Inyoka yesibankwa (iMalpolon monspessulanus) ingeye-squamous oda.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyoka yesibankwa.
Inyoka yesibankwa inobude bomzimba obufinyelela kumamitha amabili, ingxenye yesithathu iwela emsileni. Inhloko ephezulu ihlukaniswa yindawo e-concave futhi idlule kahle emzimbeni. Ingaphambili lekhanda kusuka emakhaleni kuya kwamehlo likhonjisiwe futhi laphakanyiswa kancane. Amehlo makhulu, anomfundi oqondile. Zivuka ekhanda, zinikeze inyoka ukubukeka okuhwaqele ngandlela thile. Izikali eziyi-17 noma eziyi-19 ezinemigqa zihamba ngokugudla umzimba.
Umzimba ophezulu ungumbala womnqumo omnyama ngokumpunga onsundu. Abesilisa nabesifazane bayehluka ngemibala yesikhumba. Abantu bobulili besilisa banombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onemonochromatic ngaphambili, emuva kuyimpunga. Isisu siphuzi ngokukhanyayo. Endaweni yomphimbo, izindawo zephethini ye-longitudinal zigqanyisiwe. Abesifazane banemigqa emide emakwe kahle egijima ezinhlangothini zomzimba.
Amajita anombala ogqamile futhi ohlukile, ophethwe amathoni acebile ansundu noma ansundu.
Ukusabalala kwenyoka yesibankwa.
Inyoka yesibankwa isakazeka isuka eNyakatho Afrika kanye naseningizimu yeNhlonhlo yaseBalkan. Le ndawo isukela eCiscaucasia nase-Asia Minor. Inyoka yesibankwa isakazeke kakhulu ePortugal, eSpain, ikhona enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Italy (Liguria), eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFrance. ENyakatho Afrika, isatshalaliswa eNyakatho ne-Algeria, eMorocco kanye nasezifundeni ezisogwini lwaseWestern Sahara. ERussia, inyoka yesibankwa ihlala e-Eastern Kalmykia, eDagestan, itholakala eStavropol Territory nasezindaweni eziphansi zebhange langakwesobunxele eVolga.
Indawo ehlala izinyoka.
Inyoka yesibankwa ihlala ezindaweni ezomile. Ihlala ezindaweni ezomile ezinamathafa anomhlonyane namabele. Kuhlala izingwadule ezinobumba, inhlabathi enamadwala, kanye namahlathi. Ibonakala emadlelweni asezikhukhuleni, emadlelweni, ezivinini, emasimini kakotini. Kwenzeka emahlathini anemiqhele yezihlahla eziphansi, ezindundumeni ezingasogwini, emazweni ahlwanyelwe. Ithungatha osebeni lwemisele yokunisela, iza ezingadini, ezintabeni iphakama isuka ku-1.5 iye ku-2.16 km ngaphezulu kogu lolwandle.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwenyoka yesibankwa.
Izinyoka ze-lizard zizala kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Abesilisa bathola abantu besifazane ngophawu lwe-pheromone olubonisa ukuthi izinyoka zifihla ku-substrate lapho zikhasa. Ukwenza lokhu, izinyoka zigcoba isisu ngezicubu ezivela ezingxenyeni zamakhala. Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-4, okungenani ayi-14 enqwabeni yamaqabunga noma ngaphansi kwamatshe. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ngoMeyi-Juni, amathole aqandusela ngoJulayi.
Izinyoka ezincane zinobude bomzimba obungu-22 - 31 cm futhi zinesisindo esingama-5 gram.
Ukondla inyoka yesigcilikisha.
Izinyoka zezikele ziyadla ukudla okunhlobonhlobo. Bazingela i-Orthoptera (izinkumbi, izintethe), izinyoni namagundane (izingwejeje zomhlabathi, amagundane - ama-voles). Zincamela ukudla izibankwa nezincikilike. Kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinyoka ziyagwinywa - izinyoka, izinyoka zekati. Inyoka yesibankwa ibhekana ne-steppe vip, ngoba ubuthi bayo abuyithinti. Ezimweni ezingavamile, lezi zinhlobo zinomuntu odla inyama. Inyoka yesigcilikisha izingela lapho icathamela khona, ibamba inyamazane, noma ifune futhi ilandele inyamazane. Ngasikhathi sinye, uthatha ukuma mpo, aphakamise umzimba, abuke indawo ezungezile.
Ijaha amagundane ngomlomo ovulekile, ibamba isisulu ngamazinyo aso angaphambili bese isonga isisulu ngomzuzwana owodwa. Ngale ndlela yokuzingela, amagundane amancane nezibankwa zikhubazeke ngokuphelele ngoshevu ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-1 - 2, ezilwaneni ezinkulu - amaxoxo, izinyoni, ubuthi buyenzeka ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-3 - 4. Inyoka yesigcilikisha ngokushesha igwinya inyamazane encane iphelele, bese iminyanisa amagundane amakhulu nezinyoni, icindezela imizimba ngamasongo, bese igwinya.
Izici zokuziphatha kwenyoka yesibankwa.
Inyoka yesibankwa iyisilwane esihuquzelayo sokushona futhi isebenza kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Ngentwasahlobo, izingela ikakhulukazi emini, ehlobo, lapho kuqala ukushisa, ishintshela ekusebenzeni kwelanga. Imvamisa, cishe abantu abayishumi bangatholakala ehektheleni elilodwa ezindaweni zokuhlala unomphela zale nhlobo.
Lapho impilo isongelwa, inyoka yesibankwa iyabaleka izame ukucasha endaweni yokukhosela eseduzane, emgodini we-gopher noma i-gerbil, ingena emifantwini noma ngaphansi kwamatshe. Ezindaweni ezifanayo kuphephela ekushiseni kosuku. Uma engenaso isikhathi sokucasha ngesikhathi, phimisela kakhulu, ufaka umzimba emzimbeni bese ugijimela ohlangothini kude kude nemitha eli-1. Iqhutshwe ekhoneni elifihlekile, lapho kungenakwenzeka ukubalekela khona, iphakamisa umzimba njengemfezi ukwethusa umhlaseli bese uyayishaya.
Inyoka yesibankwa iluma kabuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuzivikela, ubuthi bayo buthathwa njengobungenabuthi kakhulu, futhi inyoka uqobo lwayo ayiyona ingozi kubantu. Kunamacala angawodwa lapho izisulu zilunywa yinyoka yesibankwa, futhi nalapho ngenxa yobulima, lapho abantu abangazi lutho bezama ukufaka iminwe yabo emlonyeni wenyoka.
Isimo sokongiwa kwenyoka yesibankwa.
Inyoka yesibankwa iyinhlobo ejwayelekile. Ngisho naphakathi kwamathafa aguqulwe yimisebenzi yabantu, inani lawo livame ukuhlala lizinzile, futhi nenombolo iyakhula, ngenkathi inani lezinye izinyoka ezihlala ezimeni ezifanayo liyancipha. Lezi zinhlobo zifakiwe esigabeni se-Least Concern ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwayo okubanzi, ukubekezelela izinguquko endaweni yokuhlala, kanye nenala ephezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, inyoka yesibankwa kungenzeka inyamalale ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze ikufanele ukufakwa esigabeni esivikelwe. Kepha, njengezilwane eziningi, lolu hlobo lubhekene nezinsongo ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwezomnotho kwezindawo zokuhlala, lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu usayizi wabantu.
Encwadini Ebomvu YaseRussia (kwiSithasiselo), inyoka yesigcilikisha ikhonjiswa njengohlobo oludinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile futhi luqaphe njalo isimo sabantu. Inyoka yesibankwa nayo ibhalwe ku-Annex III we-Berne Convention. Ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe kulo lonke uhla, ivikelwe, njengezinye izilwane. Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zivame ukufa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto futhi zijahwa abalimi, abaphutha izinyoka njengezinye izinhlobo eziyingozi kubantu. Izinyoka ze-lizard zibanjwa ngabathakathi bezinyoka ukuze ziboniswe kubantu bendawo, futhi zithengiswa zomisiwe njengezikhumbuzo.
