IMelanochromis auratus (isiLatin Melanochromis auratus) noma upholi wegolide ungomunye wama-cichlids adume kabi eLake Malawi.
Okujwayelekile nge-Auratus - insikazi nowesilisa banombala ohlukile, abesilisa banomzimba omnyama onemivimbo ephuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti abesifazane baphuzi ngemivimbo emnyama.
Lo mbala wenza impilo ibe lula kuma-aquarists, ngoba ubonakala ngokusobala ukuthi ngubani futhi ukulwa phakathi kwabesilisa kungagwenywa.
Ukuphila emvelweni
IMelanochromis auratus yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1897. Kugcwele eLake Malawi e-Afrika. Ihlala ogwini oluseningizimu, ukusuka emadwaleni aseYalo kuya eNkot Kota, nasogwini olusentshonalanga eCrocodile Rocks.
IGolden Parrot ingenye yama-cichlid okuqala ase-Afrika ukungena emakethe. Kungumndeni we-cichlid obizwa ngeMbuna, onezinhlobo eziyi-13 ezihlukaniswa ngomsebenzi wazo nolaka.
IMbuna, ngolimi lwaseMalawi, isho inhlanzi ehlala emadwaleni. Leli gama lichaza kahle izintandokazi endaweni yokuhlala ye-auratus, ngoba ngaphandle kwabo kukhona nedada - inhlanzi ehlala emanzini avulekile.
Kutholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezinamadwala. Ngokwemvelo, iMbuna yakha imindeni yesithembu equkethe owesilisa nabesifazane abaningana.
Abesilisa abangenawo insimu nabesifazane bahlala bodwa, noma baduka baba ngamaqembu ezinhlanzi eziyi-8-10.
Zondla kakhulu ulwelwe olukhula emadwaleni, lubasike ezindaweni eziqinile. Zidla nezinambuzane, iminenke, iplankton, gazinga.
Incazelo
Inhlanzi inomzimba ovulekile, nekhanda eliyindilinga, umlomo omncane kanye ne-dorsal fin. Banamazinyo wepharyngeal aklanyelwe ukususa ulwelwe olunzima.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha ayi-11, noma ngabe ngokugcinwa kahle kungakhula kakhulu. Bangaphila iminyaka engaba mihlanu.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
Izinhlanzi zama-aquarists athuthukile futhi anolwazi. Ama-parrot egolide anolaka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, futhi awazifanele ngokuphelele izindawo zasemanzini zomphakathi.
Zidinga ukugcinwa namanye ama-cichlids ngokungafani nawo, noma nezinhlanzi ezisheshayo ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamanzi, noma ngokwehlukana. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, zijwayela ngokushesha, zidle kahle, futhi kulula ukuzala.
I-Auratus ingabizwa ngokuthi inzima ukugcina izinhlanzi, ayizilungele abaqalayo. Iqiniso ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi ezeduna, zinendawo futhi zinolaka.
Ama-hobie hobbyist avame ukuthenga lezi zinhlanzi, kepha bese ethola ukuthi zibulele zonke ezinye izinhlanzi ezise-aquarium. Abesilisa abakubekezeleli abanye abesilisa nezinhlanzi ezifanayo nabo ngokubukeka.
Yize ingezona izigebenga ngosayizi, ngokwesilinganiso i-11 cm, kuyaqabukela ngaphezulu, kubonakala sengathi ulaka olungaka luvelaphi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, abesifazane nabo bayizimpi kakhulu futhi banesibindi. Uma ungeke ubazalele, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina abesifazane abaningi ethangini elifanayo. Banolaka oluncane futhi, uma abesilisa bengekho, bayakwazi ukushintsha umbala wabo ubukise kowesilisa, okungukuthi, ngaphandle babe ngabesilisa.
Insikazi evelele ipendwa kabusha ibe eyeduna, kanti ezinye ezinsikazi zinombala ojwayelekile. Abesilisa kuyaqabukela, kepha futhi bashintsha imibala ukufana nabesifazane.
Ukuthandwa kwabo kwalethwa umbala ogqamile - igolide elinemigqa emnyama nokumnyama.
Ukondla
Ngokwemvelo, badla kakhulu ukudla kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke bazobhubhisa noma yiziphi izitshalo ku-aquarium yakho. Izinhlobo ezilukhuni kuphela, ezinjenge-anubias, ezinethuba.
E-aquarium, bangaphakelwa ngokudla okubukhoma nokubandayo. Kepha ingxenye eyinhloko yokondla kufanele kube ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fiber yemifino.
Kungaba ukudla kokubili nge-spirulina nokudla okukhethekile kwama-cichlids ase-Afrika, ngoba kuningi okuthengiswayo manje.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Amanzi eLake Malawi anzima kakhulu futhi aqukethe inani elikhulu lamaminerali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ichibi likhulu kakhulu futhi ukuguquguquka okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke kwe-pH nokushisa kuncane. Ngakho-ke ukuzinza kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokugcina amaMbich cidilid.
Amanzi okugcina i-auratus kufanele abe nzima (6 - 10 dGH) nge-ph: 7.7-8.6 kanye namazinga okushisa 23-28 ° С. Uma uhlala esifundeni esinamanzi athambile amaningi, khona-ke ubunzima kuzodingeka bukhuliswe, ngokwesibonelo, kusetshenziswa ama-coral chips afakwe emhlabathini.
Ngokwemvelo, iMbuna ihlala endaweni enamatshe amaningi ezansi nesihlabathi njengenhlabathi. E-aquarium, udinga ukuphinda wenze izimo ezifanayo - inani elikhulu lezindawo zokukhosela, isihlabathi, amanzi anzima ne-alkaline.
Ngasikhathi sinye, zimba ngenkuthalo emhlabathini, futhi kungembiwa amatshe. Izitshalo azidingi ukutshalwa nhlobo, zidingeka yi-melanochromis kuphela njengokudla.
Qaphela ukuthi wonke ama-cichlids ase-Afrika adinga amanzi anamapharamitha azinzile, ahlanzekile futhi anokuqukethwe okuphezulu komoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwesihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle akuyona into yokunethezeka, kepha kuyisimo esidingeka ngokuphelele.
Ukuhambisana
Kuhle kakhulu ukugcinwa ethangini elihlukile, lodwa noma namanye ama-cichlids. Zizwana nezinye izimbuna ezinolaka, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi zingafani nazo ngesimo somzimba nangebala.
Uma izinhlanzi zifana, i-auratus izohlala ibahlasela. Njengoba zinendawo yokukhosela ne-aquarium ebanzi, ngeke zife, kepha zizohlala zicindezelekile futhi ngeke zizale.
Upholi osagolide ungcono ukugcinwa endaweni yezidleke, equkethe owesilisa nabesifazane abaningana.
Uma kukhona abesilisa ababili e-aquarium, munye kuphela ozosinda. Abesifazane nabo bayathandeka, kepha ngezinga elincane.
Kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kungcono ukhethe izinhlanzi ezisheshayo ezihlala ezingxenyeni eziphakathi neziphezulu zamanzi. Isibonelo, uthingo lwemvula ye-neon noma i-Sumatran barbs.
Ulaka:
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Ukuhlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa kulula impela, kepha kuphela ngemuva kokuba sebekhulile ngokocansi. Eyesilisa inombala omnyama womzimba onemivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka negolide, kuyilapho insikazi inombala wegolide onemivimbo emnyama.
Ukuzala
Ngokwemvelo, ama-auratus ahlala endaweni enendawo enamadwala, endaweni yabesifazane, lapho owesilisa enezinsikazi eziningana kanye nensimu yakhe.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, owesilisa uba nombala ikakhulukazi, alandele owesifazane. Insikazi izalela amaqanda angaba ngu-40, iwafake emlonyeni wayo masinyane, bese eyesilisa iwumithisa.
Insikazi izala amaqanda amasonto amathathu.
Futhi uyaqhubeka ebanakekela ngemuva kokuzalwa, efihla emlonyeni wakhe uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi. Ukuqalisa kokudla kwe-brine shrimp nauplii gazinga.
UMaleki ukhula kancane, afinyelele kubukhulu obungu-2 cm ezinyangeni ezintathu, bese eqala ukufaka umbala phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-9.
