I-Italian Spinone noma i-Italian Griffon (i-English Spinone Italiano) uhlobo lwenja yase-Italy. Ekuqaleni yayikhuliswa njengenja yokuzingela yendawo yonke, yase iba inja yesibhamu. Kuze kube namuhla, lolu hlobo lusazigcinile izimfanelo zalo zokuzingela futhi luvame ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso zalo. Ngokwesiko isetshenziselwa ukuzingela, ukusesha nokubamba umdlalo, kungaba cishe noma yini kusuka kumngane kuya enjeni engumsizi.
Umlando wozalo
Ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zezinja, mhlawumbe ngisho nangaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-1000 kunokuzingelwa kwezibhamu. Lolu hlobo lwenziwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe amarekhodi abhaliwe okuzalaniswa kwezinja, futhi ngenxa yalokho, cishe akukho lutho olwaziwa kahle ngemvelaphi.
Okuningi kokufundiswa njengamanje njengeqiniso ikakhulukazi ukuqagela noma inganekwane. Kungashiwo ukuthi lolu hlobo ngokuqinisekileyo luzalwa e-Italy futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lwavela emakhulwini eminyaka adlule esifundeni sasePiedmont.
Ubufakazi obutholakalayo bukhombisa ukuthi lolu hlobo kungenzeka ukuthi lwavela cishe lwafana nesimo salo samanje ekuqaleni kweRenaissance, yize abanye ochwepheshe bathi kungenzeka ukuthi lwavela ngaphambi kuka-500 BC.
Kunempikiswano eningi phakathi kochwepheshe bezinja mayelana nokuthi iyiphi indlela engcono yokuhlukanisa isipinashi sase-Italy. Lolu hlobo luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ngumndeni wakwaGriffon, iqembu lezintambo ezinoboya bezinhlanga ezivela ezweni laseYurophu. Ngokusho komunye umbono, lolu hlobo luvame ukubhekwa njengokhokho waleli qembu lonke.
Abanye bathi lolu hlobo luhlobene kakhulu nezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-British Isles, i-Irish Wolfhound ne-Scottish Deerhound. Futhi abanye bakhomba ebudlelwaneni obusondelene ne-terriers. Kuze kuvele ubufakazi obusha bezakhi zofuzo noma bomlando, le mpicabadala kungenzeka ihlale ingaxazululiwe.
Izincazelo zokuqala zenja yokuzingela enezintambo e-Italy isukela emuva eminyakeni engama-500 BC. e. Izinga lokuzala lase-Italy lithi ababhali basendulo abadumile uXenophon, Faliscus, Nemesian, Seneca no-Arrian bachaza izinja ezifanayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili eyedlule. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi laba babhali abachazanga uhlobo lwesimanje, kepha kunalokho okhokho balo.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaCelt ayenezinja eziningana zokuzingela ezinamajazi aqinile. AmaCelt eCaul, esifundazweni saseRoma, babefuya izinja, ababhali bazo ababebabiza ngoCanas Segusius. AmaCelt ayeyizakhamuzi eziyinhloko zezinto eziningi manje ezisenyakatho ye-Italy ngaphambi kokuba anqotshwe amaRoma.
Ukudideka okwengeziwe ekuchazeni imvelaphi yangempela yalolu hlobo ukuthi akusakhulunywa ngalolo hlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kweRenaissance cishe ngonyaka we-1400 AD. e.; kushiya igebe emlandweni womlando weminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Lokhu akumangazi kakhulu ngoba ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi kwaphela phakathi neNkathi Yobumnyama kanye neNkathi Ephakathi.
Kusukela ngawo-1300s, inkathi yokukhanyiselwa yaqala enyakatho ye-Italy eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Renaissance. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, izibhamu zaqala ukusetshenziselwa ukuzingela, ikakhulukazi lapho kuzingelwa izinyoni. Le ndlela yokuzingela iholele ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nokuguqula ezindala ukudala inja enamakhono afanele.
Kusukela ngama-1400s, i-spinone italiano iphinde yavela kumarekhodi omlando nasemidwebeni yabaculi base-Italy. Izinja eziboniswe zifana ngokuphawulekayo nezanamuhla futhi cishe zohlobo olufanayo. Abanye babaculi abadume kakhulu ukufaka lolu hlobo emsebenzini wabo kwakunguMantegna, Titian noTiepolo. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi abacebile abacebile nabezentengiselwano base-Italy basebenzise lolu hlobo ohambweni lwabo lokuzingela izinyoni.
Ngenxa yezikhala ezincwadini zomlando, kunempikiswano enkulu ngokuthi uhlobo lozalo olukhonjiswe emidwebeni ye-Renaissance luyafana yini nolwashiwo izazi-mlando zasendulo. Abanye ochwepheshe bezinja bathi i-spinone sase-Italy sivela ku-Pointer yaseSpain engasekho manje. Ochwepheshe baseFrance bathi lolu hlobo luyingxube yezinhlobo eziningana zaseFrance Griffon.
Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obuncane bokusekela noma iyiphi yale mibono. Okwamanje, kungcono ukubeka ilebula le mibono njengokungenakwenzeka. Kungenzeka ukuthi abafuyi base-Italy kungenzeka ukuthi bahlanganisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthuthukisa izinja zabo; kodwa-ke, noma ngabe i-spinone sase-Italy saqala ukwenziwa ngawo-1400s, sisalokhu singenye yezinja zokuqala zezibhamu.
Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi uhlobo lwesimanje lwenja lwaqala ikakhulukazi esifundeni sasePiedmont. Elinye lamarekhodi okuqala alotshiwe wesipiniki sanamuhla sase-Italiya lisukela emuva ngonyaka we-1683, lapho umlobi waseFrance abhala incwadi ethi "La Parfait Chasseur" (The Ideal Hunter). Kulo msebenzi, uchaza uhlobo lweGriffon, ngokudabuka esifundeni sasePiedmont e-Italy. IPiedmont yisifunda esisenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Italy esinqamula eFrance naseSwitzerland.
I-Spinone Italiano isungule umehluko omkhulu omkhulu kusuka kwenye inja yesibhamu yase-Italy, i-Bracco Italiano. I-Spinone Italiano ihamba kancane kakhulu futhi ayibukeki ibukhali noma iyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, unekhono kakhulu ekukhipheni umdlalo emanzini, ngokungafani neBracco Italiano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uboya beSpinone Italiano buvumela lolu hlobo ukuthi lusebenze ezimileni eziminyene kakhulu noma eziyingozi.
Eqinisweni, ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinja ezinamandla okusebenza ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu (izihlahla neziqu eziminyene) ngaphandle kokulimala kanzima iso nesikhumba.
Isipinashi sase-Italiya saze saqanjwa ngegama laso ngohlobo lwameva, i-pinot (lat. Isihlahla siminyene kakhulu futhi siyindawo yokucasha oyithandayo yezinhlobo eziningi zemidlalo. Akungeneki kubantu nasezinja eziningi, njengoba ameva amaningi edwengula isikhumba futhi ahlaba amehlo nezindlebe.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, abashisekeli base-Italy abalwa namabutho aseJalimane asebenzisa lolu hlobo ukulandela umkhondo wamasosha aseJalimane. Uhlobo lolo lubaluleke kakhulu kubashisekeli bangempela beqiniso, njengoba linomuzwa obukhali ngokumangazayo wephunga, ikhono lokusebenza kunoma iyiphi indawo, noma ngabe ibukhali noma imanzi kangakanani, futhi ngokuthula okumangazayo uma isebenza ngisho nasezihlahleni ezinkulu kakhulu. Lokhu kwavumela abashokobezi ukuthi bagweme ukuqamekela noma ukuhlela izenzo zabo.
Yize lolu hlobo lwalusebenza ngobuqhawe, iMpi Yezwe Yesibili yabonakala iyilimaza. Izinja eziningi zabulawa zisakhonza abashisekeli, ezinye zabulawa yindlala lapho abanikazi bazo bengasakwazi ukuzinakekela. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuzala cishe kwaphela njengoba abantu bengakwazanga ukuzingela. Ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II, isipinashi sase-Italy sase sicishe kwaphela.
Ngo-1949, umlandeli walolu hlobo, uDkt A. Cresoli, wahamba izwe lonke ezama ukuthola ukuthi zingaki izinja ezisindile. Uthole ukuthi abalimi abambalwa abasele baphoqeleke ukuthi bazale izinja zabo nezinye izinja ezifana ne-Wirehaired Pointer. Ngenxa yemizamo yabo, lo mhlobo wabuyiselwa.
I-Spinone yase-Italiya ihlala iyinhlobo engajwayelekile, kepha ukuthandwa kwayo kuyakhula kancane kancane, kokubili njengenja yokuzingela ehlukahlukene futhi njengomngane womndeni.
Incazelo
Uhlobo luyefana nezinye izinja zezibhamu ezinezinwele ezifana ne-German Pointer, kodwa enamandla kakhulu. Le yinja enkulu futhi eqinile. Amazinga adinga ukuthi abesilisa bafinyelele kuma-60-70 cm ekubuneni futhi babe nesisindo esingu-32-37 kg, kuthi abesifazane babe ngu-58-65 cm bese benesisindo esingu-28-30 kg.
Luhlobo olukhulu olunamathambo aqinile futhi luhamba ngokukhululeka ukudlula umgijimi osheshayo. Inja yakhiwe kahle, uhlobo lwesikwele.
Isifonyo sijule kakhulu futhi sibanzi futhi sibukeka sicishe sibe yisikwele. Ubukeka emkhulu kakhulu kunalokho ayikho ngempela, ngenxa yejazi eliqatha. Amehlo ahlukaniswe kabanzi futhi acishe azungeze. Umbala kufanele ube yi-ocher, kepha umthunzi unqunywa ijazi lenja. Lolu hlobo lunezindlebe ezinde, ezilengile, ezingunxantathu.
Ijazi yilona uphawu oluchaza kakhulu lohlobo. Isimanga yikuthi inja kayilabhantshi. Le nja inamajazi amade, awugqinsi futhi ayisicaba anolaka lapho uthintwa, yize engewona awugqinsi njenge-terrier ejwayelekile. Izinwele zimfishane ebusweni, ekhanda, ezindlebeni, ngaphambili kwemilenze nezinyawo. Ebusweni, zakha amadevu, amashiya nentshebe eshintshiwe.
Kunemibala eminingana: emhlophe emsulwa, emhlophe enezimpawu ezibomvu noma ze-chestnut, i-red or chestnut roan. Umbala omnyama awamukeleki, kanye nezinja ze-tricolor.
Uhlamvu
I-Spinone yase-Italy wuhlobo oluthanda kakhulu inkampani yomndeni wayo, oluthanda kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unobungane futhi unesizotha nabantu angabazi, okungajwayelekile ukuthi akhombise ubudlova obuncane kubo.
Amalungu amaningi ohlobo athanda kakhulu ukwenza abangane abasha, futhi inja icabanga ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu omusha angaba umngane omusha. Yize i-spinone yase-Italiya ingaqeqeshwa njenge-watchdog, ingenza i-watchdog empofu kakhulu.
Uma zihlangana ngokungafanele, ezinye izinja zingaba namahloni futhi zibe namahloni, ngakho-ke abanikazi kufanele baziqaphele izinja zabo besebancane. Uma ufuna inja ongahamba nayo lapho uya kubantu ongabazi, njengomdlalo webhola, khona-ke lolu hlobo ngeke lubangele inkinga.
Uyaziwa ngesisa sakhe esehlukile nothando lwezingane, avame ukwakha ubuhlobo obuseduze kakhulu nabo. Izinja ziyabekezela kakhulu futhi zizobekezelela yonke imigilingwane yezingane okufanele ifundiswe indlela yokuziphatha nale nja.
Lolu hlobo luhambisana kahle nezinye izinja. Izinkinga zokubusa, ubudlova nokuba nezinto akuvamile. Ngokuzihlanganisa nabantu ngendlela efanele, i-spinone sase-Italiya sinentshisekelo enkulu yokwenza abangane kunokuqala ukulwa. Uthanda umphakathi wenye inja endlini futhi ujabule kakhulu ngokubambisana nezinye izinja eziningana.
Isipinashi sase-Italiya saklanyelwa ukuthola umdlalo futhi siyibuyise ngemuva kokudutshulwa, kepha hhayi ukuthi siyihlasele uqobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, lolu hlobo lukhombisa ukuba nolaka okuphansi kwezinye izilwane futhi lungahlala endlini eyodwa nazo, inqobo nje uma luhlangana kahle. Kodwa-ke, amanye amalungu okuzalela, ikakhulukazi imidlwane, angahlupha amakati ngokweqile ngomzamo wokudlala.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinja ngokujwayelekile, kubhekwa njengokuqeqeshwa okulula. Le nja ihlakaniphe ngokweqile futhi iyakwazi ukuxazulula imisebenzi enzima kakhulu nezinkinga yodwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona iLabrador Retriever futhi inja ingaba nenkani ngandlela thile.
Kubuye kube uhlobo oluzithoba kuphela kulabo olubahloniphayo. Noma, lolu akulona neze uhlobo lwenja oluzohlala lubekela inselelo igunya lakho. Ikakhulu, angahle angalaleli izingane okuthi, njengoba eqonda, zisezingeni eliphansi ekuphathweni kwephakethe.
Abanikazi kufanele futhi baqonde ukuthi lolu luhlobo oluthanda ukusebenza ngokuhamba kancane. Uma ufuna ukuthi umsebenzi uqedwe ngokushesha, bheka olunye uhlobo. Le nja iyazwela futhi ayiphenduli kahle ezindleleni zokuqeqesha ezingezinhle.
ISpinone Italiano uhlobo oluthile olunamandla. Le nja idinga ukuhamba okuphelele nokude nsuku zonke, futhi kungakuhle ukuthi uyinike isikhathi sokubalekela leash endaweni ephephile.
Khumbula ukuthi lena yinja esebenzayo futhi inezidingo zokuzivocavoca umzimba. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lwabantu abadala alunamandla kakhulu kunezinye izinja eziningi zezibhamu. Le yinja ekhululekile ethanda ukuhamba ngejubane.
Abangaba ngabanikazi kufanele bazi ngokuthambekela okukodwa kwale nja ekucingeni amathe. Ngenkathi izinombolo zabo zingafani ne-English Mastiff noma i-Newfoundland, i-Spinone yase-Italy cishe izokuconsela amathe, ifenisha yakho kanye nezivakashi zakho ngezikhathi ezithile.
Uma ukucabanga ngakho kuyisinengiso ngokuphelele kuwe, khona-ke olunye uhlobo kufanele lubhekwe.
Ukunakekela
Le nja inezidingo zokuzilungisa eziphansi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinejazi elifanayo. Kwesinye isikhathi kungadinga ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe, kepha hhayi kakhulu.
Inja idinga ukusikwa kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka ngendlela efanayo ne-terrier. Ngenkathi abanikazi bangafunda le nqubo bebodwa, iningi labo likhetha ukugwema ubunzima.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nja idinga ukuxubha ngokuphelele ngesonto, kanye nohlobo lokunakekelwa oludingekayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo: ukusikwa, ukuxubha amazinyo nokunye okunjalo.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe ezindlebeni zalolu hlobo njengoba bekwazi ukuqoqa imfucumfucu futhi abanikazi kufanele bahlanze izindlebe njalo ukuvimbela ukucasuka nokutheleleka.
Ezempilo
I-Spinone Italiano ibhekwa njengokuzalwa okunempilo. Ucwaningo olulodwa oluqhamuka kwiklabhu yekennel yase-UK luthole ukuthi lolu hlobo lunempilo elinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-8.7, kepha olunye ucwaningo oluningi seluphethe ngokuthi lolu hlobo luphila isikhathi eside kakhulu, olulinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-12 noma ngaphezulu.
Inkinga eyodwa ebucayi kakhulu lolu hlobo onalo yi-cerebellar ataxia. I-Cerebellar ataxia yisimo esibulalayo esithinta imidlwane.
Lesi simo sisebenza ngokweqile, okusho ukuthi izinja kuphela ezinabazali abathwali ababili abangazithola. Ihlala ibulala njalo, futhi ayikho inja etholakele ukuthi yaphila isikhathi eside kunezinyanga eziyi-12.
Iningi lazo ligunyazwa ngokwesintu phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-10 no-11 ubudala. Isivivinyo sokunemba esingu-95% senzelwe ukukhomba abathwali, futhi abalimi baqala ukusisebenzisa ukuvimbela imidlwane ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo ngokuzayo.
