Ukuqapha ezemvelo kwenziwa endaweni yemvelo, evumela ukubuka ukuguquguquka kwezinguquko kuzo zonke izinqubo ezindaweni eziphila kuzo. Yonke idatha iqoqwa ngamasevisi akhethekile avela ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, okwenziwayo kuyenziwa, okwenziwa okunye ukuhlaziywa.
Izinhlobo zokuqapha kwemvelo
Ngokwesilinganiso socwaningo nesilinganiso, ukuqapha imvelo kuhlukaniswe kwaba:
- i-bioecological, ehlaziya izindinganiso zenhlanzeko nezenhlanzeko;
- i-geosystem, lapho kufundwa khona idatha yamazwe omnotho nezemvelo;
- i-biosphere, okuthathwa kuyo isithombe esijwayelekile esikalini samaplanethi.
Ukuqapha isimo semvelo, idatha ehlukahlukene iqoqwa ezingeni lokungcola komoya namanzi, izinkomba zezulu kanye nesimo semvelo engaphili. Yonke imininingwane yesimo sezulu nezinguquko kuyaphenywa. Ezingeni lokuqapha kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuqapha izinto eziphilayo kanye nesimo sazo ngesikhathi sokungcola kanye nezinguquko zemvelo kwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqashwa kwemvelo kufaka phakathi ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane ngezehlakalo kanye nesimo sempilo yabantu. Konke lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubikezela isimo semvelo yomhlaba nokukhomba izinkinga zemvelo.
Amazinga Eco-zokuqapha
Ngokuvamile, ukuqoqwa kwedatha kwenziwa emazingeni ahlukahlukene:
- okuningiliziwe - izifundo zesiza esincane sendawo noma insimu;
- okwasendaweni - okwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesifunda noma lokuhlala;
- lesifunda - isimo sezinga lesifunda sifundwa;
- ukuqapha kukazwelonke - imvelo yezwe elithile kuyenziwa;
- emhlabeni jikelele - okwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lwe-UN, kufundwa izinguquko ezilinganisweni zeplanethi.
Ukubaluleka kokuqapha imvelo
Ukuqapha ezemvelo kwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo yiminyango ekhethekile. Lolu lwazi lwenza ukuthi kube lula ukuthola idatha ngesimo semvelo ngesikhathi esithile ngokunemba okuphezulu ukuze kuhlanzwe i-biosphere futhi kusetshenziswe izinsiza zemvelo. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ubheke ukusakazwa kwezinto emvelweni, unqume isikhathi sokubola kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemfucuza, usebenzise ezinye zazo futhi wehlise umthelela we-anthropogenic emvelweni ukuze unqobe izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zemvelo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha imvelo kungumsebenzi obalulekile wokuqapha isimo seplanethi yethu. Ikuvumela ukuthi urekhode ngesikhathi esifanele zonke izinguquko ngesisekelo isibikezelo esisuselwe kuso. Ngokulandelayo, kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani izinzuzo ezithile zemvelo.
Uhlelo lokuqapha imvelo
Uhlelo lohlelo lokuqapha luthathwa njengeqoqo lezinjongo zenhlangano, amasu athile wokuziphatha nezindlela zokuqalisa. Izingxenye eziyinhloko yilezi:
- izinto ezinesithenjwa sendawo, ezingaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile kwezinsizakalo;
- izinkomba zokulawula;
- izindawo ezamukelekile zokushintsha kwezinkomba;
- izikali zesikhathi.
Uhlelo ngalunye luqukethe amamephu athuthukisiwe, amatafula akhombisa izindawo nezinsuku, kanye nezindlela zokulinganisa, amashadi neminye imininingwane ebalulekile. Futhi, lolu hlelo lubandakanya izindlela zokuhlaziya okukude, ezenza ukuthi kutholakale isimo semvelo.
