Namuhla, ngibuya ezweni lakithi futhi ngiphumule kahle, ngabona umyalezo lapho ngacelwa ukuthi ngicindezele ubuchopho bami okungenani bese ngiqala ukubhala le ndatshana. Lokhu kungenye yendalo yami yokuqala, ngakho-ke ngicela ungahluleli ngokuqinile. Noma umahluleli. Anginandaba.
Futhi namhlanje sizokhuluma ngalo lonke uhlobo lwe-catfish engiyithandayo, okuyi-genus Panaque (Panaki). Ngokuvamile, igama elithi "Panak" lanikezwa lezi zindawo ngabakhileyo eVenezuela, kepha asisoze sazi ukuthi yimaphi ama-panakas okuqala aba "Panac".
Izinhlobo zePanaki
Sekukonke, uhlobo lwePanaque njengamanje lubandakanya izinhlobo eziyi-14 ezichazwe kabi, osayizi bazo busuka ku-28 kuye ku-60 cm +, kepha ngaphezulu kulokho kamuva.
Ngakho-ke ake siqale ngokuhleleka. Ungahlukanisa kanjani iPanaki kusuka kwenye i-Loricaria (L) catfish? Konke kulula kakhulu! Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa lolu hlobo uhlobo oluthile lwamazinyo. Isisekelo sabo sezinyo sincane kakhulu kunomphetho waso. Okungukuthi, kukhona ukunwetshwa okubukhali kusuka kusinini kuze kube semaphethelweni ezinyo, ngakho-ke babizwa ngokuthi "okwenziwe ngesipuni" (okunesimo sesipuni).
Isici sesibili futhi mhlawumbe esigqame kakhulu yisici se-geometry sogebhezi, esikhumbuza inqola yokuqala yesitimela esisheshayo, kanye nenani lekhanda nomzimba (ikhanda lithatha cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude bezinhlanzi).
Futhi umehluko obaluleke kakhulu amadevu kaPanaka. Into ukuthi ngokwemvelo, ukudla kukaPanaka kuqukethe izinkuni ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke akudingi ukunambitha nabahlaziyi abathintekayo.
Ngokuphathelene nalezi zintshebe ezizwelayo, futhi noma kunjalo, zihlanjululwa ngokweqile, kukhona kuphela eduze kwamakhala, izintshebe ezinkulu azifezi indima yabahlaziyi, kepha kungenzeka kakhulu zisebenzele ekuboneni i-catfish yobukhulu bayo (noma ingakhasa kwenye indawo noma cha).
Futhi kufanele unake nemisebe ye-dorsal fin! Kukhona njalo eziyi-8 zazo futhi zihamba ngokuqinile zibheke emaphethelweni.
Ngakho-ke, kuhle, kuhlungwe ngamazinyo. Manje kusasele ukuthola ukuthi ayini la mazinyo. Ngokwemvelo, njengoba sekushiwo, ukudla okuyinhloko kwayo yonke iPanaki (ngokuya ngokudla, konke kuyafana) kuyizinkuni.
Konke ukuphila kwabo, lezi zidalwa ezingenamahloni kangako zikuchitha ezihlahleni nezimpande zazo ziwela emanzini. Futhi zondla ngazo, ngakho-ke lapho ugcina lezi zinhlanzi zasemanzini ezindaweni zasemanzini, ungakhohlwa ngokuba khona kweziqubu kuzo.
Okufanele ikakhulukazi lokhu izimpande zezihlahla zezithelo ezifana neplamu, i-apula, umlotha wezintaba, njll. (ongayithenga njalo kithi vk.com/aquabiotopru).
Ngincoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe izimpande kuma-aquariums, ngoba lezi zindiza zamanzi zizoklina amagatsha ajwayelekile ngokushesha okukhulu bese ziguqula indawo yakho yemvelo ibe yisipula. Njengoba iPanaki ihlafuna izinkuni ezikhukhulayo futhi ikhiphela iseyidi emanzini, okuwumthombo ongabizi kakhulu we-cellulose odingwa ama-geophagus, ukuwagcina ndawonye kungumbono omuhle! (vk.com/geophagus - ama-geophagus amahle kakhulu ezweni alapha!)
Futhi ekudleni kwalezi zinhlanzi e-aquarium kufanele kube ne-zucchini, ukhukhamba neminye imifino "eminyene" ozokwazi ukuyondla ngayo. Futhi lapho ukwehluka kwazo, kuzothinta kangcono izinga lokukhula nempilo yesilwane sakho.
Futhi bayakujabulela ukugcoba amathebulethi "ekatfish" akhethekile enziwe nge-pure spirulina noma i-spirulina equkethe ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu.
Manje ake sikhulume ngokuxhumana nokuhlala kwePanaki e-aquarium. Empeleni akukho lutho lokukhuluma ngalo, inhlanzi ingeyokuqala kabi.
Sonke isikhathi sakhe sokuphumula uzohlola wonke amakhona empande ye-driftwood ayinikeziwe, ngezikhathi ezithile edonsela imifino. Akunabudlova obuyimfihlo e-aquarium lapho kunezingqinamba eziningi futhi yonke into ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye. Kepha uma lezi zindawo zingekho, i-panak enkulu ingaluma noma izame ukuluma encane.
Ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene yini nobulili bezinhlanzi noma cha akucaci, kodwa izehlakalo ezinjalo sezibonwe. Akuyona indawo enkulu. Umkhawulo ongalindelwa uthinta isifonyo eceleni komakhelwane wenye inhlobo, ongathandi nhlobo i-catfish, futhi i-catfish, njengomthetho, ayinandaba nomakhelwane abavela kukholamu lamanzi. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-aquariums, ngokwazi kwami, akubonwanga.
Ake siqale nge-morphology. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uhlobo lwePanaque lubandakanya izinhlobo eziyi-14, ezihlukaniswa indawo yokuhlala, i-geometry nephethini yomzimba:
- I-L027, iPanaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, i-Thunder Royal Pleco)
- I-L090, iPanaque bathyphilus (iPapa Panaque)
- I-Panaque cf. i-armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (iRio Araguaia Royal Pleco, iTeles Pires Royal Pleco)
- L027 Panaque cf. armbrusteri`tocantins` (IPlatinum Royal Pleco Tocantins Royal Pleco)
- L027, L027A Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
- I-Panaque cf. cochliodon "magdalena engenhla" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- L330, iPanaque cf. i-nigrolineatus (i-Watermelon Pleco)
- I-Panaque cochliodon (i-Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- I-L190, iPanaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- I-L203, iPanaque schaeferi (LDA065, iTitanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Germany), Volkswagen Pleco)
- I-Panaque sp. (1)
- I-L191, iPanaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- IPanaque suttonorum Schultz, ngo-1944 (iVenezuela Blue Eye Panaque)
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Ukwenza kube lula ngathi ukuqonda, ngizohlukanisa lezi zinhlobo eziyi-14 ngamaqembu anemibandela adalwe kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo, ukuze kuthi ngemuva kokuzichaza, kungabi khona imibuzo ngomehluko wazo.
Iqembu lokuqala - "i-panaki emthende". Sifaka:
- I-L027, iPanaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, i-Thunder Royal Pleco)
- I-Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
- I-L190, iPanaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- I-L203, iPanaque schaeferi (LDA065, iTitanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Germany), Volkswagen Pleco)
- I-L191, iPanaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Iqembu lesibili "amaphuzu". Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-L090, iPanaque bathyphilus (iPapa Panaque)
- L330, iPanaque cf. i-nigrolineatus (i-Watermelon Pleco)
- I-Panaque sp. (1)
Owesithathu futhi, mhlawumbe, iqembu elihle kakhulu - "IPanaki enamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka". Ukuthi kungani bahlala bengenayo inombolo namanje akungicaci, kepha lapho nje ngithola, uzoba owokuqala ukwazi ngakho!
- I-Panaque cf. cochliodon "magdalena engenhla" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- I-Panaque cochliodon (i-Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- IPanaque suttonorum Schultz, ngo-1944 (iVenezuela Blue Eye Panaque)
Ngokuhlukaniswa nokufakwa kwayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani sekuphelile. Manje ake siqhubekele kokunzima kakhulu kimi futhi okuwusizo kakhulu kuwe. Ake sibone ukuthi yini umehluko phakathi kwePanaki ngaphakathi kwamaqembu anemibandela engiwabonile.
Ake siqale ekugcineni. Ngakho-ke,
"IPanaki enamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- I-Panaque cf. cochliodon "magdalena ephezulu" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- I-Panaque cochliodon (i-Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- IPanaque suttonorum Schultz, ngo-1944 (iVenezuela Blue Eye Panaque)
- I-Panaque cochliodon, noma okungenani ama-morphs ayo amabili, yizakhamizi zomdabu zaseColombia, okungukuthi, zihlala ezindaweni ezingenhla zeRío Magdalena (iRio Magdalena) futhi ngokunembile eRio Cauca (Cauca River).
Kepha iPanaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco) isabalalele eMfuleni iRio Catatumbo (uMfula iCatatumbo). Yize kubonakala kimi, ngokunokwenzeka bekuyindlela enye ezungezile (kusuka eCatatumbo kuya eCauca)
Yini umehluko? Futhi umehluko, ngeshwa, awabonakali kangako.
I-Panaque cf. i-cochliodon "upper magdalena" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco) kuzoba inombolo 1 (yokuqala) kuthi iPanaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco) ibe yesibili.
Izici ezijwayelekile, njengoba igama liphakamisa, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi, lezi zinhlanzi zinosayizi ofanayo cishe ongamasentimitha angama-30.
Amaphiko amakhulu we-pectoral anezinsipho ezitholakala esikhunjeni. Umsebenzi wabo ukuvikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye futhi kuyadingeka ukuze i-catfish iqonde lapho ingakhuphuka khona nalapho ingakwazi khona.
Abanalo ulwazi ngokuzimisela kocansi. Kepha ngizozama ngeshwa ukwesabisa ukuthi okokuhlonza okuyinhloko kungaba yimisebe eyedlulele yomkhawulo we-caudal, owakha "ama-braids", okungukuthi, akhula aqine kakhulu kunamanye.
Kepha abakhule kakhulu kuye akucaci; Ngingazama ukuphakamisa ukuthi kwabesilisa (ngokufanisa ne-cacti).
Ake sibuyele ebhizinisini. Umehluko wokuqala wohlobo lokuqala kusuka kolwesibili olugqamile ukwakheka komzimba.
Owokuqala unwebeke kakhulu, ohlotshaniswa nokuhlala kumanje osheshayo.
Umehluko wesibili yimigogodla ye-dorsal fin. Bobabili banezi-8, okuwuphawu lokuthi bangabohlobo loPanaque, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Kuzo zombili, izinhlayiya zihlanganiswa kancane ngasesiphethweni sokuphela.
Imisebe emaphakathi inamagatsha amaningi. Ngakho-ke, kowokuqala, imisebe esuka ku-3 kuye ku-6 ebandakanya wonke umuntu iqala ukuqhekeza cishe phakathi nendawo, kowesibili kusondele engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla ye-fin. Futhi, ungakhohlwa mayelana ne-dorsal fin yesibili, emelwe ngumgogodla ohlukile.
Kokuqala, itholakala eduze kakhulu ne-dorsal (dorsal fin) futhi ngeminyaka cishe iyahlangana nayo, yakha konke okukodwa. Kowesibili, isondele ngomsila.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umehluko phakathi kwale catfish awucaci kangako, le ndatshana izolungiswa, futhi uma ngibheka enye into, nakanjani ngizokwenza izinguquko.
Ngingakhohlwa kanjani ngePanaque suttonorum Schultz, ngo-1944 (iVenezuela Blue Eye Panaque)? Akunakwenzeka. Ake siqale.
Lesi silwane esisebenza kanzima sihlala emanzini asheshayo futhi anodaka eRio Negro kanye nemifula yawo engaphansi kweRio Yasa (Yasa), kanye nasemgodini waseMaracaibo. Ngokuvamile, inkosi yamanzi aseVenezuela.
Okuwukuphela kokuqaphelekayo, ngokombono wami, umehluko obonakalayo ovela ezinhlotsheni ezichazwe ngaphambili umphetho omkhulu kakhulu we-caudal onenani elikhulu lemisebe yamagatsha, ingaphandle layo elenza "ama-braids".
Ungangeza futhi - ukuphuma kwesikali. Uma kumaqabane angaphambilini izikali zazinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owashintsha ngokuguga, khona-ke kulokhu izikali ziyancipha kusuka kumathoni amnyama kuya ansundu nabe beige.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukubuka kufana kabuhlungu nokwedlule, ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka okuthile okuncane ku-geometry yomzimba okungabonakali kangako ngaphandle kokuba phambi kwakho abantu bazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu.
Nge "Blue Eyes" kuyacaca ukuthi akukho okucacile. Qhubeka -
"Amaphuzu"
Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi leli qembu elinemibandela ngokuphelele lifaka izinhlobo ezi-3 kuphela, okungukuthi:
- I-L090, iPanaque bathyphilus (iPapa Panaque)
- L330, iPanaque cf. (1)
I-L090, iPanaque bathyphilus (iPapa Panaque) yehluke kakhulu kunalezi zakamuva, cishe izinhlobo ezifanayo ngokuphelele. Le catfish yobukhulu obumangazayo (kufika ku-40 cm) ihlala eBrazil, eMfuleni i-Amazon kanye nemifula yayo emibili: ISolimões River nePurus River (ixhumanisa ebalazweni 3 ° 39'52 "S, 61 ° 28'53" W)
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, lapho ngibheka le catfish okokuqala ngqa, okuwukuphela komcabango owawuzungeza ekhanda lami kwakuyinto efana nokuthi “Ingabe le Fry L600? Noma uL025? "
Kwakunje ngaze ngabukisisa ubuso, kwase kuba sobala impela ukuthi yiPanak. Esinye isici esivelele salolu hlobo, ngaphezu kokufana okumangazayo ne-cacti, ubukhulu bomzimba obunobunkunkqele kuyo yonke iPanaki.
Ikhanda lincane, umzimba mncane (uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo) futhi impela ufana nommeleli wohlobo lwePseudacanthicus ne-Acanthicus.
Kepha ukufana akugcini lapho! Ezinhlangothini zale catfish kunemigqa eminingana yameva, engafani neze nePanaki njengoba kuyisici sesigaba sesibili esishiwo ngenhla.
Ngokuvamile, uma bengingatshelwa ukuthi lolu uhlobo lwesikhashana phakathi kwale mindeni emibili, lesi sitatimende besingabuzwa. I-cactus echithekile, eyayingenakho okwanele, yawela ezansi komfula yaqala yadla izihlahla ngenxa yendlala.
Kodwa-ke, ekuziphatheni nasekudlaleni, lokhu kuyiPanaque ejwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, ngeke ngimqhathanise namanye amaPanaki. Ngemuva kokubona ameva nobukhulu, uzokuqonda ngokushesha ukuthi sikhuluma ngoBaba kaRod Panazhy.
Manje sifika emibonweni emibili efanayo, evame ukudideka noma umane ungaboni mehluko omkhulu:
L330, iPanaque cf. i-nigrolineatus (i-Watermelon Pleco) (ngemuva kwalokhu obizwa ngokuthi owokuqala)
I-Panaque sp. (1) (ngemuva kwalokhu obizwa ngokuthi owesibili)
Ukukhomba uhlobo lwesilwane lapho kunokungabaza phakathi kwalaba bobabili kuzoba yiphupho elibi ku-aquarist onakile! Ukuphela kwento engifuna ukuyiphawula ukuthi iPanaque sp iyivelakancane ngendlela exakile, futhi munye kuphela umuntu osePlanet Catfish ongumnikazi wale catfish, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi une-L330.
Ebusheni, umehluko ubonakala kakhulu noma kancane. Kuzo zombili izinhlanzi ze-catfish, umbala umelwe yiqoqo eliphelele lomumo oyindilinga nowokusaqanda ngenani elincane lemivimbo ye-pigment engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda nomzimba wenhlanzi.
Umehluko phakathi kwentsha ulele ekutheni owokuqala unezindilinga eziningi kakhulu zobubanzi obuncane emzimbeni wonke, owesibili unemibuthano embalwa, kepha mikhulu kakhulu.
I-L330 inemivimbo emincane ezungeze amehlo, kanti iPanaque sp 1 ayishintshi iphethini ezungeze amehlo; kukhona nemibuthano emikhulu, kanye nasemzimbeni wonke. Yilokho kuphela, yilapho umehluko uphela khona kwentsha!
Ezinhlanzi ezindala, inkomba ubukhulu - i-330th inkulu kakhulu kuneyesibili. Ngokukhula, ilahlekelwa umbala wayo futhi iba yinto ejwayelekile kuma-panakas amakhulu ompunga noma ombala omnyama, kuyilapho i-catfish yesibili igcina umbala ohlukahlukene phakathi nayo yonke impilo yayo.
Futhi ekugcineni, iqembu lokugcina
"I-panaki emthende"
- I-L027, iPanaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, i-Thunder Royal Pleco)
- I-Panaque cf. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Leli qembu elinemibandela liqukethe inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinto eziphilayo. Ukwenza kube lula ngathi ukuqonda, ngizokwethula amaqenjana ama-2. Umsebenzi wethu omkhulu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalesi sihloko kuzoba ukufunda ukuhlukanisa ngqo iqembu elilodwa kwesinye, futhi izincazelo ezinemininingwane eminingi ngohlobo ngalunye zizoshicilelwa kwesinye isihloko, uma uxhasa lo J.
1) Iqembu lokuqala lifaka iPanaque armbrusteri nawo wonke ama-morphs alo (ngemuva kwalokhu abizwa ngePanak Armbruster (igama le-morph, river) noma elokuqala.
2) Iqembu lesibili lifaka wonke amanye "ama-panaki amthende" futhi azobizwa ngokuthi "abanye" noma "owesibili", kepha okuyinhloko, ngenxa yokuthandwa kwabo, kuzoba yi-L190 ne-L191.
Iqembu lokuqala lifaka phakathi:
- I-L027, iPanaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, i-Thunder Royal Pleco)
- I-Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
Iqembu lesibili ifaka phakathi:
- I-L190, iPanaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- I-L203, iPanaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Germany), Volkswagen Pleco)
- I-L191, iPanaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Ake siqale ngeqembu elincane lokuqala. Into yokuqala eheha iso lakho, ubheke igama, ukungabikho kwenombolo engu-L027 ye-Armbruster eRio Araguaya. Ukuthi lokhu kuxhunyaniswe nani akucaci kimi, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi ososayensi abakhulu bazongixolela uma ngimnika inombolo efanayo.
Ngokuya nge-geometry yomzimba nokwakheka kokugcina, lezi zinhlanzi zifana ngokwedlulele, kunokwehluka okuncane ngokuya kokuphakama komzimba noma ngaphezulu kokuphakama "kokwehla" kogebhezi, kodwa ngikholwe, ngeke ukubone lokhu, ngaphandle kokuthi wonke ama-morphs amane wamashumi amabili nesikhombisa entanta phambi kwekhala lakho. Futhi uma benza kanjalo, ngicabanga ukuthi awudingi nakancane i-athikili yami.
Ake siqhubekele encazelweni ejwayelekile yezinhlobo. Wonke la ma-morph acishe afane nosayizi ofanayo (akhule abe ngamasentimitha angaba ngu-40), abe nesilinganiso esifanayo sobukhulu bekhanda elikhulu emzimbeni nasemaphikweni afanayo, nokuqhekeka kwemisebe yawo. Ukuphela kwento ezosisiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwama-morphs umbala wawo.
Kwehluka kakhulu kunakho konke okunye okuthosiwe nasesigabeni sokuphila sabantu abadala, ohlala emanzini asheshayo oMfula i-Araguia Panaque cf. armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (iRio Araguaia Royal Pleco, iTeles Pires Royal Pleco).
Imigqa ebushelelezi yombala wekhabe elimnyama imboza wonke umzimba wayo kusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Umbala omkhulu umnyama. Umphetho wesibili wasemuva, omelwe yindinganiso yohlobo "lwehhuku" lomgogodla owodwa, useduze kakhulu ne-dorsal fin eyinhloko futhi wenza wonke nayo ngeminyaka.
Lo mgogodla kufanele uphathwe ngenhlonipho enkulu: lapho ukhomba uhlobo oluthile, akufanele ungakunaki ukubaluleka kwalo! Uyasisindisa nakulesi sikhathi!
Nanku umehluko omkhulu phakathi kuka-L027 no-Xingu (L027, L027А Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco) kuwo wonke amanye amashumi amabili nesikhombisa!
Kuyo, i-dorsal fin yesibili itholakala kude kakhulu ne-dorsal, okungukuthi, isondele kakhulu kunomphetho we-caudal, kuyilapho kuzo zonke ezinye iPanaki No. 27 icishe ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ne-caudal fin.
Ngokusobala, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanzi aseXingu ashesha kakhulu kunamanzi eminye imifula yase-Amazon, lapho kuhlala khona iqembu elincane elichaziwe. Futhi le fin isebenza njengohlobo lokuzinza komzimba lapho ihamba okwamanje.
Manje sesithole nawe izici ezihlukile zePanaque cf. armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (iRio Araguaia Royal Pleco, Teles Pires Royal Pleco) kanye ne-L027, L027А Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco).
Owokuqala unombala wamakhabe owehlukile, owesibili unomphetho wesibili wokugwedla kude ukusuka kokukhulu kunabo bonke (ngikholwe, lokhu kuyabonakala).
Kuhlala ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-L027 Panaque cf. armbrusteri`tocantins` (Platinum Royal Pleco Tocantins Royal Pleco) kanye no-L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
Indlela elula yokuthola umehluko phakathi kwabakhileyo eTocanis naseTapayos esigabeni sezingane. Owokuqala othosiwe cishe unawo wonke umzimba wombala omhlophe-we-olive-beige, lapho kunemigqa embalwa egobile.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isihlobo sakhe esivela eTapayos sigcwele ngokuphelele imigqa emhlophe qwa emzimbeni omnyama. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, iphethini yabo icishe ifane, kodwa ama-braids esici avela emsileni eTokansis, kuyilapho ku-L027, iPanaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco), imisebe ye-caudal fin cishe ayihlukaniswa ngobude nobubanzi. Ngethemba ukuthi, ngama-27, konke kusulwe okungenani kancane!
Futhi manje kusasele ukuthi sithole ukuthi u-190 uhluke kanjani ku-191, no-203 kusuka ku-418, kanye nawo wonke lawa maqembu avela eqenjini elingu-27 elichazwe ngenhla.
Ake siqale:
- I-L190, iPanaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- I-L203, iPanaque schaeferi (LDA065, iTitanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Germany), Volkswagen Pleco)
- I-L191, iPanaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Okuvame kakhulu ezweni lethu yizinhlobo ezimbili, ezinenombolo engu-191 no-190, futhi sizoqala ngazo. Esikhathini sobusha, kunzima kakhulu ukubadida kunokukhomba bona. 191 IPanak inomsila omhlophe oyisici, kuyilapho i-190 inomsila omnyama futhi kuphela onqenqemeni inomthunzi okhanyayo; kepha kungaba mhlophe, lapho-ke udinga ukunaka indawo emhlophe.
Iqiniso ukuthi ngo-191 umbala omhlophe usuka emaphethelweni uye phansi, futhi ukuqala komkhawulo we-caudal kuhlala kumnyama, ngo-190 kuphambene ngqo. Isisekelo ngokuvamile simhlophe futhi ukuhlelwa kumnyama.
Esinye isici esihlaba umxhwele ngumbala wonke we-catfish: uma i-191 imnyama kakhulu kunokukhanya, isihlobo sayo siphikisana ngqo.
Naka ngokukhethekile iphethini ezungeze amehlo e-catfish! Uma ngo-190 imivimbo icishe idlule iso ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, khona-ke ngo-191 cishe ayikho imivimbo ezungeze amehlo, njengomthetho, noma bayigoba bazungeze bakhe indawo ekhanyayo ngqo eceleni koqwembe lwamehlo.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukunaka imivimbo eseduze ne-caudal fin: ngo-190, imivimbo iyahlangana noma ihambe ngokwehlukana, kepha ihlale ilayini oqondile cishe kuyo yonke imisebe yomsila, ngo-191 imivimbo ikhubazekile yaba iphethini lezibalo ezimise okweqanda.
Lapho i-catfish ikhula, konke kuba lula kakhulu. Imivimbo ngo-191 iya ngokuya iphela futhi iphenduke amachashazi, noma umzimba uba umbala omnyama ofanayo we-panazh, ngo-190 imivimbo iyabonakala kuyo yonke impilo, futhi ngokuya kweminyaka ayibonakali kangako.
Umsila we-190 mkhulu kakhulu, uswele imigqa yezinsipho ezincane eduze nomsila, kuyilapho isihlobo salo sinalezi zihosha.
Futhi ekugcineni:
- I-L418, i-Panaque titan (iShampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
- I-L203, iPanaque schaeferi (LDA065, iTitanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Germany), Volkswagen Pleco)
Umehluko omkhulu ezinhlanzini ezindala ngosayizi. Ngesizathu esithile, i-catfish enegama eliqhoshayo elithi Titan (418) ikhula ize ifike ku-39cm kuphela, okuyisibalo esiphansi kunazo zonke phakathi kohlobo lonke, kuyilapho ama-203 ekhula aze afike kumasentimitha angama-60!
Esigabeni sentsha-yobusha, uShaferi unama-braids ahlaba umxhwele onqenqemeni lwe-caudal, kanti i-418 ayinayo.
Kamuva, ama-braids rudiment (kungasho ngokunembile ukusho ukuthi ayakhula, eminye imisebe ayibonakali kangako), futhi umsila uba mkhulu ngokwedlulele futhi usakazeke, kanti umsila weTitan uhlanzekile futhi unesizotha.
Akukho mehluko kumbala we-GAMMA, amaphethini afana kabuhlungu esigabeni sezingane nentsha. Ukuphela kwento elahlwayo engu-203 umbala ohlukile, iba umbala ofanayo (umbala ungahluka kusuka kumpunga omnyama kuye ku-beige okhanyayo).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iTitanium, ihlala impunga ngemuva ngephethini elincane emngceleni wamapuleti ngendlela yemivimbo emnyama edabukile, inamadevu aqinile aqinile ezinhlangothini zemihlathi.
Fuuh, kulungile, indaba yami isiphelile. Lesi yisampula sokuqala kuphela sale ndatshana, sizokwengezwa ngokuzayo.
Izolungisa ukunganembi futhi yethule izincazelo ezinemininingwane eminingi yezinhlobo zokuqhathaniswa kwazo. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, uma unemibuzo, babuze kuma-arias lapho le ndatshana ilenga khona.
Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uma uyithandile, ungakhohlwa ukutshela abangane bakho ngayo kumanethiwekhi omphakathi! Siyabonga ngokunaka kwakho, sibonane futhi)
U-Alexander Novikov, umphathi http://vk.com/club108594153 naku-http: //vk.com/aquabiotopru
