I-Citron noma i-lemon cichlazoma (i-Latin Amphilophus citrinellus, eyayiyi-Cichlasoma citrinellum) iyinhlanzi enkulu, edonsa amehlo, kanokusho ye-aquarium yombukiso.
Kukholelwa ukuthi kwakuyi-citron cichlazoma eyasebenza njengesisekelo sokwakhiwa kohlobo olusha, oluyingqayizivele lwezinhlanzi - uphondo lwembali.
ICitron cichlazoma ivame ukudideka nolunye uhlobo, olufana kakhulu - i-cichlazoma labiatus (Amphilophus labiatus). Futhi kweminye imithombo, babhekwa njengenhlanzi eyodwa. Yize ngaphandle behlukile kakhulu, bahlukile ngokwezakhi zofuzo.
Isibonelo, i-cichlazoma kalamula incane ngosayizi futhi ifinyelela ku-25 - 35 cm, kanti i-labiatum ingamasentimitha angama-28. Izindawo zabo zokuhlala nazo zihlukile, i-citron ingeyaseCosta Rica naseNicaragua, kanti i-labiatum ihlala emachibini aseNicaragua kuphela.
Esinye sezizathu zalolu shintsho ukuthi inani le-lemon cichlazoma emvelweni lehle kakhulu, futhi okufunwayo kuphezulu, futhi abathengisi baqala ukuthengisa ezinye izinhlanzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-citron, ikakhulukazi njengoba zifana kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, konke kudidekile, futhi izinhlanzi eziningi ezidayiswa ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa empeleni ziyinhlanganisela phakathi kwe-citron cichlazoma ne-labiatum.
ICitron cichlazoma ayithobeki kangako, kepha idinga ama-aquariums avulekile. Kuyinhlanzi ezolile impela uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-cichlids aseNingizimu Melika, kepha iba nolaka uma igcinwa ku-aquarium enyinyekile.
Iqiniso ngukuthi emvelweni bavikela indawo abahlala kuyo, futhi baba nolaka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukuphila emvelweni
ICitron cichlazoma yachazwa okokuqala nguGunther ngo-1864. Uhlala e-Central America: emachibini aseCosta Rica naseNicaragua. Lawa ngamachibi ase-Aroyo, eMasaya, eNicaragua, eManagua, ezimweni ezingavamile atholakala emifuleni egeleza kancane.
Bakhetha amanzi amile futhi afudumele anokujula kusuka kumitha eli-1 kuye kwayi-5. Imvamisa, izindawo lapho kunamatshe amaningi nezimpande zezihlahla zigcinwa khona, ezindaweni ezinjalo kuneminenke eminingi, izinhlanzi ezincane, gazinga, izinambuzane kanye nezinye izakhamuzi zasemanzini ezakha i-lemon cichlazoma.
Incazelo
ICitron cichlazoma inomzimba onamandla futhi oqinile onamaphiko akhombe endunu nangasemuva. Lawa ma-cichlids makhulu, afinyelela kubude bomzimba obungu-25-25 cm.
Yize bobabili owesilisa nowesifazane bekhulisa isigaxa esinamafutha lapho befika ebusheni, kowesilisa kukhula kakhulu.
Isikhathi esiphakathi se-citron cichlazoma siyiminyaka eyi-10-12.
Umbala we-cichlazoma citron emvelweni uyazivikela, unombala onsundu noma ompunga, unemivimbo eyisithupha emnyama ezinhlangothini.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abahlala e-aquarium banombala ophuzi ogqamile, ababizwa ngalo - i-lemon cichlazoma, yize kutholakala okuhlukile ngombala omnyama.
Lawa ma-cichlids akhiqiza kabusha ngenkuthalo e-aquarium, futhi manje, ngaphezu kokuphuzi, inani elikhulu lamafomu ombala ahlukene selakhiwe. Imibala iphuzi, i-orange, imhlophe futhi inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yemibala yabo ehlukene.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
ICitron Cichlid yinhlanzi enkulu, futhi engaba nolaka okufanele igcinwe ngama-aquarists anolwazi oluthile ngama-cichlids amakhulu.
Kepha, uma usaqala futhi ufuna ukuqala inhlanzi enjalo, akunankinga, kwanele ukulungiselela kahle futhi wazi ngezici zayo.
Into esemqoka yi-aquarium ebanzi nezinhlobo eziningana zomakhelwane abakhulu kakhulu.
Ukondla
Ama-omnivores, udle zonke izinhlobo zokudla okubukhoma, okubandayo nokwenziwe e-aquarium. Isisekelo sokondla kungaba ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kwama-cichlids amakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho bondla izinhlanzi ngokudla okuphilayo: ama-bloodworms, i-cortetra, i-brine shrimp, i-tubifex, i-gammarus, izikelemu, amakhilikithi, inyama yezimbaza kanye nemfanzi, imicu yezinhlanzi.
Ungasebenzisa futhi ukudla nge-spirulina njengesithiyelo, noma imifino: ikhukhamba eliqoshiwe ne-zucchini, isaladi. Ukondliwa kwefayibha kuvimbela ukukhula kwesifo esivamile lapho kuvela inxeba lama-cichlids enxebeni elingapholi futhi inhlanzi ifa naphezu kokwelashwa.
Kungcono ukuyondla kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, ngezingxenye ezincane, ukugwema ukuqongelela imfucumfucu yokudla emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukondla izilwane ezincelisayo, ezazidume kakhulu esikhathini esedlule, manje sekuthathwa njengokuyingozi.
Inyama enjalo iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaprotheni namafutha, okuyinto inhlanzi yokugaya ukudla engagayeki kahle.
Ngenxa yalokho, inhlanzi ikhula ikhuluphele, umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi uphazamiseka. Ukudla okunjalo kunganikezwa, kepha akuvamile, cishe kanye ngesonto.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Njengama-cichlids amaningi aseMelika Ephakathi, i-citron idinga ama-aquariums amakhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma igcinwa nezinye izinhlanzi.
Owesifazane oyedwa udinga cishe amalitha angama-200, owesilisa ongu-250, bese kuthi abambalwa babe ngama-450-500. Uma uzigcina nezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu, khona-ke ivolumu kufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulwa akunakugwenywa.
Ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kanye nezinguquko zamanzi zamasonto onke ziyadingeka, kuze kufike ku-20% wevolumu.
Amapharamitha wamanzi wokuqukethwe kwe-citron cichlazoma: 22-27 ° C, ph: 6.6-7.3, 10 - 20 dGH.
Ukuhlobisa nemishini ese-aquarium kufanele ivikelwe, ngoba izinhlanzi zingayilimaza, ziyishukumise futhi ziyiphule. Kungakuhle ukuthi ufihle i-heater ngemuva kwento ethile. I-aquarium idinga ukumbozwa, njengoba inhlanzi ingagxuma iphume kuyo.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi njengenhlabathi, nezinkuni ezinkulu zokukhukhumeza namatshe wokuhlobisa. AmaCitron cichlazomas akumba i-aquarium ngenkuthalo, futhi izitshalo azisindi kuyo, futhi, nakanjani bazozama ukuzidla.
Uma udinga izitshalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zepulasitiki noma ezinamaqabunga aqinile ezitshalwe ezimbizeni.
Ukuhambisana
Kungcono ukugcina ama-cichlases e-citron ngababili, ku-aquarium ehlukile evulekile. Kuyinhlanzi enkulu futhi enobudlova, kepha ku-aquarium ebanzi kungabekezelela amanye ama-cichlids amakhulu eNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi.
E-aquarium eminyene, izimpi azinakugwenywa. Kungagcinwa nge: uphondo lwembali, ama-severums, i-managuan cichlazoma, i-astronotus, i-Nicaragua cichlazoma.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Abesilisa abadala be-citron cichlazoma bakhulu kunabesifazane, banamaphiko amaningi wangemuva nangasemuva, nesigaxa esikhulu samafutha ekhanda. Le khoni ihlala ikhona ezinhlanzini e-aquarium, kepha emvelweni ibonakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Insikazi incane kakhulu ngosayizi futhi ineqhubu elincane kakhulu.
Ukuzala
E-aquarium, ama-citron cichlazomas akhiqiza ngokuzikhandla. Ukuze benze lokhu, badinga uhlobo oluthile lokukhosela, umhume, ukuvinjelwa kweziqubu, imbiza yezimbali. Isiko lokukhwelana liqala lapho lezi zithandani zibhukuda zizungeza zibhekane ngapha nangapha amaphiko evulekile nemilomo ivulekile.
Ngesikhathi semidlalo enjalo, isigaxa esinonile kuzo zombili izinhlanzi sikhula kakhulu. Le midlalo yangaphambi kokuzalela ingahlala kusuka emavikini amabili kuye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba inhlanzi iqale ukuzala.
Kepha khumbula ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi owesilisa angaba nolaka kowesifazane. Uma eqala ukumshaya, bese ufaka inetha lokuhlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane.
Abanye abalimi benza inetha ukuze kube khona izimbobo kulo, lapho insikazi encane ingashelela ngokukhululeka uma kwenzeka kuba nolaka. Lapho isiko seliphelile, baqala ukuhlanza phansi, beye engilazini.
Uma ubona lokhu, susa inetha, kodwa uqiniseke ukuthi owesilisa akayishayi eyensikazi.
Owesifazane uzobeka phansi itshe noma izindonga zomhume noma imbiza, owesilisa azomvundisa. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezi-2-5, isibungu sizobhuqa, futhi abazali ngeke bawadle amaqanda avundisiwe. Abazali bangahambisa izibungu baye kwenye, indawo engakaphambi kokumba.
Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-5-7, gazinga lizobhukuda bese liqala ukondla. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi kuqhubeke, owesilisa angaphinda abone owesifazane njengosongo, ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ngenetha lokwehlukanisa.
Uma ufaka ifry, owesilisa angazama ukuqala ukuzala futhi, kepha owesifazane akakulungele futhi owesilisa angambulala kalula. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukushiya ifry nabazali babo. Akunzima ukubondla, ukuqala kokudla kwe-brine shrimp nauplii.
