Amanzi aphansi abizwa ngokuthi lawo atholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-25 ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Kwakhiwa ngenxa yamachibi ahlukahlukene nemvula ngesimo semvula neqhwa. Bangena emhlabathini bese benqwabelana lapho. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ahlukile emanzini angaphansi komhlaba ngoba awanayo ingcindezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko wazo ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayazwela uma kuguquka umkhathi. Ukujula lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angaba khona kungeqi kumamitha angama-25.
Izinga lamanzi aphansi
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba asondele kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba, noma kunjalo, izinga lawo lingahluka ngokuya ngezwe nesikhathi sonyaka. Izophakama kumswakama omkhulu, ikakhulukazi uma lina kakhulu futhi iqhwa liyancibilika. Futhi lelo zinga lithonywe yimifula eseduze, amachibi neminye imizimba yamanzi. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, itafula lamanzi liyancipha. Ngalesi sikhathi, uthathwa njengophansi kunabo bonke.
Izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- liphansi lapho izinga lingafinyeleli kumamitha ama-2. Izakhiwo zingakhiwa endaweni enjalo;
- izinga eliphakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili.
Uma wenza izibalo ezingalungile zokujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, lokhu kuyasongela: ukugcwala kwesakhiwo, ukubhujiswa kwesisekelo nezinye izinkinga.
Isenzeko samanzi angaphansi komhlaba
Ukuze uthole kahle ukuthi amanzi aphansi komhlaba alelephi, ungaqala ngokuqaphela okulula. Lapho ukujula kungashoni, izimpawu ezilandelayo zizobonakala:
- ukuvela kwenkungu ekuseni, ezindaweni ezithile zomhlaba;
- ifu lama-midges "elizulazula" ngenhla komhlaba kusihlwa;
- indawo lapho izitshalo ezithanda umswakama zikhula kahle.
Futhi ungasebenzisa enye indlela yesintu. Embizeni yobumba, thela uhlobo oluthile lwe-desiccant material (isb. Usawoti noma ushukela). Yibe usilinganisa ngokucophelela. Isonge ngesiqeshana sendwangu bese uyigqiba emhlabathini ngokujula ngamasentimitha angama-50. Ngemuva kosuku, yivule, uphinde uyilinganise futhi. Ngokuya ngokwehluka kwesisindo, kuzokwazi ukwazi ukuthi amanzi asondele kangakanani ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ungathola futhi ngobukhona bamanzi angaphansi komhlaba avela ebalazweni le-hydrogeological lendawo. Kepha indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu ukubhola okuhlolayo. Indlela yekholomu esetshenziswa kakhulu.
Imininingwane
Lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eza ngokwemvelo, lapho-ke ayaphuzeka. Ukungcola ketshezi kuthonywa amadolobhana namadolobha aseduze, kanye nokusondela kwamanzi ebusweni bomhlaba.
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezahlukile ekukhiqizeni amaminerali, ngakho-ke zimi kanje:
- ongenangqondo;
- usawoti omncane;
- brackish;
- usawoti;
- izinsimbi.
Ubulukhuni bamanzi angaphansi komhlaba buhlukaniswa futhi:
- jikelele. Ihlukene ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu: amanzi athambile kakhulu, amanzi athambile aphansi, amanzi aqinile ngokulingene, amanzi aqinile, amanzi aphansi kakhulu;
- i-carbonate;
- okungeyona i-carbonate.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, aqukethe izinto eziningi eziyingozi. Amanzi anjalo ajwayele ukutholakala eduze nendawo okulahlwa kuyo udoti, enendawo yokulahla udoti wamakhemikhali noma wemisebe.
Ububi bamanzi angaphansi komhlaba
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba nawo anokubi kwawo, isibonelo:
- ama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene (kanye ne-pathogenic nawo) ekwakhiweni kwamanzi;
- ukuqina. Lokhu kuthinta ukwehla kwesibani samapayipi amanzi ahlinzekwa ngawo, ngoba kufakwa imali ethile kuwo;
- umswakama, ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlayiya ezithile emanzini;
- ukungcola emanzini angaphansi komhlaba wezinto ezahlukahlukene, ama-microorganisms, usawoti kanye namagesi. Bonke abakwazi ukushintsha hhayi umbala kuphela, kodwa futhi nokunambitheka kwamanzi, iphunga lawo;
- amaphesenti amakhulu wamaminerali. Ishintsha ukunambitheka kwamanzi, ngakho-ke kuvela ukunambitheka kwensimbi;
- ama-nitrate ne-ammonia angena emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Ziyingozi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
Ukuze amanzi abe nekhwalithi engcono kakhulu, kufanele acutshungulwe ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuzosiza ekususeni ukungcola okuhlukahlukene.
