Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Isishisi singumndeni wezimpukane zangempela. Ngokubukeka, icishe ifane nempukane evamile yasendlini. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi umshini wokushisa une-proboscis enamazinyo amahle.
Lesi sinambuzane siziphatha njenge-vampire, sondla igazi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sithanda ukukhanya nokufudumala. Bukela i isithombe sesishisi, kubonakala sengathi ubheke impukane. Ubude bomzimba wayo bungu-5-7 mm. Umbala womzimba umpunga.
Isisu sihlotshiswe ngamabala amancane, futhi isifuba sonke siseqeni elimnyama. I-proboscis iqonde, igobeke kancane ngaphansi kwekhanda ukuze ichopho liphume liye phambili. Lesi sikhali sisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukudla, ngakho-ke sinamazinyo amahle angakwazi ukuphula isikhumba ukuthola igazi elifudumele lesisulu.
Umehluko phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, usobala. Abesilisa banebunzi elinciphile kunabakhethiweyo babo, futhi lingu-2/3 wobubanzi bamehlo akhe. Futhi kowesifazane walesi sinambuzane, ububanzi bebunzi bulingana nosayizi wamehlo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukunquma ngokubukeka ukuthi ngubani.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezimpukane alukhethi ngezimo zokuphila. Ngalesi sizathu, impukane itholakala kunoma yiziphi izindawo zesimo sezulu - cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yiNyakatho Ekude. Lapho ukhetha ikhaya, la "ma-vampire anamaphiko" akhetha izindawo lapho kuhlale kunokuthile okuzuzayo kuzo.
Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungamadlelo ezinkomo, izinqolobane noma izitebele, njengoba oshisayo uyadla ikakhulu enegazi lezinkomo. Le flyer ikhetha izindlu ezilungele ukuthuthukiswa kwenzalo, okungukuthi, ukuba khona komquba omanzi noma utshani obolile. Ukuphela kwehlobo - ukuqala kwekwindla kubhekwa njengesikhathi lapho inani le-flayer likhula kakhulu.
Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho banweba khona insimu yabo futhi bandizele emizini yabantu. Kukhona umbono wokuthi ngokuwa, izimpukane ziyathukuthela futhi zilume. Eqinisweni, ngokungazi, abantu bavame ukudida indlu evamile endiza ne-flare, ngoba eyokuqala, ngokwemvelo yayo, ayikwazi ukuluma.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
I-flare fly empeleni iya endle ekupheleni kwehlobo. Kufana nomiyane ofaka ama-proboscis akhe esikhunjeni sezilwane nabantu ukuze athole igazi labo elanele. Le nqubo yenzeka ngokulandelayo: ngosizo lwamazinyo e-chitinous, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesikhumba luyasuswa futhi kufakwa amathe anobuthi.
Lo shevu uvimbela igazi ekunqandeni ukuze kube lula ngesishisi ukukhotha igazi. Ngaphandle kokudla okunjalo, le ncela yegazi ngeke ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda futhi izohlala iyinyumba. Isisulu, ngalesi sikhathi, sizwa ubuhlungu obubukhali futhi obuvuthayo. Mhlawumbe kungenxa yale mizwa futhi waba negama layo impisi.
Esithombeni, ukulunywa yimpukane
Le mpukane ichitha isikhathi sasebusika ngezinhlobo ezi-3: izibungu, iziphungumangathi futhi isivele isikhulile. Uma izimo zezulu zesifunda zivumela, inqubo yokuthuthuka iyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo. Umbuso wokushisa ofanele impilo ejwayelekile yesinambuzane ngu +15 0 C. Isikhathi somsebenzi wempukane ngokuvamile siwela emini.
Inqubo yokondla ingathatha kusuka emizuzwini emi-2 kuye ehoreni eli-1. Uma okokuqala engakwazanga ukuthola okwanele, khona-ke uzobuyela kwesisulu sakhe kaningi. Lezi zimpukane ziqaphele kakhulu, futhi zindiza zisongele nakancane. Kepha, ngasikhathi sinye, bayaphikelela futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana babuyela "endaweni yesehlakalo."
Ingozi yesinambuzane esinje ukuthi ithwala umqubu ohlukahlukene we-pathogenic. Ngakho-ke ngemuva kokuphuza igazi kunoma ngubani, ukuphumula esidunjini noma emqubeni, umshini wasekwindla angalosulela kalula isilonda sesisulu esilandelayo.
Lawa maflaya angabathwali be-tularemia, i-anthrax, ubuthi begazi nezinye izifo eziyingozi. Ungabhekana kanjani nempukane futhi uzivikele wena nomndeni wakho? Izinyathelo zokulawula ziyefana nezimpukane ezivamile.
Umphumela womshini uqukethe ukufakwa kwamabha omiyane emawindini naseminyango, kanye ne-fly swatter eyaziwayo. Indlela yamakhemikhali ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Izitebele, izakhiwo kanye nezinqwaba zomquba zilashwa ngalezi zilungiselelo.
I-fumigator eyaziwayo enezingcwecwe ezikhethekile ingabangelwa yile nqubo. Ingqikithi yendlela yezinto eziphilayo ilele ekusetshenzisweni kwezinambuzane ezidlayo ezidla lolu hlobo lwezimpukane. Le nsikazi yegazi iluma, imvamisa, imilenze yezisulu zayo. Izimpukane ezilumayo zivuvukile futhi ziluma kabi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma impukane iluma?
Okokuqala udinga ukupholisa indawo yesikhumba ethintekile ngaphansi kweshawa. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvimbela ukusabela okweqile. Uma kukhona i-antihistamine kwikhabethe lemithi, khona-ke kungcono ukuyisebenzisa nasendaweni ethintekile. Uma kungekho sidakamizwa, ungasebenzisa amakhambi wesintu. Enye yazo ama-soda lotions.
Isipuni sesoda sihlanjululwa engilazini yamanzi afudumele. Ibhandeshi noma okokugqoka okuyinyumba kufakwe ngalesi sixazululo futhi kunamathiselwe kusayithi luma impukane... Lezi zenzo kufanele zikhulule ukulunywa nokushisa.
Ukudla
Isishisi sondla kuphela igazi. Ngokuyinhloko, ukudla kwezimpukane kufaka igazi lezinkomo. Kwesinye isikhathi izingulube namahhashi kungaphansi kwamehlo akhe. Kunezikhathi lapho oshisayo ephuza khona igazi lomuntu, kepha lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma kusegumbini elivaliwe nomuntu.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, insikazi iphenduka ibe "yisiminzi esingasuthiseki". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idinga igazi ukuze livuthise amaqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo salo sikhula kaningana.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokumatanisa sishesha ngokwanele ngokushesha nje lapho impukane yasekwindla kuphuma kukrysi. Ukuzaliswa kwezimpukane zasekwindla kungabesilisa nabesifazane. Umjikelezo ogcwele wokuzalela uhlala ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-20.
Ngemuva kokuphuza inani elidingekayo legazi, insikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda. Wenza lokhu emqubeni omanzi, hay ebolile, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nasemanxebeni ezilwane noma awabantu. Kuyo yonke impilo, iqoqo lamaqanda lowesifazane oyedwa lingafinyelela amayunithi angama-300-400. Zinkulu ngosayizi, zimhlophe futhi zinobude obuyindilinga.
Amaqanda akhula abe yizibungu kungakapheli amahora angama-24. Izimo ezifanele zokukhulisa izibungu ngomswakamo womoya ongu-70% kanye nezinga lokushisa elingadluli +25 0 C. Izibungu zinombala omhlophe ophuzi. Umboko uyanweba ngasekugcineni. Zingu-11.5 mm ubude futhi zingu-1.2 mm ububanzi kuphela.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwabo, izibungu zesishisi zishintsha ikhava yazo ibe yigobolondo elinamandla. Inqubo "yokushintsha imvunulo" ivela amahlandla ama-3 futhi ekugcineni isibungu siba yisiphungumangathi. Ngaphakathi kwakhe, cishe ukulungele ukuba mdala umshisi wasekwindla.
Insikazi, ngokushesha nje lapho iphuma kugobolondo lwesiphungumangathi ize ekukhanyeni, ngokushesha izokwazi ukuhlangana nenduna bese iqala ukukhulisa inani lekholoni lalo. Isikhathi esilinganiselwe se-flayer yesifazane izinsuku ezingama-20.
Njengoba ubona isinambuzane esishisayo eyingozi, ekwazi ukulimaza impilo yabantu kanye nemisebenzi yakhe yezomnotho. Isikhathi sokuphila salesi sinambuzane asisihle, kepha lokhu kunxeshezelwa ngosayizi wabantu baso. Inqubo yokuzalanisa ilula impela.
Futhi isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwenzalo asithathi isikhathi esiningi. Le mpukane iyakwazi ukusinda cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi ukuphela kwalezi zilwane akulindelekile esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
