ICanada isengxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika futhi inqamula iPacific Ocean entshonalanga, i-Atlantic Ocean empumalanga, ne-Arctic Ocean enyakatho. Umakhelwane wayo eningizimu yi-United States of America. Njengoba inendawo ephelele eyi-9,984,670 km2, iyizwe lesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi inezakhamizi ezingama-34,300,083 kusukela ngoJulayi 2011. Isimo sezulu saleli zwe sisukela e-sub-arctic nase-arctic esenyakatho siye eningizimu.
Imithombo yemvelo yaseCanada icebile futhi yehlukahlukene. I-Nickel, i-iron ore, igolide, isiliva, idayimane, amalahle, uwoyela nokunye okuningi kumbiwe lapha.
Ukubuka konke kwemithombo
ICanada icebile ngemithombo yamaminerali kanti imboni yezimbiwa yaseCanada ingenye yezimboni eziyinhloko emhlabeni. Umkhakha wezimayini waseCanada uheha cishe u- $ 20 billion wokutshala imali minyaka yonke. Ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yemvelo nowoyela, imikhiqizo yamalahle nophethiloli kulinganiselwa ku- $ 41.5 billion ngo-2010. Cishe i-21% yenani lokuthengiswa okuthengiswayo laseCanada liphuma kumaminerali. Eminyakeni eminingana edlule, iCanada ibiyindawo ephambili yokutshalwa kwezimali kokuhlola.
Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwemithombo yomhlaba, eCanada:
- Umkhiqizi wepotash ohamba phambili emhlabeni.
- Umkhiqizi wesibili ngobukhulu we-uranium.
- Umkhiqizi kawoyela wesithathu ngobukhulu.
- Umkhiqizi wesihlanu omkhulu we-aluminium, umvukuzi wamadayimane, amatshe ayigugu, i-nickel ore, i-cobalt ore, i-zinc, i-indium elicwengiweyo, i-platinum group ore yensimbi nesibabule.
Izinsimbi
Izinqolobane eziyinsimbi eziyinhloko zaseCanada zisatshalaliswa ezweni lonke. Kepha izinqolobane eziyinhloko zigxile ezintabeni zaseRocky nasezifundeni ezisogwini. Amadijithi amancane ezinsimbi angatholakala eQuebec, eBritish Columbia, e-Ontario, eManitoba naseNew Brunswick. I-indium, i-tin, i-antimony, i-nickel ne-tungsten kumbiwe lapha.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu be-aluminium ne-iron ore batholakala eMontreal. Iningi lokuhlola kwe-molybdenum eCanada kwenzeke eBritish Columbia. Ngo-2010, iGibraltar Mines Ltd. kukhulise ukukhiqizwa kwe-molybdenum ngama-50% (cishe amathani angama-427) ngokuqhathaniswa nango-2009. Amaphrojekthi amaningi wokuhlola we-indium ne-tin aqhubeka kusukela ngo-2010. Abavukuzi baseTungsten baphinde baqala ukusebenza ezimayini ngo-2009 lapho ukufunwa kwensimbi kukhuphukile kanye namanani anyukayo.
Amaminerali ezimboni namatshe ayigugu
Ukukhiqizwa kwedayimane eCanada ngo-2010 kwafinyelela kuma-carats ayizinkulungwane eziyi-11,773. Ngo-2009, imayini yase-Ekati yahlinzeka ngama-39% kuko konke ukukhiqizwa kwedayimane eCanada kanye no-3% wokukhiqizwa kwedayimane okuphelele emhlabeni. Izifundo eziningana zokuqala zedayimane ziyaqhubeka esifundeni saseNyakatho-ntshonalanga. Lezi yizindawo zase-Ontario, Alberta, British Columbia, Nunavut Territory, Quebec naseSaskatchewan. Ngokufanayo, kwenziwa ucwaningo lwezimayini ze-lithium kulezi zifunda.
Izifundo nokuhlolwa kweFluorspar kwenziwa ezindaweni eziningi.
Isiziba somfula iMacArthur River eSaskatchewan yidiphozi enkulu kunazo zonke futhi ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ekhiqizwa minyaka yonke cishe ngamathani ayi-8,200.
Amafutha ezimbiwa phansi
Ukusukela ngo-2010, imithombo yegesi yemvelo yaseCanada ibingama-1,750 billion m3 kanti izinqolobane zamalahle, kufaka phakathi i-anthracite, i-bituminous ne-lignite, bekungamathani ayi-6,578,000. Izinqolobane zebitume ze-Alberta zingafinyelela emiphongolweni eyi-2.5 trillion.
Izimbali nezilwane
Uma sikhuluma ngemithombo yemvelo yaseCanada, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ingasaphathwa eyezitshalo nezilwane, ngoba imboni yezinkuni, ngokwesibonelo, ayiyona eyokugcina emnothweni wezwe.
Futhi-ke, uhhafu wensimu yezwe umbozwe ngamahlathi abolile ezinhlobo eziyigugu nezinhle kakhulu: iDouglas, i-larch, i-spruce, i-balsam fir, i-oki, i-poplar, i-birch kanye ne-maple. I-underbrush igcwele izihlahla ezinamajikijolo amaningi - amajikijolo, amajikijolo, amajikijolo nabanye.
I-tundra isiphenduke indawo yokuhlala yamabhere we-polar, i-reindeer ne-tundra wolf. Ehlathini lasendle le-taiga, kunezinyamazane eziningi, izingulube zasendle, amabhere ansundu, izingulube, izingwejeje nezimbila.
Izilwane ezithwala uboya zibaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini, kufaka phakathi i-fox, i-arctic fox, i-squirrel, i-mink, i-marten ne-hare.
