibulala amagundane angavamile izinyoka zamahlosi amnyama futhi ziqapha izibankwa ezigcinwe eziqhingini. Ezwekazini, ama-dingo ayingozi enkulu kunazo zonke.
Okusho umuntu.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku ayisihloko esibalulekile sokutadisha izinguquko zofuzo ezenzeka kubantu bezilwane abaphinde babuye. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa ucwaningo, kwatholakala ukuthi kunendawo eyishumi nambili yama-polymorphic loci, edingekayo ukuze kuqondwe umehluko wezakhi zofuzo phakathi kwabantu abahlala ekuthunjweni namagundane kubantu abaphinde bangeniswa. Imiphumela etholakele iyasebenza ukuchaza umehluko wezakhi zofuzo phakathi kwabantu bezinye izinhlobo zezilwane nabantu abagcinwe ekuthunjweni.
Isimo sokonga segundane elihle lokufaka izidleke.
Amagundane amakhulu okuzala izidleke afuyelwa ekuthunjweni kusukela maphakathi nawo-1980. Ngo-1997, kwakhululwa amagundane ayisishiyagalombili esifundeni esomile saseRoxby Downs, esisenyakatho yeNingizimu Australia. Le phrojekthi ibithathwa njengephumelelayo. Abantu ababuyiselwe kabusha bahlala eHarisson Island (eWestern Australia), eSt. Peter Island, eReevesby Island, eVenus Bay Conservation Park (eSouth Australia), naseScotland Sanctuary (eNew South Wales). Imizamo eminingi yokubuyisa amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku ezwekazini i-Australia yehlulekile ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwamagundane yizilwane ezidla ezinye (izikhova, amakati asendle nezimpungushe). Izinhlelo ezikhona zokongiwa kwalezi zinhlobo ezingavamile zifaka phakathi ukunciphisa usongo lokuhlaselwa yimpungushe ebomvu yaseYurophu, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nocwaningo oluqhubekayo ngezinguquko zofuzo. Amagundane amakhulu okuzalela izinduku abhalwe njengabasengozini kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN. Zibhalwe ku-CITES (Isithasiselo I).
