Imamba eluhlaza (igama lesiLatini iDendroaspis angusticeps) ayisona isilwane esinwabuzelayo esikhulu kakhulu, esihle futhi esinobuthi kakhulu. Ohlwini lwezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni wethu, le nyoka ithatha indawo ye-14. Ukuze ubuhlakani bakhe bokuhlasela umuntu kungenasizathu esizwakalayo, ama-Afrika ambiza ngo "sathane oluhlaza." Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iyingozi kakhulu kunemfezi nemamba emnyama ngenxa yobuningi bayo, uma kwenzeka ingozi, iluma amahlandla amaningi.
Ukubukeka, incazelo
Le nyoka yinhle kakhulu, kepha ukubukeka kwayo kuyakhohlisa.... Imamba eluhlaza ingenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu.
Lokhu kubukeka kuvumela imamba eluhlaza ukuba izifihle ngokuphelele njengendawo yayo yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa le nyoka kusuka egatsheni noma kwi-liana.
Ngokude, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sifinyelela kumamitha amabili noma ngaphezulu. Ubude obukhulu benyoka buqoshwe ngabaphenyi ngamamitha ayi-2.1. Amehlo emamba eluhlaza ahlala evulekile, avikelwe amapuleti akhethekile asobala.
Kuyathakazelisa! Lapho isencane, umbala wayo uluhlaza okotshani, ngokuhamba kweminyaka iba mnyama kancane. Abanye abantu banombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Inhloko iyindilinga, ingunxande futhi ayihlangani nomzimba. Amazinyo amabili anobuthi atholakala ngaphambili komlomo. Amazinyo okuhlafuna angenabo ubuthi atholakala emihlathini yomibili engenhla nengezansi.
Indawo yokuhlala, izindawo zokuhlala
Inyoka yemamba eluhlaza ivame kakhulu ezifundeni ezinamahlathi eNtshonalanga Afrika.... Okuvame kakhulu eMozambique, eMpumalanga yeZambia naseTanzania. Uncamela ukuhlala ezihlahleni zoqalo nasemahlathini omango.
Kuyathakazelisa! Muva nje, kube nezimo zemamba eluhlaza ebonakala ezindaweni zokupaka zedolobha, kanti imamba nayo ingatholakala ezihlahleni zetiye, okwenza impilo yabavuni betiye nomango ibulale ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
Uthanda izindawo ezimanzi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele ezindaweni ezisogwini. Imamba eluhlaza ihlala ezindaweni ezicabalele, kodwa futhi iyenzeka nasezintabeni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1000.
Kubonakala sengathi yakhelwe ukuhlala ezihlahleni futhi umbala wayo omangalisayo ukuvumela ukuthi uhlale ungabonakali ngabangaba izisulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye ucashe ezitheni.
Indlela yokuphila yemamba eluhlaza
Ukubukeka nendlela yokuphila kwenza le nyoka ibe ngenye yezingozi kakhulu kubantu. Imamba eluhlaza ayivamile ukwehlela emhlabathini ivela ezihlahleni. Angatholakala emhlabeni kuphela uma ethwelwe kakhulu ukuzingela noma anqume ukubamba itshe elangeni.
Imamba eluhlaza ihola indlela yokuphila yasemakhaya, kulapho ethola khona izisulu zayo. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zihlasela kuphela lapho kudingeka, lapho zivikela zona noma zizingela.
Yize kukhona ubuthi obusabekayo, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo esinamahloni futhi esingenalo ulaka, ngokungafani nabanye abafowabo abaningi. Uma kungekho lutho olusongelayo, imamba eluhlaza ingathanda ukukhasa isuke ngaphambi kokuba uyiqaphele.
Kubantu, imamba eluhlaza iyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuvuna umango noma itiye. Njengoba izifihla ngokuphelele kuluhlaza lwezihlahla, kunzima kakhulu ukukuqaphela.
Uma ngengozi uphazamisa futhi wesabisa imamba eluhlaza, nakanjani iyozivikela futhi isebenzise isikhali sayo esibulalayo. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, abantu abayishumi nambili bafa ezindaweni ezinokuxinana okukhulu kwezinyoka.
Okubalulekile! Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoka, ezixwayisa ngokuhlaselwa ngokuziphatha kwazo, imamba eluhlaza, emangele, ihlasela ngokushesha nangaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Ingahlala iphapheme ngesikhathi sasemini, noma kunjalo, ukuphakama komsebenzi wemamba eluhlaza kwenzeka ebusuku, okuyisikhathi lapho izingela khona.
Ukudla, inyoka yokudla
Ngokuvamile, izinyoka azivamile ukuhlasela isisulu ezingakwazi ukugwinya. Kepha lokhu akusebenzi kwimamba eluhlaza, uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi engalindelekile, ingahlasela kalula into enkulu kunayo.
Uma le nyoka isuka kude izwa ukuthi isengozini, izokhetha ukucasha emahlathini aminyene. Kepha emangele, uyahlasela, nansi indlela umuzwa wokuzivikela osebenza ngayo.
Inyoka yondla wonke umuntu engambamba futhi imthole ezihlahleni... Njengomthetho, lezi yizinyoni ezincane, amaqanda ezinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (amagundane, amagundane, izingwejeje).
Futhi phakathi kwezisulu ze-mamba eluhlaza kungaba izibankwa, amaxoxo namalulwane, kaningi - izinyoka ezincane. Ukudla okukhulu kwenzeka futhi ekudleni kwemamba eluhlaza, kepha kuphela uma yehlela phansi, okwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu.
Ukuzala kabusha, isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi esiphakathi sokuphila semamba eluhlaza ezimweni zemvelo iminyaka eyi-6-8. Ekuthunjweni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, bangaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-14. Le nyoka evundlile ingabeka amaqanda angafika kwayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nesishagalombili.
Izindawo zamatshe ziyizinqwaba zamagatsha amadala namahlamvu abolile... Isikhathi sesikhathi sokufukamela sisuka ezinsukwini ezingama-90 kuye kwezingu-105, kuya ngezimo zangaphandle zokuphila. Izinyoka zizalwa zincane kakhulu kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ubude, ngalesi sikhathi azisiyo ingozi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ubuthi obukumamba eluhlaza buqala ukukhiqizwa lapho buba ngamasentimitha angama-35-50 ubude, okungukuthi, amasonto ama-3-4 ngemuva kokuzalwa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-molt yokuqala ivela ezinwabuzaneni ezincane.
Izitha zemvelo
Zimbalwa izitha zemvelo zemamba eluhlaza emvelweni, ngenxa yokuvela kwayo nombala we "camouflage". Ikuvumela ukuthi ucashe ngempumelelo ezitheni nasekuzingeleni ngaphandle kokunakwa.
Uma sikhuluma ngezitha, ngakho-ke ziyizinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zezinyoka nezilwane ezincelisayo, ukudla kwazo okubandakanya imamba eluhlaza. Isici se-anthropogenic siyingozi ikakhulukazi - ukugawulwa kwamahlathi namahlathi ashisayo, anciphisa indawo yemvelo yalezi zinyoka.
Ingozi yobuthi bemamba eluhlaza
Imamba eluhlaza inoshevu onobuthi futhi onamandla kakhulu. Uklelisa ishumi nane endaweni yezilwane eziyingozi kubantu. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka zihayiza kakhulu lapho zisongelwa, zidlikiza ngamafinyila emsila wazo, kube sengathi zifuna ukwethuka, kepha imamba eluhlaza isebenza ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, ukuhlaselwa kwayo kuyashesha futhi akubonakali.
Okubalulekile! Ubuthi be-mamba eluhlaza buqukethe ama-neurotoxin anamandla kakhulu futhi uma i-antidote inganikezwa ngesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke i-necrosis yezicubu kanye nokukhubazeka okuhlelekile kwenzeka.
Ngenxa yalokho, cishe 90% ukufa kungenzeka. Cishe abantu abangama-40 baba yizisulu zemamba eluhlaza unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokwezibalo zezokwelapha, ukufa kwenzeka cishe emaminithini angama-30-40, uma usizo lungahlinzekwa ngesikhathi. Ukuze uzivikele ekuhlaselweni yile nyoka eyingozi, kufanele uqaphele izindlela ezithile zokuphepha.
Gqoka izingubo ezikubambayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, qaphela... Izingubo ezinjalo zibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kunezimo lapho imamba eluhlaza, ewa emagatsheni, iwa futhi iwele ngemuva kukakhololo. Ukuba sesimweni esinjalo, ngokuqinisekile uzokhipha ukuluma okuningana kumuntu.
