Izinyamazane ze-Wapiti - omele umndeni ohloniphekile
Kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye zezinyamazane, futhi abamele umndeni ohloniphekile bahlala cishe emhlabeni wonke: eYurophu, eMorocco, eChina, empumalanga naseningizimu ye-Asia, e-Australia nakwezinye izindawo. Izinyamazane wapiti - igama elijwayelekile le-subspecies yalezi zilwane eNyakatho Melika.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Abantu bomdabu baseCanada naseMelika bakhetha lokho isilwane wapiti igama lesiNgisi "elk", eYurophu okusho moose. Okunye ukudideka emagameni kudalwa ukuthi usayizi omkhulu uhlukanisa izinyamazane ezibomvu nezindololwane. Kukhona amaphutha ekuhumusheni kombhalo.
Yiziphi izici wapiti? ENyakatho Melika, kuma-subspecies ayisithupha, amabili athathwa njengashabalalayo, okunye kutholakala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zase-United States nasemathafeni asenyakatho nasemahlathini aseCanada.
Zonke zihlukaniswa yizimpondo ezinkulu ezinamagatsha akha umqhele omkhulu. Umehluko wezinhlobo ezincane: izinyamazane ezinkulu zihlala eCanito Manitoba, nezincane eziseMelika eseningizimu neCalifornia. Yize "isisindo somqhele", izilwane zinomusa futhi ziyaziqhenya. Umqondo wenyamazane ebomvu ubonakala ngokubonakala kwawo okujwayelekile.
Igama lezinhlobo eChina lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ubuningi", ngakho-ke incazelo ye-vapiti kubantu sekulungisiwe isikhathi eside. Izinyamazane zazizingelwa inyama, izikhumba, izimpondo, ngakho inani lazo lehla kakhulu, izinhlobo eziningi zanyamalala ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yazo. Yize okwamanje, ukuzingelwa kwabo kungavunyelwe futhi izindawo zabo eziningi sezivikelekile namapaki, lesi silwane sibalwe kuRed Book ngenxa yosongo lokuqothulwa.
Izinyamazane ze-Wapiti ezingafika ku-1.5 metres ukuphakama, ubukhulu obulinganayo ngobude bomzimba. Ubukhulu buyakhuphuka ngenxa yezimpondo ezinesikhala esifinyelela ku-2 m nezinqubo eziningi nokugoba kwesici, isisindo saso esifinyelela ku-16 kg. Ukuchithwa kwezimpondo kwenzeka minyaka yonke ebusika, bese zikhula futhi.
Isisindo esiphelele sowesilisa omkhulu singama-300-400 kg. Insikazi inesisindo esincane futhi ayinazimpondo. Umbala wejazi uphuzi-mphuzi, uphenduka ube nsundu ngokusobala entanyeni, esiswini nasemilenzeni.
Izilwane ezisencane zinamabala, kepha ngokwakhiwa kwesilwane, uboya buthola ngisho namathoni. Izinyamazane ezibomvu zihlukaniswa "yisibuko", indawo enkulu emhlophe ephuzi ngaphansi komsila. Lokhu kusiza izilwane ukuthi zitholene ehlathini kude.
Izindawo eziyizintandokazi zezinyamazane ze-wapiti ngamahlathi asezintabeni, mancane futhi ashintshana nezigodi ezivulekile ezicebile ngamakhambi. I-step-steppe enamahlathi aminyene nezihlahla ezivulekile ezikhule kakhulu iheha izilwane ezinezinyosi ezinamanzi.
Isimo nemphilo yewapiti
AmaWapiti ahlala emihlambini emincane, abaholi bawo okungabesifazane asebekhulile. Abesilisa baphila izimpilo zabo kuze kube yisikhathi esinzima. Izinyamazane ziyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku. Abalithandi ilanga; emini kuphela uma lina liguqubele baphumela edlelweni. AmaWapiti asebenza cishe sonke isikhathi efuna ukudla emadlelweni nasemaphoyiseni.
Abesilisa nabesifazane bagcina ngokwehlukana, ngaphandle kwenkathi yokukhwelana, eqala ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ngoSepthemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa kufanele baqinisekise amandla negunya lomholi futhi balinganise amandla abo nabanye abaphikisi. IGon iyabonakala emapaki kazwelonke aseMelika
Izwi elibizayo lowesilisa okhalayo liphezulu futhi liphansi, cishe njalo liphela ngokushaya ikhwela noma ukubhonga. Ukumemeza kwe-vapiti kuyahlaba, kwesinye isikhathi kufane nokukhala. Imisindo ekhishwe isibe ngundabamlonyeni kochwepheshe abathole ukuthi ukwakheka okukhethekile komphimbo kuvumela umoya ukuba uphume ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Lalela izwi lama-wapiti
Lalela ukuduma okukhulu kwama-wapiti
Ukudlidliza kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwamakhala lapho ukugeleza komoya kudlula khona. Imisindo yemvamisa ephezulu ikhiqizwa ngokunyakaza nge-glottis. Isakhiwo esinjalo se-larynx sisondeza izinyamazane ezibomvu eduze kwemishado ehlobene nayo.
Ukumemeza okubandayo kukhumbuza abalingiswa be-movie ethi "The Lord of the Rings" - amaNazguls. Izinyamazane zaseWapiti azazi nokuthi zingazethusa kanjani izivakashi eziqiwini zikazwelonke, zibiza izihlobo zazo.
Ukwethembeka kweReindeer akukho, onqobayo we-duel uthola wonke amalungelo kwabesifazane bomhlambi. Lokhu kuqhubeka kuze kufike isimo sezulu esibandayo, kuze kube yilapho ukukhathala nokukhathala kubathinta. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayaqaphela, kanti emadlelweni baphansi kunabesilisa, abalulama ebusika.
Umsoco weWapiti
Isabelo seReindeer siqukethe kakhulu amakhambi, amahlumela ezitshalo, amaqabunga kanye namaqabunga, izithelo eziwile, ama-acorn namantongomane. Amajikijolo avuthiwe aba yisibiliboco sama-artiodactyls. Ngesikhathi sebusika esilambile, i-wapiti idla amagxolo ezihlahla ngisho nezinaliti ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izinyamazane zidla kakhulu, ngakho-ke imikhondo yokudla kwayo ibonwa njalo: utshani bunyathelwe phansi, kwahlikihlwa izihlahla ezincane. Ukufunwa kokudla kwenza imihlambi yezinyamazane ihlale izula. Ebusika, izilwane ziya emahlathini futhi futhi kulula ukuthola imikhondo yokuhlala kwazo: zizochoboza iqhwa ngemikhondo yemibhede, amagxolo ezihlahla ezibazungezile ayadliwa.
Ogwini lwemizimba yamanzi, intshisekelo yenyamazane iboshelwe kulwelwe olugezwe ogwini. Kwenzeka ukuthi izilwane zikhuphukele emanzini emva kwazo futhi zize zizejule ezingeni elingu-5 m ukuze zithole ukwelashwa. Izinkukhu ezisencane ziqala zondle ngobisi lukamama olunamafutha futhi olujiyile kuze kube izinyanga eziyisi-9.
Kepha kancane kancane, belingisa indlela aziphatha ngayo, banambitha izimbali zokuqala namakhambi amancane anamanzi. Idlelo liqinisekisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwesitoko esincane - 1-2 kg ngosuku! Ngemuva kwalokho amathole asekhulile azinqumela ukuthi angafika kanjani edlelweni eliluhlaza. IVapiti inephunga elihle.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-wapiti
Izinyamazane zivuthwa ngokocansi ngeminyaka engu-1.5-2. Kepha umehluko phakathi kwabesilisa ukuthi abavunyelwe ukugijima kusuka eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kwengu-6. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele bakhombise ukuthi sebekhulile beqinile, benempilo futhi beqinile ngenzalo, ukuzala.
Ukuthola amandla, izinyamazane ezincane ziyasebenza futhi zimemezele amalungelo azo ngokumemeza. Amazwi abesilisa azwakala kude u-5-10 km. Ngesikhathi semikhuba, izilwane zinolaka futhi zikulungele ukukhipha wonke umuntu, zingamhlasela umuntu.
Ukuziphatha kwabo okujwayelekile kuyashintsha: baphuza kakhulu, banciphise isisindo, baphule amagatsha bese bezihlikihla ezihlahleni, bashaye phansi ngezinselo bese bekhombisa amandla abawatholile. Ukulwa kwabaphikisi akwenzeki njalo, kepha uma kukhulunywa ngokulwa, izilwane zilwa zize zikhathale ngokuphelele. Kwakunezikhathi lapho izimbangi zazivalelwa empini enezimpondo okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zangakwazi ukuhlakazeka futhi zombili zabulawa yindlala.
Imvubelo yokuqala ivela kowesifazane eneminyaka emithathu. Unina umfihla ezihlahleni zotshani ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, kuyilapho yena ezondla eduze. Ngemuva kwesonto, ingane iqala ukuhamba ngemuva kukanina okokuqala futhi kancane kancane ifunda konke ngokulingisa.
Phila wapiti endle kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20, nasezinqolobaneni - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-30. Izinyamazane ezibomvu ze-Wapiti zibhekwa njengezilwane ezingenabungozi kakhulu nezinomusa, naphezu kobukhulu bazo obukhulu nezimpondo ezinamagatsha. Ubuhle nomusa kubenza babe yigugu lesizwe.
