Ukuthi ikati noma ibhere - izivakashi zama-zoo azikwazi ukuthola ukuthi zifana nobani binturong? Lesi silwane esinoboya esinomsila omude namadevu kufana nokuthile okusikhumbuza i-raccoon, futhi ngasikhathi sinye siyakwazi ukububula njengengulube. Kodwa noma kunjalo, le ntelezi ayihlangene nakancane nezilwane ezibalwe ohlwini. Lolu uhlobo olukhetheke kakhulu, oluzimele, intshisekelo ebilokhu ikhula eminyakeni yamuva.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Binturong
Ngemikhuba ye-feline kanye ne-clumsy bear gait, i-binturong nokho ivela emndenini we-civerrid. Yize iBinturong isenezimpande ezifanayo nomndeni we-feline, babuyela ePaleogene yakuqala. Igama lesiLatini lomzingeli ngu-Arctictis binturong. Onke amalungu alo mndeni anezici ezifanayo: umzimba omncane, umsila omude nemilenze emifushane.
Ngaphandle, zifana ne-weasel, noma i-feline, enomzimba oguquguqukayo, onemisipha, intamo emaphakathi nesifonyo eside. Izindlebe zivame ukubekelwa eceleni futhi amehlo makhulu. Izitho ezinemilenze emihlanu. Ama-Viverrids ayi-digital kanye ne-plantigrade. Sekukonke, lo mndeni uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-35, ezihlanganiswe ngemikhakha engu-15 nemikhaya emi-4. Izinhlobo eziningi aziqondakali kahle.
Ividiyo: Binturong
I-binturong inezinhlobo ezingaphansi kwe-6 ezaziwayo nezinye ezi-3 ezingaziwa. Ama-subspecies eBinturong, ngokwesibonelo, avela e-Indonesia noma avela eziqhingini zasePhilippines, anezindawo zokuhlala ezilinganiselwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke azifakiwe ohlwini olusemthethweni lwama-subspecies:
- ama-binturong albifrons;
- binturong binturong;
- binturong bengalensis;
- i-binturong kerkhoven;
- i-binturong whitei;
- i-binturong penicillatus.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Binturong - cat bear
IBinturong isilwane esincelisayo esinemilenze emifushane. Inesisindo esingu-9 kuya ku-15 kg, njengenja enosayizi ophakathi nendawo. Ubude bomuntu omdala buyi-60-100 cm, ngaphandle komsila, kepha ubude bayo cishe bulingana nosayizi womzimba. Umsila we-binturong usebenza imisebenzi eminingana ebucayi. Lokhu kokubili kuyisandla nokusekelwa okungeziwe lapho uhamba.
I-kinkajou kuphela, ehlala eNingizimu Melika, engaziqhayisa ngemininingwane ethokozisayo, kepha e-Asia kungukuphela kommeleli wezilwane ezidla ezinye ezinomsila. Umsila we-binturong umbozwe ngezinwele ezinde ezimahhadlahhadla, esisekelweni ulula kancane. Ngokuvamile, kuyisilwane esisheshayo kakhulu esinezinwele eziningi futhi ezigqamile.
Emzimbeni, ijazi liyacwebezela, licishe libe mnyama amalahle, kwesinye isikhathi libe nezinwele ezimpunga, okubizwa ngokuthi "usawoti kanye nopelepele" ngabafuyi bezinja. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ezimpunga ezimnyama, ezifakwe ezindaweni eziphuzi noma ezikhanyayo zejazi. Ikhanda libanzi, libukhali kakhulu libheke ekhaleni. Ngendlela, ikhala elimnyama lifana kakhulu nelenja, lihlale limanzi futhi lipholile.
Inhloko nesifonyo kunenqwaba yamachashaza amhlophe kujazi elimnyama. Ngisho nemigqa ye-vibrissae eqinile futhi emide, kanye namashiya nama-auricles, kugcwele "usawoti kanye nopelepele". Ezindlebeni eziyindilinga eziyindilinga, kunamabhulashi amnyama ngaphandle kokuchaphaza. Izitho zenzelwe ukuthi ngengaphambili zikwazi ukumba, ukubamba nokubambelela emagatsheni ezihlahla, kuthi ngemuva zikwazi ukuncika nokulinganisa lapho ziphakamisa.
Amehlo kaBinturong ansundu, ama-cilia agobile. Amehlo ekati awaboni kahle, njengokuzwa. Kepha umuzwa wokuhogela nokuthinta muhle kakhulu. Kulokhu usizwa ngama-vibrissae amaningi, uwasebenzisa ngenkuthalo lapho ehogela izinto ezingajwayelekile. Isidlakudla sinamazinyo angama-40 emlonyeni, ikakhulukazi ama-canines, ayi-1.5 cm ubude, avelele.
Ungahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngombala - ubulili besifazane bukhanya kancane kunowesilisa. Abesifazane nabo bakhulu ngosayizi. Zinezingono ezimbili ezinkulu nohlaka olukhethekile lwesitho sangasese, oluqukethe amathambo, yingakho abaningi bebaxaka nabesilisa.
Uhlala kuphi uBinturong?
Isithombe: Animal Binturong
Azikho izindawo eziningi emhlabeni lapho kuhlala lezi zilwane. Iningi labo lihlala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Indawo yokuhlala i-binturong isukela eNdiya, eNepal, eBangladesh, eMyanmar, eThailand, iya eLaos, eCambodia, eVietnam, esifundazweni saseShayina iYunnan naseziqhingini zase-Indonesia: iSumatra, iKalimantan neJava, kanti futhi bahlala esiqhingini sasePhilippines iPalawan.
Lesi silwane esincelisayo esinomsila siphila ikakhulukazi emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Zivame ukutholakala emagqumeni anamahlathi nasemathafeni ase-Assam, kepha kaningi kuyabonakala ezintabeni nasezintabeni ezinehlathi elihle. AmaBinturong aqoshwe eManas National Park, emahlathini avikelekile eLahimpur, emahlathini asezintabeni zezintaba ezisenyakatho zaseKashar nasendaweni yaseKhailakandi.
EMyanmar, amaBinturong athathwa izithombe eTaininthayi Nature Reserve endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-60. EHawking Valley, bahlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-220-280. E-Rakhine Yoma Elephant Sanctuary, endaweni ephakeme ka-580. imivini.
ELaos, zitholakala emahlathini ahlala eluhlaza. EMalaysia - emahlathini esundu wesibili azakhela wona ngemuva kokugawulwa ngo-1970. EPalawan, bahlala emahlathini asezingeni eliphansi neliphakeme, kufaka phakathi amadlelo emifanekiso yamahlathi.
Idlani i-binturong?
Isithombe: Bear cat binturong
Yize eyisidlakela, i-binturong ingukudla okumangalisayo. Futhi, kunalokho, ukhetha ukudla kwezitshalo ngezinga elikhulu kunamaprotheni, ngokungafani namanye ama-viverrids.
Ingxenye yamaprotheni yokudla ingama-30% kuphela; ku-binturong, ivezwa kanjena:
- Izinyoni ezincane;
- Amagundane, amagundane, ama-voles;
- Izikelemu;
- Izinambuzane;
- Amaqanda;
- Inhlanzi;
- AmaMolluscs;
- AmaCrustaceans;
- Amaxoxo.
Futhi, lezi ezinhle azideleli izidumbu, ziphanga izidleke zezinyoni. Kodwa badla izinhlanzi nezibungu kuphela njengendawo yokugcina, ngoba ukungena emanzini nokumba emhlabathini akuyona into abayithandayo, yize bebhukuda kahle.
Ngokuqondene nokudla kwezitshalo, okwakha ama-70% wokudla kwabo, izithelo ziyisisekelo lapha:
- Umkhiwane;
- Amagilebhisi;
- Amawolintshi;
- Amapentshisi;
- Ubhanana;
- Ama-apula;
- Ama-Cherry.
Izithelo ze-Binturong zitholakala ngaphandle kwenkinga, zikhuphuka izihlahla ngokuphelele. Ngasikhathi sinye, imvamisa, ukuze bakha isithelo esinamanzi, abazisebenzisi izidladla ezimfushane, kepha umsila wabo omuhle kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi amaBinturongs avakashela nabantu eyofuna ukudla; ayiyona ingozi kubantu, ngoba abalokothi bahlasele.
Ekuthunjweni, zigcinwa ema-zoo bese zondliwa ngenyama entsha yezinhlobonhlobo, inhlanzi, izithelo eziningi, kanye nezindawo ezikhethekile zokuphakelayo ezinamavithamini namaminerali. Njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, lezi zilwane zoju azisoze zaziphika zona uqobo injabulo yokuzama imikhiqizo yobisi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Binturong - cat bear
AmaBinturong asebusuku, kepha ajwayele ukusebenza emini - ukusondelana nabantu ngeke kukufundise lutho. AmaBinturong ahlala kuphela ezihlahleni. Isakhiwo esikhethekile samathambo siyabasiza kulokhu, izicubu ezithuthuke kahle zebhande lehlombe zenza imilenze yangaphambili iqine kakhulu.
Ukusidonsa ngezidladla noma ukulenga egatsheni, isilwane kufanele sisebenzise yonke iminwe yezidladla zaso zangaphambili, nokho, sikwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokuphikiswa. Izinyawo zangemuva zingazungeza zibheke emuva. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukwehla isiqu somuthi. IBinturong yehla ngekhanda kuqala. Ugibela kancane futhi ngokushelela, hhayi ngokungazelelwe, agxume, njengenkawu. Kulokho, umsila umsiza kakhulu, okusiza ukunamathela nokugcina ibhalansi. Isilwane sihamba kancane emhlabathini, kodwa entweni yamanzi sihamba ngokushesha okukhulu nangamahloni. AmaBinturongs angababhukudi abadumile.
Ngokwemvelo, ubude besikhathi sokuphila besilwane esincelisayo buneminyaka eyi-10 ngokwesilinganiso, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zibalo zifinyelela kuma-25. Zigcinwa kuma-zoo adume kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izivakashi ziyathanda ukuzithwebula, futhi la makati angamaqili aze afunda nokuzifundela. Banikelwa ezandleni, bathinte umuntu futhi bacele amaswidi. Ngemuva kwengxenye yekhekhe le-marshmallow noma elimnandi, izilwane, ngaphansi kwethonya le-glucose, ziqala ukugxuma ngokushesha futhi zigijime. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwehora bayawa futhi balale ubuthongo ngokushesha.
AmaBinturong enza imisindo ehlukene impela. Bahlanza njengamakati, bahewula njengezimpisi ezinomhlwenga, bayancinza, bayakhononda njengezingulube zasendle. Uma isilwane singeneliseki ngokuthile, singakhononda noma simemeze kakhulu. Abanye baphikisana ngokuthi ukugigitheka kungazwakala kuBinturong onelisekile.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Animal Binturong
Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingabantu bodwa, ziqala ukufuna inkampani ukuze zithole inzalo. Ngemuva kwalokho abazitholi nje kuphela ngababili, kepha futhi bayalahleka emiphakathini emikhulu. Ngokuthakazelisayo, abesifazane babusa leyo miphakathi. Esinye isici se-binturong ubukhona bezindlala zephunga ezitholakala esifundeni se-anal.
Kwakungaleli qiniso eliholele kwinganekwane yokuthi i-binturong inuka njenge-popcorn. Imfihlo yalezi zindlala isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwenzeni amakha. Ngokwemvelo, lezi zindlala ziyadingeka kwabesilisa nabesifazane ukubeka amathegi. Amathegi anjalo anolwazi oluphelele lokuthi ngubani owafakile. Lobu ubulili, ubudala bomuntu kanye nokulungela kwakhe ukushada.
Ukumaka amagatsha akhula amile, izilwane zicindezela izindlala kuwo bese zidonsela isiqu phezulu. Futhi ukumaka amagatsha akhiwe ngokwehlukana, abekwa emhlane wawo, ahehe igatsha ngezidladla zangaphambili bese eliqondisa endaweni eseduze nomsila wawo. Abesilisa bangafaka amamaki ngendlela ehlukile, bamanzisa izidladla zabo ngomchamo wabo bese bezihlikihla esihlahleni. Enye ingxenye yemidlalo yokukhwelana ukugijima okunomsindo nokugxuma. Lapho kwenziwa ucansi, kwesinye isikhathi insikazi igona isithandwa sayo, icindezele umsila wayo ngesandla sayo phansi kwesisila sayo. Ngemuva kokwakha umbhangqwana, amaBinturong anezizukulwane kabili ngonyaka.
Umama onakekelayo uhlomisa isidleke sezingane ezizayo endaweni ephephile, imvamisa emgodini wesihlahla. Owesilisa uvunyelwe ukuhlala nomndeni isikhathi esi-2 sokugogoda. Zivame ukuwa ngoJanuwari nango-Ephreli. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-90 kuphela, ngemuva kwalokho kuzalwa ingane engu-1 kuye kwezi-6.
Amantshontsho anesisindo esingu-300 g. Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa sezingakwazi ukwenza imisindo efana nokugunda. Amathole akhasa aphume esidlekeni kungakapheli amasonto ama-2. Zondla ngobisi kusukela ehoreni lokuqala lokuphila kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayi-6, bese ziyazinciphisa kulo, zondla ukudla kwamakhambi okulethwa ngumama. Kodwa-ke, amaBinturong eba ngabantu abadala futhi avuthwe ngokocansi kuphela eminyakeni engu-2-2.5.
Izitha zemvelo zikaBinturong
Isithombe: Bear cat binturong
IBinturong inezitha eziningi. Izilwane ezisencane nabantu ababuthakathaka basengozini ethile, njengenjwayelo.
Bahlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkudlwana nezinamaphiko amaningi:
- Izingwenya;
- Izingwe;
- AmaJaguar;
- Amahlosi;
- Izinkozi;
- OKlebe;
- Izinja zasendle;
- Izinyoka.
Umuntu omdala, i-binturong enempilo ayinamandla njengoba kubonakala. Angase azimele. Lapho ikhonjiwe, iba nobudlova, ilimaze umhlaseli ngezidladla zayo, ilume kanzima futhi ikhamise ngolaka. Umuntu nomthelela wakhe emvelweni, ikakhulukazi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kuyingozi enkulu kuye.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Binturong
Ama-Binturong emazweni amaningi ashisayo agcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, lezi zilwane ezikhohliseka kalula kulula ukuzithambisa. Kodwa-ke, emazweni amaningi, isilwane asikutholanga ukusatshalaliswa okunjalo ngenxa yephunga laso. EVietnam, nasezingxenyeni ezithile zeLaos, inyama ye-binturong ithathwa njengesibiliboco. Bayabulawa ukuze banikeze izindawo zokudlela inyama entsha nezitho zangaphakathi zezilwane.
ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseChina, lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ziyaqothulwa ngenkuthalo, ziholele ekuzingeleni okungenamkhawulo. EBorneo, inani labantu baseBinturong lehle kakhulu ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi. EPhilippines, izilwane ziyabanjwa ziyathengiswa, njengaseVietnam. Kwamanye amazwe, i-binturong ithole isimo sokuvikela futhi ivikelwe ngumthetho.
Ngakho-ke eNdiya kusukela ngo-1989 kufakwa ohlelweni lwe-III CITES. Lapha wanikezwa isikhundla sokuvikela esiphakeme kakhulu. Futhi eChina, lesi silwane sabalwa ohlwini lweBhuku Elibomvu futhi sanikezwa isikhundla sohlobo olusengozini yokuqothulwa.
E-Thailand, eMalaysia naseBorneo, lolu hlobo lwe-civet lufakiwe nasemthethweni wokulondolozwa kwezilwane zasendle. E-Bangladesh, i-binturong ivikelwe kusukela ngo-2012. Kepha eBrunei, akukaze kwenziwe mzamo wokuvikela iBinturong ezingeni lomthetho. Lesi silwane esincelisayo esihle sijabulisa izivakashi, izivakashi ze-zoo kanye nabathandi bemvelo ngokumane kubukeke.
Iziteketiso ezinhle ezinjengekati lebhere zinamathela esilwaneni. Kusala kuphela ukunaka ukunaka kwakhe kuye kuziphathimandla zalezo zizwe lapho lokhu kudalwa kubhujiswa khona kabi. Ku binturong asijabulisanga thina kuphela, kodwa nenzalo yethu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 28.01.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.09.2019 ngo-22: 26
