Wonke umuntu oqala ukuzibandakanya ku-aquaristics, futhi, mhlawumbe, ama-aquarists asevele enolwazi akayeki ukumangala ngokuguquguquka nokungajwayelekile kwezakhamuzi ezikhona zamanzi. Imvamisa, lapho bebona i-aquarium eyodwa, abaningi bayibheka ngenjabulo, bakhohlwa cishe konke okusemhlabeni. Futhi lokhu akumangazi nakancane, uhlaza olungajwayelekile oluntengantenga lusuka emifuleni eyehlayo neyenyukayo, inhlanzi ekhanyayo yazo zonke izinhlobo zosayizi nemibala ngokushesha iheha iso lomuntu ovamile emgwaqweni. Kepha kukhona phakathi kwabo okuthi, ngokungajwayelekile kwabo, bangaheha ukunakwa kwanoma yiziphi izivakashi isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zifaka i-catfish eshintshashintshayo yomumo engenakuqhathaniswa, okuzoxoxwa ngayo esihlokweni sanamuhla.
Ukuphila emvelweni
Enye yezinto ezihlukanisayo zalezi zinhlanzi zase-aquarium yikhono labo elihlukile lokubhukuda ubheke phansi. Lapho uqala ukubona lezi zinhlanzi, ungacabanga ukuthi kukhona okwenzekile kubo, kodwa ungacabanga kanjalo uze ubazi kangcono.
Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-synodontis catfish ingabameleli bomndeni wakwaMochokidae, i-oda le-Siluriformes. Ungahlangana nabo ngokuya osebeni lwemifula etholakala eCameroon naseCongo. Kepha nalapha kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu, ngoba ithuba lokuhlangana nalezi zinhlanzi liphakeme kakhulu kunezindawo lapho kunqwabelana khona uhlaza oluminyene. Enye yalezi zindawo kungabangelwa amanzi aseMalebo asemuva noma imifula yoMfula iLechini, owaziwa ngokusobala kwawo nangomthunzi wetiye.
Incazelo
Okokuqala, lezi zinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngesakhiwo sazo sezinyo nombala wombala wesisu. Futhi lona kanye igama lohlobo "iSinodontis" nezinhlobo "ze-nigriventris" kukuqinisekisa lokhu kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi, lapho umbala wangemuva umnyama ngaphezudlwana kwesisu (lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvikela izinhlanzi ezinolaka noma izinyoni), i-shifter catfish inesisu esimnyama nombala omncane okhanyayo ngemuva. Lesi yisici sabo esihlukile futhi savela eqinisweni lokuthi bachitha cishe i-90% yesikhathi sabo samahhala bebhukuda endaweni engaguquki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unikezwa iqiniso lokuthi i-synodontis eshintsha isimo icosha ukudla cishe ngaphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu kuye ukuthi abuke okwenzekayo ezindaweni ezijulile zamanzi. Yingakho lesi sikhundla somzimba sisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso elihehayo ukuthi ekubeni echibini lokufakelwa, kuvame ukutholakala nesisu salo cishe siseduze nodonga.
I-Changeling catfish inesimo somzimba esivulekile futhi esicwecwe kamuva, esicabalele ezinhlangothini. Ekhanda labo, nabo, banamehlo amaningi ngezintshebe ezi-3 ezenza umsebenzi othintekayo, ovumela lezi zinhlanzi zasemanzini ukuba zihambe kahle emkhathini. Umlomo walezi zinhlanzi utholakala uphansi ngandlela thile, okuzivumela ukuba zikwazi ukudla, kokubili emanzini nangaphansi.
Ngokuqondene nesikhumba, sinamapuleti esikhumba ngokuphelele, ngokwesiko ezinhlanzini eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngemfihlo ekhethekile yama-mucous. Ukuze kuvikelwe, abamele lolu hlobo banamaphiko ama-spiny atholakala emuva nangemuva nasesifubeni. Umdlandla we-caudal wona uhlukaniswe ngokusobala waba ama-lobes ama-2 ane-fin enkulu ye-adipose.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuqaleni lesi sikhundla somzimba wale nhlanzi sabangela izingxoxo ezinzima phakathi kososayensi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke iningi labo belizinikele ngqo ezindabeni zokulawulwa komzimba wabo esikhaleni. Ngokusho komunye wabo, indlela engajwayelekile enjalo yokunyakaza yatholakala kubo ngenxa yesakhiwo esingavamile sesinye sokubhukuda. Futhi, ngemuva kocwaningo oluningi, kwatholakala ukuthi lokhu akuphazamisi nakancane ukusebenza kwabo ngokomzimba kanye nokuziphatha.
Okuqukethwe
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-synodontis catfish inokuziphatha okunokuthula. Usayizi wayo omkhulu ngu-90 mm kuphela, okuvumela ukuthi ibekwe ezinqolobaneni ezahlukahlukene zokufakelwa zezinhlobo eziningi, kepha okungcono komakhelwane abanomlingiswa ofanayo.
Kungcono ukukuqukatha ezitsheni, umthamo omncane ubuncane bawo ungamalitha angama-80. Okuhlukile kungenziwa kuphela uma kuhlelwe ukubeka umuntu oyedwa kuphela e-aquarium, kepha lokhu kugcwele imiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zikhetha ukuhlala emihlambini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapharamitha afanele wokuqukethwe kwawo afaka:
- Izinga lokushisa kwemvelo yasemanzini lingama-24-28 degrees.
- Ubulukhuni 5-20 dh.
- Ubukhona bezimila.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abamele lezi zinhlobo abadingi kakhulu ukunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okubukhoma, okomile noma okubandayo kungasetshenziswa njengokudla kwabo. Futhi, ukudla kwezitshalo kungasetshenziswa njengokugqoka okuphezulu okuncane. Isibonelo, ukhukhamba oluhlaza noma uphizi.
Khumbula ukuthi amashifu anamandla kakhulu futhi ahamba kancane kunezinhlanzi eziningi, okwenza kube nzima kubo ukuthola ukudla.
Ukuhambisana
Ngokwemvelo enokuthula, i-catfish eshintshashintshayo ngokuma kalula izwana cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye, bangaba nolaka impela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ama-switch-shifters awathinti omakhelwane abahlala ezingqimbeni zamanzi eziphakathi nendawo nangaphezulu. Ngokuqondene nokudla kwezinhlanzi eduze kwangaphansi (imvamisa lokhu kungamaphaseji nama-ototsinkluses), angaba izisulu ezingaba khona ze-catfish.
Omakhelwane abafaneleke kakhulu balezi zinhlanzi zifaka:
- Ama-cichlids amancane
- Ama-tetra ase-Afrika;
- amaMicir cichlids amancane.
Futhi bayezwana kahle. Kepha lapha kufanele uqaphele, ngoba uma unesitebhisi esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, isihlobo esincanyana nesibuthakathaka singahle sihlaselwe kaningi ngabafowabo. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuqala izimpawu ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuthatha izinyathelo ezithile, kuze kufike ukufakelwa kwesinye isitsha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzobe kungadingekile ukubeka ama-snags amaningi e-aquarium, ezoba yindawo yokukhosela enhle ye-catfish ephendukile. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi lapho besondela esihlahleni, bangawushintsha umbala wabo ube mnyama, bese kuba okungaqondakali kahle ngokhuni.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Yize okuqukethwe kwabo kungagcwele ubunzima obukhulu, kepha maqondana nokuzala kwabo, kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu lapha. Emvelweni wazo wemvelo ngesikhathi sokuzala, zifudukela emahlathini agcwele amanzi ngesikhathi semvula. Kukhona umbono wokuthi kungaphansi kwethonya lezinguquko ezimweni zezulu lapho kukhiqizwa khona ukuzala. Ngakho-ke, njengesikhuthazi, abanye abasemanzini abanolwazi batusa ukusebenzisa ushintsho lwamanzi ngasikhathi sinye njengamanzi abandayo.
Okunye okuphikisana kakhulu yisitatimende sokuthi ukuzala kwenzeka ekucasukeni kwesisekelo noma imigodi, okulungiswa yizinhlanzi uqobo.
Isibalo esiphezulu samaqanda owesifazane akwazi ukuwabekela kuyaqabukela sidlula ama-450. Amafry yokuqala avela vele ngosuku lwesi-4. Ekuqaleni, izilwane ezincane zibhukuda ngendlela ejwayelekile yezinhlanzi, kepha ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-7-5 ziqala ukujika. I-Artemia kanye ne-microworms kusetshenziswa kangcono njengokudla kwe-catfish encane.
Futhi, ngokocwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe ososayensi baseMelika, imijovo yamahomoni isetshenziswa kangcono njengesiqalo esidala kulezi zinhlanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, isidoda namaqanda kufanele kukhishwe kukhishwe amaqanda, kulandelwe ukufakwa kwawo.
Izifo
Yize abamele lolu hlobo bezinhlanzi eziqinile, basengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene, yize kungenjalo kaningi njengabanye. Iphinde ikujabulise ukutholakala kwayo ezifweni, lapho ezinye izinhlanzi ezishisayo zitholakala kalula khona.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela izinga lokuhlungwa kwe-nitrate echibini lokufakelwa, ukwanda okungeke nje kube nzima kakhulu ukuma kwalezi zinhlanzi esikhaleni, kepha kuzophazamisa nomsoco wazo. Ngakho-ke, izinga labo elilungile akufanele leqe ama-20 mln-1.
Njengenqubo yokuvimbela ehlose ukwehlisa ngisho namathuba amancane okuba nezifo ezingaba khona kulezi zinhlanzi, kunconywa ukuthi ubanikeze indawo yokuhlala enethezekile futhi balinganise ukudla.
