I-swan enentamo emnyama (i-Cygnus melancoryphus) ingeka-oda i-Anseriformes.
Ukusabalala kwedada elinentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama asatshalaliswa ogwini oluseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika nasemachibini angaphakathi nezwe esifundeni saseNeotropical. Zitholakala ePatagonia. Bahlala eTierra del Fuego naseziQhingini zaseFalkland. Ebusika, izinyoni zifudukela enyakatho ziye eParaguay naseningizimu yeBrazil.
Indawo yokuhlala nenhlwathi enentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama akhetha izindawo ezisogwini ezingajulile ngasogwini lwePacific. Bahlala emachibini amaphakathi nezwe, emfuleni, emachibini nasezixhaphozini. Kukhethwa izindawo ezicebile ezimileni ezintantayo. Ama-swans anentamo emnyama asakazeka kusuka olwandle kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1200.
Lalela izwi likadada onentamo emnyama.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zeswan enentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama amele amancane ama-anseriformes. Banobude bomzimba - kusuka ku-102 cm kuye ku-124 cm.Isisindo samadoda sisuka ku-4.5 kg kuye ku-6.7 kg, abesifazane banesisindo esingaphansi - kusuka ku-3.5 kuye ku-4.5 kg. Amaphiko nawo ahlukile, amaphiko wesilisa angama-43.5 kuye ku-45.0 cm, kwabesifazane kusuka ku-40.0 kuya ku-41.5 cm.Izimpaphe zomzimba zimhlophe. Intamo yinde ngokumangazayo futhi inomusa ngombala omnyama, ikhanda liyithoni efanayo.
Lokhu kuhluka kwemibala kwehlukanisa i-swan enentamo emnyama kwamanye ama-swans. Amachashaza amhlophe kwesinye isikhathi avela entanyeni nasekhanda. Uqhwaku olumpunga oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lubonakala ngokugqamile ngokumelene nesizinda sesikhumba esibomvu ngaphansi kwamehlo. Umugqa omhlophe ngemuva kweso ufinyelela emuva entanyeni. Ama-swans anentamo emnyama akhombe, amaphiko amhlophe. Izitho zinombala opinki, zifushane, futhi azilingani kangangoba ama-swans ahluleka nokuhamba phansi. Abesilisa ngokuvamile baba bakhulu kathathu kunabesifazane. Izinyoni ezisencane ezinezimpaphe ze-matte zombala ompunga okhanyayo onsundu. Intamo yabo emnyama nezimpaphe ezimhlophe kuvela ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-swan enentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama yizinyoni ezizodwa. Bakha ngazimbili ezihlala njalo, uma enye yezinyoni ifa, i-swan esaphila ithola umlingani omusha. Isikhathi sokuzalisa siqala ngoJulayi kuya kuNovemba. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, owesilisa uyayiqhuba futhi ahlasele imbangi yakhe, bese ebuyela kumlingani wakhe ukuyokwenza umcimbi wokuqomisana oyinkimbinkimbi lapho akhombisa khona izimpaphe zakhe.
Ngemuva kokulwa, eshaya amaphiko akhe, owesilisa uhlala ememeza, elula intamo yakhe futhi ephakamisa ikhanda lakhe phezulu.
Bese owesilisa nowesifazane ngesigqi bacwilisa amakhanda abo emanzini bese belula izintamo zabo phezulu, benze ukunyakaza okuyindilinga emanzini azungeze omunye nomunye. Umkhosi onesizotha "ukunqoba" ukhombisa inselelo. Isidleke sakhiwe emibhedeni eminyene emaceleni emaphethelweni emizimba yamanzi. Owesilisa uletha okokusebenza, uqoqa izimila ezigezwe osebeni ukuze akhe ipulatifomu enkulu, ecwiliswe kancane emanzini. I-fluff yezinyoni isebenza njengolwelwesi. Eyeduna ivikela amaqanda futhi ivikele isidleke isikhathi eside.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama abekela amaqanda ngoJulayi. Ubukhulu be-Clutch buhluka kusuka kuma-3, ubuningi kuya kumaqanda ayi-7.
Insikazi ihlala esidlekeni izinsuku ezingama-34 kuya kwezingama-37. Amaqanda ayi-10.1 x 6.6 cm ngosayizi futhi anesisindo esingama-238 gram. Ama-swans amancane ahamba ngemuva kwamasonto ayishumi, kepha ahlala nabazali bawo izinyanga eziyi-8 kuya kwezingu-14 ngaphambi kokuba azimele ngokuphelele, lapho eneminyaka emithathu enza ama-pair. Inzalo ihlala nabazali bayo kuze kube yihlobo elilandelayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube yisizini elandelayo yasebusika.
Zombili izinyoni ezindala zithwala amachwane emhlane wazo, kodwa imvamisa eyeduna iyakwenza lokhu, ngoba insikazi kufanele yondle kakhulu ukuze ibuyise isisindo eyayisilahle ngesikhathi sokufukamela. Inzalo iyondliwa futhi ivikelwe ezilwaneni ezizingelayo ngabazali bobabili. Insikazi ngisho nangesikhathi sokudla ihlala eduze kwesidleke. Izingwegwe ezimnyama ezinentamo emnyama zivikela ngamandla ezilwaneni ezizingelayo ngokushaya okuvela emilonyeni nasemaphikweni azo, kodwa lapho abantu bevela bethukile, bavame ukushiya izidleke zabo ngaphandle kokumboza amaqanda abo.
Zihlala endle iminyaka eyi-10 - 20, ubuningi beminyaka engama-30. Ekuthunjweni, baphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-swan enentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama yizinyoni zomphakathi ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa.
Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, ziba yindawo futhi zicashe phakathi komhlanga nakwezinye izimila.
Ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa, izinyoni zizala emakoloni amancane noma ngamabili, kodwa ziphinde zihlangane futhi ngemuva kokuzalisa, zakhe imihlambi yabantu abayinkulungwane. Umhlambi ungahamba ngokuya ngokutholakala kwezinsizakusebenza zokudla kanye nesimo sezulu, kepha ngokuvamile uhlala ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika ngaphambi kokufudukela enyakatho. Ama-swans anentamo emnyama asebenzisa iningi lesikhathi sawo emanzini, ngoba ahamba ngokungahambi kahle emhlabeni ngenxa yokubekwa okukhethekile kwemilenze yawo yangemuva, ehlelelwe ukubhukuda. Ngezikhathi zengozi, zisheshe zikhuphuke emoyeni futhi zindize amabanga amade. Lezi zinyoni ziphakathi kwamapheshana ashesha kakhulu phakathi kwama-swans, futhi zingafinyelela isivinini samakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora.
Ukudla i-swan enentamo emnyama.
Ama-swans anentamo emnyama adla kakhulu ezimileni zasemanzini, imvamisa athola ukudla ezansi kwemizimba yamanzi. Banomlomo oqinile onemiphetho eminyene kanye nesipikili enqeni. Ebusweni bolimi kukhona ama-spinous bristles, ngosizo lwama-swans akhipha izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinyo anenhlaka asiza ukuhlunga ukudla okuncane ebusweni bamanzi. Ama-swans anentamo emnyama iningi labantu abadla imifino kuphela abadla i-pondweed, yarrow, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi asendle nezinye izitshalo zasemanzini. Zidla amanye ama-invertebrates futhi akuvamile ukuthi zidobe amaqanda amaxoxo.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kweswani elinentamo emnyama.
Inani le-swan enentamo emnyama lizinzile impela. Lezi zinhlobo zisakazeke kakhulu ezingxenyeni eziningi zebanga, okusho ukuthi ayinazo izindinganiso zomkhawulo wenqubo yezinhlobo ezisengozini. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-swan enentamo emnyama ikalwa njengezilwane ezinesongo elincane.
Kodwa-ke, izinyoni zizingelwa ukufudumala, okusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingubo ezibandayo kanye nokulala. Yize isidingo senyama sincipha, izinyoni ziyaqhubeka nokudutshulwa.
Ngenxa yesimo sayo esizolile, idada elinentamo emnyama liyinyoni ebalulekile yokuzalanisa.
AmaSwans athengiswa kakhulu. Njengoba kungezona izinhlobo ezingavamile, zithunyelwa eNyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha eziQhingini zaseFalkland kubonakala kwinani lamaswazi anentamo emnyama, aheha abathandi bezilwane. Ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala, izinyoni zilawula ukukhula kwezimila zasemanzini, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwazo echibini kusebenza njengenkomba yekhwalithi yamanzi.
Izinombolo ze-swan ezinentamo emnyama ziyancipha ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo, okwenzeka lapho amaxhaphozi amaningi namaxhaphozi kukhanywa. Njengamanje iyisongo esikhulu kulezi zinhlobo.
