Idada le-canvas (elaziwa ngokuthi idada elinekhanda elibomvu laseMelika, isiLatin - i-Aythya americana) lingelomndeni wedada, i-anseriformes oda.
Ukudilika kwe-Canvas kusakazekile.
Idada laseseyili litholakala emathafeni asenkabeni yeNyakatho Melika, kufaka phakathi i-United States evela eColorado naseNevada, North British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Yukon naseCentral Alaska. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, selisakazekele enyakatho. Ukubanda kwezulu kwenzeka kule ndawo kusuka oLwandlekazi iPacific Northwest, eningizimu yeGreat Lakes naseningizimu kuya eFlorida, Mexico naseCalifornia. Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kakhulu kwasebusika kwenzeka eLake St. Clair, eMfuleni iDetroit nasempumalanga yeLake Erie, iPuget Sound, iSan Francisco Bay, iMississippi Delta, iChesapeake Bay, neCarrituck.
Izwa izwi lokuntywila ngendwangu.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-canvas dive.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, ama-canvas dives atholakala ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane, lapho i-current ihamba kancane. Zakha ezindaweni ezinamachibi amancane namachibi, emigodini enezimila eziminyene ezihlumayo ezifana ne-cattail, umhlanga, nomhlanga. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka nasebusika, bahlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi anokudla okuphezulu, emilonyeni yemifula, emachibini amakhulu, ezindaweni ezingasogwini nasemabhishi, nasezilwandle zemifula emikhulu. Endleleni, bayama emasimini nasemachibini agcwele amanzi.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zokudilika ngendwangu.
Ama-Canvas dives angama "aristocrats" angempela phakathi kwamadada, athola leyo ncazelo ngokubukeka kwawo okuhle. Lawa ngamadada amakhulu okuntywila. Abesilisa bakhulu kancane kunabesifazane, kusuka ku-51 kuye ku-56 cm ubude. Banesisindo esingu-863 kuya ku-1.589 g. Abesifazane abanobude bomzimba kusuka ku-48 kuye ku-52 cm nesisindo esisuka ku-908 kuye ku-1.543 g.
Ama-Canvas dives ahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zamadada hhayi ngosayizi wawo omkhulu kuphela, kepha nangobuciko bawo obunobude obude, ikhanda elimise okwekhanda, elihlala ngqo entanyeni ende. Abesilisa abanezimpaphe zokuzalela, abangaguquki unyaka wonke, banekhanda nentamo nsundu ngokubomvu. Isifuba simnyama, amaphiko amhlophe, izinhlangothi nesisu. Izimpaphe ezingaphezulu nezomsila zimnyama. Imilenze iyimpunga emnyama nomlomo umnyama. Abesifazane banemibala enesizotha, kodwa iyafana neyabesilisa. Ikhanda nentamo kunsundu. Izimpiko, izinhlangothi, nesisu kumhlophe noma mpunga, kanti umsila nesifuba kunsundu onsundu. Ama-diving amancane we-canvas anezimpaphe ezinombala onsundu.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-canvas dive.
Ukuntywila emanzini kwenziwa ngababili ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwentwasahlobo futhi imvamisa kuhlala nomlingani phakathi nenkathi, yize kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa behlangana nabanye besifazane. Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, insikazi izungezwe abesilisa abathathu kuya kwabangu-8. Zidonsa insikazi, zolule intamo yazo phezulu, ziphonse ikhanda phambili, bese zibuyisela ikhanda lazo emuva.
Owesifazane ukhetha izindawo ezifanayo zokwakha izidleke njalo ngonyaka. Izindawo zokwakha izidleke zinqunywa ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, kepha ukuphakama kwezidleke kwenzeka ngoMeyi-Juni. Izinyoni ezimbili zinezinyane elilodwa ngonyaka, yize amadada ephinda azale uma ibhubesi lokuqala libhujiswa. Izidleke zakhiwa ezimileni ezikhulayo ngaphezu kwamanzi, yize kwesinye isikhathi zakha izidleke emhlabathini oseduze kwamanzi. Abesifazane babeka amaqanda ama-5 kuye kwayi-11 abushelelezi, ayisiyingi, anombala oluhlaza okotshani.
Ku-clutch, kuya ngesifunda, kunamaqanda ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 esidlekeni ngasinye, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu ngenxa yesidleke se-parasitism. Ukufukamela kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-24 - 29. Abatshuzi abasebasha bangabhukuda bathole ukudla khona lapho. Lapho insikazi ibona umhlaseli eduze kwamantshontsho, ibhukuda buthule isuse ukunaka ukunaka. Idada lixwayisa amachwane amadala ngezwi ukuze babe nesikhathi sokucasha ezimileni eziminyene. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, izinyoni zakha amaqembu amakhulu, okusiza ukugwema ukuhlaselwa yizilwane ezizingelayo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, afinyelela ku-60% amaphuphu afa.
Amatshwele azibekela phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-56 nezingama-68 ubudala.
Abesifazane bakha izidleke ngezitshalo nezimpaphe. Eziduna zivikela ngamandla indawo yazo yokwakha izidleke nezidleke, ikakhulukazi ngesonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuqala kokufukamela. Bese bachitha isikhathi esincane eduze kwesidleke. Izinsikazi ziyashiya esidlekeni zihlangene namantshontsho kungakapheli amahora angama-24 kuvele amatshwele bese ziya emadamini amakhulu anezimila eziningi ezivelayo.
Zihlala namantshontsho amadada zize zifuduke futhi zivikeleke ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ama-Canvas dives ahlala endaweni yawo yemvelo isikhathi esingangeminyaka engama-22 nezinyanga eziyi-7. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba, amadada amancane akha amaqembu ukulungiselela ukufuduka. Zizala ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izinga lokusinda lonyaka lokudilika kwabantu abadala lilinganiselwa kuma-82% kwabesilisa naku-69% kwabesifazane. Esikhathini esiningi, amadada abulawa ngokuzingela, ukushayisana, ubuthi bezibulala-zinambuzane nasesikhathini sezulu esibandayo.
Izici zokuziphatha kokudilika ngendwangu.
Ama-Canvas dives ayasebenza emini. Ziyizinyoni zomphakathi futhi zifuduka ngezikhathi ezithile emva kokuzala. Zindiza ngemihlambi emise okwama-V mahhala ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-90 km / h. Ngaphambi kokuhamba, basakazeka emanzini. La madada angabagijimi abasebenza kahle nabanamandla, imilenze yabo isemuva komzimba. Bachitha isikhathi sabo esifinyelela ku-20% emanzini bese bejula ngokujula okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-9. Zihlala ngaphansi kwamanzi amasekhondi ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Izindawo zokuzalela zishintsha ngosayizi ngenkathi yokuzalanisa. Indawo yokwakha izidleke ingamahektha angama-73 ngaphambi kokufukamela, bese inyuka iye kumahektha ayi-150 ngaphambi kokubeka, bese iyancipha ibe ngamahektha angama-25 lapho amaqanda esezelwe vele.
Ukudla kwe-Canvas dive.
Ama-Canvas dives ayizinyoni ezi-omnivorous. Ngesikhathi sasebusika kanye nokufuduka, zidla izimila zasemanzini kufaka phakathi amaqabunga, izimpande, izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nama-rhizomes. Badla ama-gastropods amancane nama-bivalve molluscs ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, badla iminenke, izibungu ze-caddis kanye nezimpungushe zikajekamanzi nama-mayflies, izibungu zomiyane - izinsimbi. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, ama-canvas dives adla emihlambini yezinyoni ezingafika ku-1000 ikakhulukazi ekuseni nakusihlwa. La madada okuntywila abamba ukudla lapho etshuza noma ebamba inyamazane ebusweni bamanzi noma emoyeni.
Isimo sokonga sokuntywila ngendwangu.
Ama-Canvas dives avikelwe, njengoba evikelekile njengezilwane ezifudukayo e-United States, Mexico nase Canada. Lolu hlobo alutholi izinsongo ezinamandla ezinombolweni zalo. Kodwa-ke, izinombolo zezinyoni ziyancipha ngenxa yokudutshulwa, ukonakaliswa kwendawo, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo nokushayisana nezimoto noma izinto ezimile.
Ukuzingela ekwindla kunethonya elinamandla ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwezinyoni. Ngo-1999, balinganiselwa ku-87 000 abantu ababulawa e-United States. Ama-Canvas dives nawo angabanjwa ubuthi obuqongelela ezinsweni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemisebenzi ephezulu yezimboni efana noMfula iDetroit. Izinhlobo Zokukhathazeka Okungencane nge-IUCN.
