UMink, indlovukazi yezilwane ezinoboya
Ngenxa yoboya bayo obuhle futhi obuyigugu, i-mink yaziwa emhlabeni wonke futhi ithathwa njenge "ndlovukazi" yangempela phakathi kwezilwane ezithwala uboya. Umoya wesimanje usuphenduke ukufuywa kwezilwane ezinenkani ezingathokozi ngokuthakazelisa kwazo kuphela, kepha nangomlingiswa odlalayo odlalayo.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo imink
UMink ungummeleli womndeni wamaMarten, izilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo. Lesi silwane sincane ngosayizi, size sifike ku-50 cm ubude, sinwetshiwe ngokuma komzimba, simise okwe-roller. Ubude bomsila omncane abudluli ku-15-18 cm, isifonyo siwumngcingo, sinezindlebe ezincane, cishe esingabonakali ejazini eliwugqinsi.
Amehlo anjengobuhlalu obumnyama, ayabukeka futhi ayavezwa. Imilenze imifushane, imbozwe ngoboya, izinzwani zinikezwa ulwelwesi oluthiwe, ikakhulukazi lubanzi emilenzeni yangemuva.
Ekuhambeni kwe-mink, ukubhampa kuyabanjwa. Isisindo somuntu sisuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-3 kg, abesilisa bahlala njalo bebakhulu kunabesifazane. Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu emndenini weasasel yi-ferrets, i-weasel ne-ermine.
Ijazi elinoboya obufushane, obushelelezi, obukhulu futhi obuvikelwe kangangokuba emva kokuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini, izinwele zeminki azimanzi. Ukushintshwa kwezinkathi akuthinti ukwakheka koboya. Umbala ubukhulu becala yi-monochromatic, kusuka kobomvu kuya kokusundu okumnyama, kucishe kube mnyama. Esiswini, ithoni ilula, futhi emilenzeni nasemsileni, imibala ejiyile.
Imvamisa kukhona indawo ekhanyayo ngaphansi komlomo, kwesinye isikhathi itholakala esifubeni sesilwane noma esiswini. Njengamanje, iminyuzi yemibala ehlukahlukene yoboya ikhiqiziwe: okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumhlophe, i-lilac - ukuhlukahluka kombala okungaphezu kwama-60 sekukonke.
Isilwane sibhukuda kahle, ngakho-ke sihlala siseduze nemizimba yamanzi: eduze kwemifula, amachibi, iziteshi. Imink ibukeka kanjani, kungabonwa ngamanzi: isilwane ubuciko obungajwayelekile, ukuguquguquka komzimba, ubugagu, ukushesha kuyizinto zemvelo. Ikhetha izindawo zokuzinza eduze kwezihlahla ezigawuliwe, izingwegwe ziphumele phezulu kanye nezimpande ezihlangene.
Incazelo yemink yezilwane Ngokwemvelo, kuthinta izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezilwane: iYurophu neMelika. Zonke izinhlobo zisondelene kakhulu. Izinhlobo zaseMelika ezilinywe ngoboya kukholakala ukuthi zavela kolwaseYurophu, zikhudlwana kancane kunalokho obekufundwa phambilini izilwane. Intengo yeMink I-American ephakeme ngoboya obuqinile.
Ububanzi bezinhlobo ze-mink zaseYurophu busuka eFinland buye eziNtabeni zase-Ural. Eningizimu, umngcele womlando wokusatshalaliswa umakwe yizintaba zaseCaucasus kanye nezindawo ezisenyakatho yeSpain. Ukuvela okungajwayelekile kwesilwane kubonakale eFrance, okukhombisa ukuhamba kwaso entshonalanga.
Ngokuvamile, inani le-mink lehliswe kakhulu ngenxa yokuzingelwa kwezohwebo ngenxa yoboya obufudumele nobuhle. Inani labantu ligcinwa kuphela ezindaweni zasendaweni, isilwane sibhalwe kuRed Book futhi sivikelwe ngumthetho kuwo wonke amazwe.
UMink uyisilwane ukushaya ikhwela, kudlulisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo lwe-semantic shades:
- ngokucijile futhi kafushane - ukubonakaliswa kwentukuthelo nokwesaba;
- ukuthamba nokukhala - ucingo ngesikhathi se-rut;
- buthule futhi ngomoya ophansi - ukuxhumana nenzalo.
Abanikazi bamaminks asekhaya baqonda kahle ulimi lwabo futhi balwela ukwenza ukuxhumana kube bushelelezi futhi kube yimfihlo. Izilwane zinenhliziyo ebuthakathaka. Ukwesaba kungasiqeda isilwane, yize futhi kusazi ukuthi singazivikela kanjani.
Bathatha iminks ezandleni zabo kumagilavu akhethekile avikela izandla zabo ekulunyweni. Izilwane zinesikhali esisodwa: njenge-skunk edumile, ingafutha uketshezi olunephunga elithusa izitha. Mink njengesilwane esifuywayo kuyaqabukela ukukhosela ekuvikelweni okunjalo.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Isimo semink sinempilo futhi siyashesha. Uhola indlela yokuphila wedwa. Imvelo ayinikezi isilwane amandla okugijima ngokushesha, ukukhuphuka, kepha iyabhukuda futhi icwile kahle. Ukugwedla kuqhubekela phambili ngazo zonke izidladla namajezi. Ngingahamba phansi. Ukwesaba okunamandla kuphela okuyophoqa isilwane ukuthi sikhuphuke egatsheni noma ehlathini.
Uthanda izindawo ezicashile, ezolile nezingenamuntu, uhlala ngasogwini lwamachibi amanzi angenasawoti agcwele imihlanga, ukhetha amachibi anamanzi nemifula emincane.
Izidleke zakhiwe kuma-hummock aphumile, lapho kukhona khona amanzi, ukuze engozini yokuqala zikwazi ukufihla ngokuphepha ekujuleni. Kuvela ngemuva kwamamitha ayi-15-20 ukubheka nxazonke bese ubamba umoya wakho, bese ucasha kuhlaza.
Umsebenzi uzibonakalisa ngokuqala kobumnyama, yize kwesinye isikhathi kuzingelwa emini endaweni engamahektha ayi-12 kuye kwangama-25. Ufuna ukudla emhlabeni, ehlanganisa cishe isigamu sekhilomitha ngosuku ezindaweni zakhe zokuzingela.
Imizila iyaphindwa usuku nosuku, izindawo zimakwa ngamamakha wephunga. Ngokuqala kobusika, kufanele uhambise izikhathi eziphindwe ka-3-4 ukuze ubheke ama-polynyas alondoloziwe.
Uzama ukungabonakali eqhweni, adlule emiseleni nangaphansi kwamanzi. Ama-minks awafihli ubusika, kepha ngezinsuku ezinesithwathwa, isilwane singacasha emgodini bese silala isikhashana, silinde izinsuku ezinzima.
Izindawo zokuhlala imink zimba amakamelo anodoti wotshani obomile, izimpaphe nobulembu, okuyizindawo zokuphuma ezimbili eziqondiswe ngokuhlukile. Enye iya emanzini, enye izitshalo eziminyene. Indawo ehlukile ibekelwe indlu yangasese.
Imigodi emidala yamagundane amanzi, ama-muskrats, imifantu yemvelo nokudangala nakho kungasetshenziswa yi-mink yokuphila. Isilwane siyabagwema abantu, kepha ilukuluku nesifiso sokudla umdlalo kunamandla ukwesaba. Ngakho-ke, izindlu zezinkukhu zivame ukuhlaselwa ama-minks angama-nimble.
Ukudla
Ngaphakathi njengoba i-mink - yasendle isilwane, ohlala semi semi-aquatic, ukudla ikakhulukazi kuqukethe izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene, ama-crustaceans, iminenke, ama-molluscs, amagundane amanzi, izinyoka, amaxoxo. Isilwane sizingela izilwane zomhlaba nezinyoni, asizideleli izinambuzane.
Bude buduze nemizana, izinkukhu ezifuywayo kanye namadada avame ukunyamalala ngenxa yemink. Uthanda ukudla inyamazane entsha, kuphela ngenkathi yendlala kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-3-4 lapho engashintshela enyameni endala noma acoshe udoti wokudla ezindaweni zokuhlala.
Ngokusondela kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, i-mink yenza izinqolobane zokudla ngendlela yamasele alunyiwe noma anqunywe ikhanda, amagundane afana negundane, iminithi, ama-perches, ukuqumba, izinyoni ngezikhathi ezithile. I-Pantry iyathanda ukugcwalisa, inakekele ukuvuselelwa kokulondolozwa.
Ama-mink asekhaya aphakelwa ikakhulu ngokudla kwenyama nenhlanzi ngokufakwa kwemifino, okusanhlamvu, okobisi, kanye namavithamini. Isikhathi ngasinye semvelo, kukhethwa ukudla okufanele. Ehlobo, ngenxa yokuqongelelwa kwamandla, amaprotheni kanye nokudla kwamavithamini kuyathuthukiswa, ebusika bokulala - izingxube zokudla ezingenamsoco.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokumatanisa iMink siqala ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Impi yabesifazane ibonakala ngokulwa nokukhala ngomsindo. Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-72, okuholela ekuzaleni kwama-2-7 amawundlu. Ama-mink amancane adlala kakhulu. Abesilisa abakhombisi ukubamba iqhaza ekunakekeleni inzalo futhi bahlala ngokwehlukana.
Maphakathi nehlobo, izingane zikhula zikhule ziye kwengxenye kasayizi kanina, ekwindla zifinyelela usayizi wabantu abadala. Bayashintsha ubisi lukamama baye ekudleni kwezilwane futhi ekugcineni bashiye umgodi wabazali.
Ama-Minks avuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni eziyi-10, aze afike eminyakeni emithathu ubudala, kubonakala ukuzala okuphezulu kakhulu, bese kuncipha ngokuphawulekayo. Isikhathi sokuphila semvelo, ngokwesilinganiso, siyiminyaka eyi-9-10, kepha ekuthunjweni, leli gama landa kakhulu laya eminyakeni eyi-15-18.
Indawo yokuhlala iminks emvelweni ihlala incipha. Ama-minks athanjisiwe kubantu, yize engabi mbi ngokuphelele. Kwangathi angaphendula kumazwi ajwayelekile futhi aphululwe kahle.
Kunamapulazi aphelele oboya lapho ungathenga i-mink yezilwane ngezinhloso zezimboni. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokugcina izinhlobo zezilwane zasendle zilawulwa.
