Inyathi iyinzalo enamandla yezinkunzi zasendulo
Izinyathi zibhekwa njengamakhosi ehlathi ngenxa yamandla amangalisayo, amandla, ubukhulu balesi silo. Umlando wesilwane, osukela endulo, ugqame ngokujula nangomdlalo.
Izinyathi zacekelwa phansi kakhulu, kepha ongoti abaqhamuka eziqiwini kanye nabantu abazimele bakha izindawo zokugcina izingane lapho abantu bokugcina bathathwa bavikelekile futhi basindiswa.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwezinyathi
Inyathi - omele kakhulu izilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba eYurophu, inzalo yezinkunzi zasendle. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, izigebenga zehlathi zazivamile emahlathini ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga kulo lonke elase-Eurasia.
Isiphi isilwane esiyinyathi, ingaqondakala kusuka kubukhulu bayo:
- isisindo senyathi yabantu abadala yanamuhla sifinyelela ku-1 ton. Okhokho babebakhulu ngisho, kuze kufike ku-1200 kg;
- ukuphakama kwesilwane ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-180-188 cm;
- ubude - kufika ku-270-330 cm.
Abesifazane bancanyana ngosayizi. Inyathi inengxenye enkulu engaphambili yomzimba ene-hump enkulu ehlanganisa intamo emfushane nangemuva. Ingemuva lomzimba licindezelwe, lincane ngosayizi.
Isifuba sibanzi. Umsila, ombozwe ngezinwele, ofinyelela kuma-80 cm ubude, uphela ngensimbi yezinwele, efana nebhulashi. Imilenze eqinile futhi eqinile enezinselo ezivelele, imilenze yangaphambili imfushane kakhulu kunemilenze yangemuva.
Inyathi ingummeli omkhulu wezilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba
Inhloko ebunzini elibanzi iphansi kakhulu, ngisho nomsila wesilwane ungaphezu komqhele. Izimpondo ezimnyama zisakazeka futhi zelulwa ziye phambili. Ubuso babo bushelelezi, umumo uyize futhi uyindilinga.
Ubude bufinyelela ku-65 cm, futhi ukuwa kwezimpondo kufika kuma-cm 75. Igama lesilwane mhlawumbe libuyela egameni lamaProto-Slavic "izinyo", elalisho into ebukhali. Izimpondo zomdondoshiya, zikhombe zaqondiswa phambili, zanquma igama lakhe.
Izindlebe zincane, zifihliwe ezinweleni zekhanda. Amehlo anezinhlamvu zamehlo ezimnyama eziqhakazile, izinkophe ezinkulu nezinkulu. Umlomo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umuzwa wezinyathi wokuhogela nokuzwa ukhule kahle, futhi ukubona kwakhe kubi kancane.
Ibhantshi linsundu ngokumnyama, linombala obomvu kubantu abasha. Okumfishane, okuminyene nokungangeni manzi, kuvikela isilwane ezimeni ezinomswakama nasemakhazeni. Intamo ne-hump zimbozwe izinwele ezinde. Ungabona ngisho nentshebe encane yenyathi.
Izinkunzi ezinamandla zihlala emihlambini, okubandakanya izinkomo kanye nabantu abasha. Izinyathi ezivuthiwe ngokobulili zijoyina izihlobo zazo ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Umhlambi owodwa ungaqukatha kusuka emakhanda ayishumi kuya kwangama-20.
Isilwane esifana nenyathi, - inyathi yaseMelika. Umehluko phakathi kwabo mncane. Kukhona inzalo evamile yalezi zingqungquthela - i-bison.
Eminyakeni yama-20 yekhulu elidlule, inyathi yanyamalala endle. Namuhla inyathi isilwane esivela eNcwadini Ebomvu, Abahlali basehlathini abanamandla banamuhla baphuma kubantu abasindisiwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile naseziqiwini. Kwakuyiminyaka engama-30 kuphela kamuva lapho ukutholakala kwezinyathi zokuqala zomhlambi kwenzeka.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezinyathi ziyaziwa:
- I-Belovezhsky (ithafa), inkudlwana, inemilenze emide. Babehlala eNgilandi, eScandinavia, eNtshonalanga yeSiberia;
- ICaucasian (enezintaba), yayihlala eCaucasus. Yayihlukaniswa ngosayizi wayo omncane nezinwele ezisontekile. Yabhujiswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Izinyathi zihlala emahlathini axubekile, aqinile futhi aqinile, anamadlelo avulekile, eduze nomfula. Njengamanje, izinyathi zingatholakala eRussia, ePoland, eMoldova, eBelarus, eLatvia naseKyrgyzstan.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yenyathi
Inyathi yezilwane ishaya ngosayizi, kubonakala kuxakile futhi kungenandaba nakho konke ukuphumula. Inyathi ecasukile nentukuthelo iyingozi. Isexwayiso ngokunikina ikhanda, ehogela futhi ebuka isitha, sigijime emva kwakhe, sishaye ngezimpondo.
Esithombeni Bisonvezhskiy inyathi
Akukho zihlathi noma uthango oluphakeme okungavimba isilwane esithukuthele. Izinkunzi ziyaphuma ziyoklaba ekuseni nakusihlwa. Emini, zithanda ukuphumula, zigcobe ilanga, zixubhe uboya bazo emhlabathini owomile bese zihlafuna ushungamu.
Umhlambi wezinsikazi namankonyane uphethwe ngabesifazane abanolwazi kakhulu. Abesilisa bazijoyina kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Zihlala ngamaqembu amancane ngokwahlukana noma ngazinye. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqembu emindeni ayahlangana ukuze avikele inzalo ezilwaneni ezizingelayo.
Esithombeni iqembu lezinyathi ezinamazinyane
Insikazi evikela izinyane layo ingaba yingozi kubantu. Ukusondela kwesilo kuzala ulaka. Kwezinye izimo, inyathi ingaba nendaba nabantu, isondele ukuze ibone ngenxa yokungaboni kahle. Ngokwemvelo, bayayigwema imihlangano, bathathe umhlalaphansi ngokuhlakanipha.
Entwasahlobo izilwane ezingavamile bison hlala eduze kwemibhede yemifula, kuthi ehlobo elishisayo bathathe umhlalaphansi baye emahlathini. Izilwane zicasha ekushiseni ezihlahleni ezinomthunzi. Uma izinambuzane zixosha imidondoshiya, khona-ke zifuna ukusindiswa ezindaweni ezomile ezipheshulwa umoya. Emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, lezi zinkunzi ziqinisekile ukuthi ziya emgodini wokuchelela.
Idlelo le-bison, njengomthetho, endaweni ekhethiwe. Uma kungekho okuphakelayo okwanele, bahamba beyofuna indawo entsha. Imilenze enamandla nokukhuthazela, ikhono lokubhukuda kahle likuvumela ukuba unqobe kalula amashumi amakhilomitha.
Lesi sidlakela esidla utshani asibeki usongo kubahlali basehlathini. Izitha eziyinhloko zale nyathi izimpisi, amabhere, ama-lynx nezingwe. Izinyathi zisindiswa ekuhlaselweni kwazo ngamathole ngokuvikela umkhawulo.
Amathole angavikelekile kakhulu nezinsikazi ezibuthakathaka zicashe ngaphakathi kweringi. Ukuxhumana kwezinyathi kucishe kuthule. Bangakwazi ukwenza imisindo ethule efana nokukhononda, ukuduma. Abahogelayo baphuma kubo ngokucasuka.
Lalela izwi lenyathi
Ukudla
Ukudla kwezinyathi ezidla utshani kusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezingamakhulu amaningana zezitshalo. Ukudla kuqukethe amaqabunga, amahlumela, amagxolo esihlahla, amagatsha ezihlahla, amanye amakhambi, ubulembu.
Inani lokudla okunomsoco kokuphakelayo kuncike kwisizini. Ehlobo bathanda imifino ye-maple, willow, umlotha. Ekwindla, badla amakhowe, amajikijolo nama-acorn. Esikhathini esibandayo sasebusika, izilwane zimba iqhwa ngezinselo zazo zifuna ukudla, zondla amagxolo, amagatsha amancanyana ezihlahlana, izinaliti ze-coniferous, ulele.
Inkunzi eyodwa idinga ukudla okungafika ku-50 kg ngosuku. Eziqiwini zemvelo, izinyathi zondliwa ngotshani. Izinyathi azivumeli noma ngubani eduze kwabaphakeli ezindaweni ezigcinwayo. Kunezimo ezaziwayo zokujeziswa kwezilwane ezibhekiswe ema-elk, amahhashi, izimbangi zezinyamazane - imvelo.
Inyathi ingadla emagatsheni amancane nezinaliti ze-coniferous
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila senyathi
Umzabalazo wezinyathi wezinsikazi ezihamba phambili uqala ngoJulayi futhi uhlala kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Abesilisa abanamandla beza emihlambini, baxoshe amathole futhi bancintisane kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kufinyelela ezinyangeni eziyi-9.
Inkonyane elilodwa livela endaweni ecashile, enesisindo esifinyelela ku-25 kg. Ingubo yengane esanda kuzalwa i-beige elula. Ngokushesha umi ngezinyawo, uphuze ubisi olunonile futhi ulandela unina ngephunga. Ukondla okutshalwe ezitshalweni kuzoqala emasontweni amathathu, kepha ithole lizodinga ubisi lwebele kuze kube unyaka.
Amathole amancane ahlala emhlambini kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu, efunda amakhono okusinda kubantu abadala. Eminyakeni engu-3-5 bavuthwa ngokocansi. Ukukhula kwezinyathi ezincane kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5-6. Inyathi ihlala ngokwesilinganiso kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20-25. Ezindaweni ezivikelwe, isikhathi sokuphila singafika eminyakeni engama-30.
Esithombeni inyathi enenkonyane yayo
Incazelo yenyathi yezilwane, wesimanjemanje, umlando waso wokuphila, ukuqothulwa, ukuvuselelwa kwenza umuntu acabange ngokubaluleka nokulondolozwa kwezilwane zasendle ekubukekeni kwazo okuhlukile.
