I-Beauceron, noma i-Smooth-haired French Shepherd Dog (i-Berger de Beauce) iyinja eyalusayo enyakatho yeFrance. Yinjaja enkulu kunazo zonke futhi endala kunazo zonke yezinja zaseFrance, ayikaze iwele nezinye izinhlobo futhi ayihlanjululwa.
Umlando wozalo
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili, imihlambi yezimvu ezazulazula ezimfundeni zaseFrance zazivame kakhulu. Abelusi ababili baseFrance babekwazi ukubhekana nomhlambi wamakhanda angamakhulu amabili noma amathathu, futhi bobabili babekwazi ukuphatha nokuvikela umhlambi. Amandla nokukhuthazela kwabavumela ukuba bahambisane nomhlambi emabangeni angama-50-70 km, futhi bawedlulise emini.
Ngo-1863, umbukiso wokuqala wezinja wabanjelwa eParis, owawunezinja zokwalusa eziyi-13, kamuva ezaziwa ngokuthi iBeauceron. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi babebhekwa njengezisebenzi, hhayi izinja zokubonisa futhi abazange bavuse intshisekelo enkulu.
Ngokokuqala ngqá igama lohlobo lwalusetshenziswa encwadini yakhe yezinja zamasosha nguprofesa wezilwane nodokotela wezilwane uJean Pierre Mégnin. Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinja zazibizwa kakhulu nge-Bas Rouge, okungahunyushwa ngokuthi "amasokisi abomvu," okokumaka okusansimbi emilenzeni yangaphambili.
Ngo-1896, u-Emmanuel Boulet (umlimi nomfuyi), u-Ernest Menaut (uNgqongqoshe Wezolimo) noPierre Menzhin babuthana edolobhaneni laseVillette. Bakha indinganiso yokufuya izinja base beqamba igama elithi Bergere de la Brie (briard) onezinwele ezinde kanye neBerger de la Beauce (beauceron) onezinwele ezibushelelezi. NgesiFulentshi, uBerger ungumalusi, igama lesibili egameni lohlobo lwalusho isifunda saseFrance.
Umhlangano uholele ekwakhiweni kweFrench Shepherd Dog Club. UPierre Menzhin wadala iBeauceron Dog Lovers Club - CAB (French Club des Amis du Beauceron) ngo-1911, le kilabhu yayihlanganyela ekwakhiweni nasekwandisweni kohlobo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo yazama ukugcina izimfanelo zokusebenza.
Kodwa-ke, kancane kancane inani lezimvu lehla, isidingo sokushayela sehla kakhulu futhi lokhu kwathinta inani labelusi baseFrance. I-CAB yaqala ukukhangisa ngalolu hlobo njengenja yokubuka ukuvikela umndeni nekhaya.
Futhi ngokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II, ukusetshenziswa okusha kwatholakala kulezi zinja. Bathumela imiyalezo, bafuna izimayini, ama-saboteurs. Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, ukuthandwa kohlobo lwakhula kakhulu futhi namuhla kusetshenziswa njengomalusi, kepha kaningi njengomlingani, unogada, kwezempi nakwezomphakathi.
Ngo-1960, uMnyango Wezolimo wakhathazeka ngekhwalithi yalolu hlobo ukuze luvikeleke kuzinguquko. Ukuchitshiyelwa kokugcina kwezinga lokuzala kwamukelwa ngo-2001, futhi kwaba kuphela - kwaba okwesithupha kuphela eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka, lezi zinja zivele eHolland, eBelgium, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Kepha phesheya kwezilwandle, intshisekelo yalolu hlobo ibibuthaka. I-American Beauceron Club yasungulwa ngo-2003 kuphela, kanti lo mhlobo wahlonishwa ku-AKC ngo-2007.
Incazelo
Abesilisa beBeauceron bafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-60-70 ekubuneni futhi babe nesisindo esisuka ku-30 kuye ku-45 kg, ama-bitches mancane. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka eyi-11.
Ijazi leli liqukethe ihembe eliphezulu nelingezansi (ijazi langaphansi). Ingaphezulu inombala omnyama, omnyama no-tan, i-harlequin (omnyama-mpunga onamabala amnyama, amnyama nampunga). Leli yibhantshi elijiyile, elijiyile elinobude obungu-3-4 cm.
Ekhanda, izindlebe, izidladla, zimfushane. Ingubo yangaphansi iyimpunga, inombala wegundane, imfishane, iyajiya. Ebusika kuyaqina, ikakhulukazi uma inja ihlala egcekeni.
Izinja zinentamo yemisipha namahlombe akhule kahle, isifuba esibanzi. Inja kufanele inikeze umbono wamandla, amandla, kepha ngaphandle kokuxaka.
Isici sohlobo lohlobo lwenzalo yamazinyo - izinzwane ezingeziwe kuzidladla, okuyisici esingafaneleki kwezinye izinhlobo futhi ziyasuswa. Futhi ngokwezinga lokuzalisa, ukuze iBeauceron ibambe iqhaza kulo mdlalo, kufanele ibe neziphambeko zamazinyo aphindwe kabili emilenzeni yayo yangemuva.
Uhlamvu
Umbhali odumile waseFrance uCollette, obize abaseBeauceron ngokuthi “izwe labahlonishwa” ngokubukeka kwabo okuhle nokuhloniphekile. Bazolile futhi bathembekile nomndeni wabo, kepha bayaxwaya kubantu abangabazi. Bahlakaniphile futhi bayakwazi ukubekezela, abasubathi futhi banesibindi, bajwayele ukusebenza kanzima futhi bakulungele ukuqapha umndeni wabo.
Abantu abanolwazi, abazethembayo badinga ukuqeqesha abelusi baseFrance. Ngendlela eyiyo, ezolile nefunayo, babamba ngokushesha yonke imiyalo bese bezama ukujabulisa umnikazi. Iqiniso ngukuthi bangabaholi ngokwemvelo futhi bahlala bezama ukuba ngabokuqala ephaketheni. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuzijabulisa, ukuqeqeshwa, umnikazi udinga ukuqina, ukungaguquguquki nokuzola.
Ngasikhathi sinye, bahlakaniphile futhi bazimele, ababekezeleli ukuphathwa ngonya nokungafanele, ikakhulukazi uma kuvela kubantu abangabazi. Uma umnikazi engenakho okuhlangenwe nakho futhi ekhombisa ukuthi unonya, khona-ke ukuziphatha okunjalo, ngeke nje kungasebenzi, kuzoba yingozi.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlalisaneni kwezinja, ngoba azithembi abantu ezingabazi. Kuliqiniso, lesi sici naso sinohlangothi oluhle - bangabalindi abahle kakhulu. Futhi, bawuthanda kakhulu umndeni wabo, bakulungele ukugxumela esifubeni sakho, bagijima ukukuhlangabeza yonke indlela.
Bayazithanda izingane futhi bazwana kahle nabo, kepha ubukhulu namandla angadlala iqhinga elibi ezinganeni ezincane. Kungcono ukwethula omunye nomunye kusenesikhathi, ukuze inja iqonde ingane, nengane iqonde ukuthi inja idinga ukudlalwa kahle.
Kodwa-ke, yonke inja yehlukile, lapho uthenga injana yeBeauceron, qiniseka ukuthi abazali bayo bazwana nezingane. Futhi ungalokothi ushiye izingane ezincane zodwa nenja yakho, noma ngabe uziphatha kahle kanjani.
Bangaba nolaka kwezinye izinja nezilwane, kepha bavame ukuzwana kahle nalabo abakhule nabo.
Imvelo yabo ibatshela ukuthi balawule ezinye izilwane nabantu ngokucindezela, khumbula ukuthi lena yinja yokwalusa.
Zibamba futhi zilume kancane izimvu ukuze zizilawule. Ukuziphatha okunjalo akufuneki endlini, futhi ukuze sikuqede kungcono ukuthatha izifundo zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe jikelele (ukulalela).
Esinye isici sezinja zokwalusa yisidingo senani elikhulu lokucindezeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. UBeauceron uyasebenza kakhulu ukuthi angahlala efulethini noma edokodweni, badinga indlu yangasese enamagceke amakhulu lapho bangadlala khona, bagijime futhi bagade.
Amandla nokukhuthazela kwabo kudinga imithwalo emikhulu kakhulu kunokuhambahamba endaweni isigamu sehora. Futhi uma bengayitholi indlela yokuphuma, khona-ke lokhu kuthinta isimilo senja, kuyacasula noma kube nesithukuthezi futhi kube yingozi.
Ukunakekela
Ijazi elijiyile elingangeni amanzi eBeauceron alidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi liyabavikela ngisho nasemakhazeni amabi kakhulu. Kwanele ukuluhlanganisa kanye ngesonto, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuchitha, lapho udinga ukususa izinwele ezifile nsuku zonke.
