Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-argiopa
Isicabucabu Argiope Brunnich kubhekisa ezinhlotsheni ze-araneomorphic. Lesi yisinambuzane esikhulu impela, abesilisa bancane kunabesifazane. Umzimba wesifazane omdala ungafinyelela kusuka kumasentimitha ama-3 kuye kwayi-6, yize kukhona okuhlukile ohlangothini olukhulu.
Abesilisa be-argiopangokuphambene nalokho, mancane ngosayizi - awekho ngaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-5, ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba omncane omncane womfana uvame ukupendwa ngombala we-nondescript we-monochrome ompunga noma umbala omnyama onesisu esilula nemivimbo emibili emnyama kuwo, etholakala ezinhlangothini. Emilenzeni elula, izindandatho ezingachazwanga kahle, ezingacacile zomthunzi omnyama. Ama-pedipalps athweswa umqhele ngezitho zobulili zabesilisa, kungenjalo - ama-bulb.
Esithombeni, i-spider argiope eyesilisa
Insikazi ihlukile hhayi ngosayizi kuphela, kepha futhi nangokubukeka okujwayelekile. Owesifazane argiopa omnyama ophuzi ezimthende, ezinekhanda elimnyama, emzimbeni oyindilinga oyisiyingi kunezinwele ezincane ezikhanyayo. Uma sibala, siqala ku-cephalothorax, umugqa wesine uhlukile kokunye ngama-tubercles amabili amancane phakathi.
Abanye ososayensi bachaza imilenze yabesifazane ukuthi yinde, imincane, imnyama enamaringi aphuzi noma akhanyayo, abanye bacabanga okuphambene: imilenze yesicabucabu ilula, namabhande ayo amnyama. Isikhathi semilenze singafinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-10. Sekukonke, isicabucabu sinamapheya ayisithupha emilenze: ama-4 ngazimbili abhekwa njengemilenze kanye nemihlathi emi-2.
Esithombeni sesicabucabu se-argiope sowesifazane
Ama-pedipalps kunalokho amafushane, afana nezintambo. Kungenxa yenhlanganisela yemibala emnyama nephuzi, evezwe ngemivimbo emzimbeni nasemilenzeni, i-argiopa ibizwa nge- "spider spider"... Umbala omuhle wesicabucabu uphinde usisize ungabi isidlo sakusihlwa sezinyoni, ngoba embusweni wezilwane, imibala ekhanyayo ikhombisa ubukhona besifo esinamandla.
Okunye ukuhluka okujwayelekile okujwayelekile i-argiope lobed, noma ngenye indlela - argiopa lobata... Isicabucabu sathola igama laso ngenxa yesimo somzimba esingajwayelekile - isisu sayo esisicaba sithweswe umqhele wamazinyo abukhali emaphethelweni. U-Argiopa Lobata esithombeni sifana nesikwashi esincane esinemilenze emide ezacile.
Esithombeni, i-spider argiope lobata (lobular agriopa)
Abamele lezi zinhlobo basakazeke emhlabeni wonke. Zitholakala e-Afrika, eYurophu, e-Asia Minor naseCentral, ezifundeni eziningi zeRussian Federation, Japan, China. Indawo yokuphila ekhethwayo yizimfunda, imiphetho yehlathi, noma yiziphi ezinye izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle yilanga.
Umbuzo uvame ukubuzwa “isicabucabu i-argiope inobuthi noma cha“, Impendulo yakhona inguyebo. Njengezicabucabu eziningi i-argiope inobuthi, nokho, ayisiyona ingozi kubantu - ubuthi bayo buthakathaka kakhulu. Isinambuzane asibonisi ulaka kubantu, singenza njalo luma owesifazane kuphela argiopes futhi kuphela uma umbamba ezandleni zakho.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kobuthakathaka boshevu, ukuziluma uqobo kungadala ukuzwa okubuhlungu, ngoba izitinyela ziyajula ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Indawo yokuluma icishe ibe bomvu, ivuze kancane, bese iba ndikindiki.
Ubuhlungu buyancipha kuphela ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, kepha ukuvuvukala i-argiope spider bite ingahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Abantu abaguliswa yilokhu kulunywa kuphela okufanele besabe kakhulu. I-Argiopa iyachuma ekuthunjweni, yingakho (futhi ngenxa yombala obabazekayo) abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo bavame ukubonakala ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila ye-agriopa
Abamele izinhlobo argiopa brunnich imvamisa babutha emakholoni ambalwa (angekho ngaphezulu kwama-20 abantu), bahole impilo yasemhlabeni. Inetha libekwa phakathi kweziqu eziningana noma izindwani zotshani.
Esithombeni sesicabucabu i-argiope brunnich
I-Argiope — isicabucabu i-orb eluka. Amanetha ayo ahlukaniswa yiseli elihle kakhulu, ngisho nephethini namaseli amancane. Njengoba sesilutholile ugibe lwaso, isicabucabu sihlala ngokunethezeka engxenyeni yaso engezansi bese silinda ngesineke kuze kube yilapho isilwane uqobo lwaso sifika kuso.
Uma isicabucabu sizwa ingozi, izoshiya ngokushesha isicupho bese yehlela phansi. Lapho, i-argiope itholakala ibheke phansi, ifihle i-cephalothorax uma kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, isicabucabu singazama ukuvikela ingozi ngokuqala ngokuswayipha iwebhu. Imicu eminyene ye-stabilizingum ibonisa ukukhanya, okuhlangana endaweni ekhanyayo yemvelaphi engaziwa yesitha.
I-Argiopa inomoya ozolile, ukubona lesi silwane sisendle, ungasibona kude futhi uthathe isithombe, asesabi abantu. Ngesikhathi sokusa ekuseni nakusihlwa, kanye nasebusuku, lapho kupholile ngaphandle, isicabucabu siba buthakathaka futhi singasebenzi.
Ukudla okunomsoco we-Agriopa
Esikhathini esiningi, izintethe, izimpukane, omiyane baba izisulu zamabhubu ebangeni elifushane ukusuka phansi. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe isiphi isinambuzane esiwela ogibeni, isicabucabu sizozitika ngaso ngenjabulo. Ngokushesha nje lapho isisulu sithinta imicu kasilika futhi siyinamathela ngokuphepha, argiopa isondela kuye idedela ushevu. Ngemuva kokuvezwa kwaso, lesi sinambuzane siyayeka ukumelana naso, isicabucabu sisigoqa ngomoya ophansi emgodini ominyene wezithungo zezinhlamvu bese sisidla ngokushesha.
Isicabucabu se-Argiope lobata uhlanganyela ekubekeni isicupho ezimeni eziningi kusihlwa. Yonke inqubo imthatha cishe ihora. Ngenxa yalokho, kutholakala i-web spider round enkulu, enkabeni yayo kukhona i-stabilizingum (iphethini ye-zigzag equkethe imicu ebonakalayo).
Lesi isici esihlukile cishe sayo yonke i-orb-webs, kepha i-argiopa ivelele lapha futhi - inethiwekhi yayo ihlotshiselwe ukuzinza. Ziqala enkabeni yesicupho bese zisabalala ziye emaphethelweni.
Lapho sesiqedile umsebenzi, isicabucabu sithatha indawo yaso maphakathi nendawo, sibeka izitho zaso ngendlela yaso - imilenze emibili yesobunxele neyesibili engakwesokudla, kanye nemilenze emibili yangakwesobunxele neyesokudla, zisondelene kakhulu kangangokuba ukude umuntu angahle enze iphutha ngesinambuzane sohlamvu X elenga kuwebhu yesicabucabu. Izinambuzane ze-Orthoptera zingukudla kwe-argiope brunnich, kepha isicabucabu asideleli ezinye.
Esithombeni, iwebhu ye-argiopa eneziqinisi
Isiqinisi se-zigzag esiveziwe sibonisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, ngaleyo ndlela sidonse izisulu zesicabucabu ogibeni. Ukudla uqobo kuvame ukwenzeka emhlabathini, lapho isicabucabu sehla khona, sishiya ubulembu, ukuze sidle endaweni ecashile, ngaphandle kwezingqapheli ezingadingekile.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo ye-agriopa
Lapho nje kudlula i-molt, ekhombisa ukulungela kowesifazane ukukhwelana, lesi senzo siyenzeka, ngoba i-chelicerae yesifazane ihlala ithambile isikhashana. Indoda yazi kusengaphambili kahle ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka nini, ngoba ingalinda isikhathi eside isikhathi esifanele, icashe kwenye indawo onqenqemeni lwewebhu enkulu yabesifazane.
Ngemuva kocansi, insikazi idla ngokushesha umlingani wayo. Kwakunezimo lapho owesilisa ekwazile ukubaleka emgodini wewebhu, oweluka insikazi, ngokundiza, noma kunjalo, ukukhwelwa okulandelayo kungenzeka kubulale onenhlanhla.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwezitho ezimbili kuphela kwabesilisa, ezidlala indima yezitho zokulingisa. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, elinye lalezi zingalo liyawa, kepha-ke, uma isicabucabu sikwazi ukuphunyuka, kusala esinye.
Ngaphambi kokubeka, umama okhulelwe uluqa usigaxa omkhulu futhi awubeke eduze kwenetha elibanjwa. Yilapho kamuva abekela khona wonke amaqanda, futhi inani lawo lingafinyelela izingcezu ezingamakhulu amaningana. Sonke isikhathi siseduze, insikazi iyawugada ngokucophelela umfece.
Kepha, lapho kusondela isimo sezulu esibandayo, insikazi iyafa, umfece ukhona ungashintshi kulo lonke ubusika futhi kuphela entwasahlobo lapho izicabucabu ziphuma khona, zihlala ezindaweni ezahlukene. Njengomthetho, kulokhu bahamba emoyeni besebenzisa izigaxa. Umjikelezo wokuphila wonke weBronnich argiopa uhlala unyaka owodwa.
