Ukuhlobisa i-aquarium kungubuciko. Futhi kaningi kuvela izimo lapho izitshalo eziqhakaza kahle ezithengwe esitolo sezilwane zingagcini ngokugxila kahle, kepha futhi zilahlekelwa ukukhanya kwazo ekhaya. Kungabonakala sengathi iphupho lokudala indawo ecacile futhi engalibaleki seliphelile. Lokhu kungenzeka kube njalo uma bekungekho enye indlela esevele ikhombisile ukusebenza kwayo ngama-aquarists emhlabeni jikelele. Sikhuluma ngezitshalo eziphakeme ze-spore, noma njengoba zibizwa nangokuthi ubulembu.
Incazelo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ubulembu bungobezitshalo eziphakeme zemithambo, kepha bahlukaniswa njengeqembu elizimele. Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi ubulembu bokuqala bavela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-400 edlule. Okwamanje, ososayensi bahlukanisa amakilasi ama-3 obulembu. Ngakho-ke, zifaka:
- I-Anthoceretic.
- Mossy.
- I-Hepatic.
Njengomthetho, ezimweni eziningi kusetshenziswa kuphela ubulembu bangempela ngabasebenzi basemanzini, ababonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zasemanzini. Ama-mosses wesibindi awathandwa kangako, omelwe yi-Floating Riccia.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ubulembu
Uma siqhathanisa ubulembu nezimila ezinemithambo yegazi, khona-ke umuntu ngeke ahluleke ukuqaphela izinzuzo zako ezingenakuphikwa ngaphezu kwalokhu okwedlule. Ngakho-ke, kubo singahlukanisa:
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okumangalisayo ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zemvelo yasemanzini.
- Izinga lokukhula eliphansi, elizokhulisa kakhulu ubukhona bokwakheka, okunamathele kubulembu.
- Ukuzithoba okuphezulu.
Futhi kufanele wazi ukuthi ubulembu bulungele ukubekwa ezindaweni zama-aquariums lapho kunokuntuleka kokukhanya noma ukushisa. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi neze ukuthi ubulembu buvame ukubekwa ngemuva. Yilapho enza ukhaphethi oyingqayizivele we-green hue, onokuthi, ngaphezu kwalokho, unokuphakama okuthile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nezitshalo ezifanayo zemithambo, izimfunda zabo ze-moss ngeke zilahlekelwe ukuzilungisa kwabo ngemuva kwesonto. Futhi izingoma ezinhle kakhulu zama-moss aluhlaza kuma-snag noma amatshe amatshe abukeka kahle.
Futhi, mhlawumbe, enye yezinzuzo zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu yikhono lokudlulisa ubulembu ndawonye nekhethini elilungisiwe lisuke endaweni eyodwa liye kwenye. Ngeshwa, ukwenza inqubo enjalo ngezitshalo ezinezimpande kubangela ubunzima obuthile.
Ngakho-ke, kungokwemvelo ukuthi, ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo, i-moss isanda kusetshenziswa kakhulu ngabakwa-aquarists ukuhlobisa amadamu abo okufakelwa. Cabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lobulembu.
Izinhlobo ze-Moss
Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, ama-aquarists ayesebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zobulembu ngezinhloso zawo, kepha ngenxa yokuthandwa kwawo okwandayo, ezinye, izinhlobo ezazingasetshenziswanga ngaphambili zaqala ukuwela emkhakheni wazo wombono. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kufaka:
- Moss kuyisihluthulelo.
- Ukukhala ubulembu.
- Ubusuku bukaKhisimusi.
- I-leptodictium yasogwini.
- Lomariopsis lineatu.
- Ubulembu baseJavanese.
- I-Monosolenium tenerum.
- Intaba kaRiccia.
Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukhiye
Elinye igama lalesi moss yi-Fontinalis antipyretica noma i-Fontinalis. Isatshalaliswa kabanzi cishe emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kwe-Australia kuphela. Lezi mosses, izithombe zazo ezivame ukutholakala ezincwadini zesikole nasezincwadini zesayensi.
Zineziqu zamagatsha ezinenani elikhulu lamaqabunga amancane. Umbala wayo uncike kakhulu ekukhanyeni kokubili nasekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi futhi ingahluka kusuka kobomvu kuya kokuluhlaza okotshani. Ngokuqondene nokuqukethwe, indawo yokugcina eshisayo noma esesilinganisweni efudumele ilungele yona.
Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi le mosses idinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, ukushisa kwemvelo yasemanzini akufanele kushiye umkhawulo wama-24-28 degrees ehlobo kanye no-10-12 degrees ebusika. Kufanele futhi unakekele ngokukhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwelwe aluveli emaqabungeni obulembu. Ukugwema lesi simo, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe cishe u-2% wamanzi esewonke e-aquarium masonto onke. Kuyafaneleka ukugcizelela ukuthi lezi zinsalela zizwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza ukukhanya kungabi okulingene. Kepha, naphezu kwabo bonke ubunzima bokumnakekela, umphumela wokugcina uzodlula konke okulindelwe ngesibindi.
Okubalulekile! Ama-moss ayisihluthulelo alungele ukubeka ngaphambili echibini lokufakelwa.
Sikhala
Igama laleli moss, isithombe ongasithokozela ngalo ngezansi, lincoma kakhulu ukwakheka kwamagatsha alo, okuthi ngezindlela eziningi kufane nomnyezane okhalayo. Yalethwa eYurophu ivela eChina. Ubuncane besilinganiso sokuphakama. 50 mm. Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, lo moss uzibonakalise kahle ngokubeka amatshe amatshe ahlukahlukene noma ama-snags. Izinga lokushisa elinethezekile lokugcinwa kwalo liphakathi kwama-degree ayi-15-28.
UKhisimusi
Lolu hlobo lobulembu lwathola igama lalo ngenxa yokuma kwangempela kwamaqabunga alo, ngemuva kokubona isithombe ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa kuso nezinaliti zomuthi woNyaka Omusha. Amaqabunga awo akhula ngezendlalelo, elenga phansi kancane, akhe izakhiwo ezinhle ngokumangalisayo. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abashayeli bezingozi abaningi basebenzise lesi sici sabo ekwakheni udonga oluyingqayizivele echibini labo lokuzenzela. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukugcizelela ukuthi le moss ikhula kancane kancane. Ngokuqondene nokuqukethwe, ubulembu bukaKhisimusi abuphoqeleli noma yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile ekwakhiweni kwamanzi futhi kuzwakala kahle emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-22 degrees. Uma yehlisa kancane, lokhu kungaholela ekumeni okuphelele kokukhula kwale moss.
Okubalulekile! Ungakhohlwa ukugcina njalo amanzi ase-aquarium ahlanzekile.
Uma kunesifiso sokuthola abamele abengeziwe balezi zinhlobo, kwanele ukuhlukanisa igatsha elilodwa elincane bese ulishiya ku-aquarium ukuze uthole isitshalo esihle futhi esihle ngemuva kwesikhashana.
I-leptodictium yasogwini
Lesi sitshalo saba negama laso ngenxa yeziqu ezinde (50mm-400mm), ezisendaweni ekude kakhulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni.
Kungenxa yokubukeka kwabo kwasekuqaleni okwenza lobu bucayi bube nzima ukudida nabanye abameleli baleli qembu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi noma ngabe ekuqaleni isiqu sawo siqondiswa sibheke phezulu, ngemuva kwesikhashana sizobe sesime mpo, ngenkathi sakha umphumela oyingqayizivele womoya, umangalisa kakhulu kunoma ngubani obukayo.
ICoptodictium yasogwini kunesizotha ekunakekelweni. Uzizwa ekhululekile kuwo womabili amanzi amile nahambayo. Ungayibeka phezu kwezinkuni, amatshe noma ngisho nenhlabathi. Umbuso wokushisa kokuqukethwe usukela kuma-degree angama-18-28.
Lomariopsis lineatu
Lawa ma-moss, afanekiselwa ngezansi, ajwayelekile e-China, e-Australia naseMalaysia. Uma uthi shazi, ungadideka nesibindi, kepha lapho uhlolwa kabusha, isakhiwo saso esilinganisiwe semifino kanye nokungabikho kwemithambo etholakala maphakathi nendawo ngaso leso sikhathi kudonsa iso. Futhi lokhu akushiwo ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwale moss kuzikhombise ngokugqame kakhulu lapho kuboshwe ngentambo yenayiloni ukubamba kanye namatshe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi njengoba le moss ikhula kancane, akufanele ulindele ukuthola izindunduma ezinhle eziluhlaza ngemuva kwesonto lokuqala. Uma iLomariopsis lineatu ikhula ngamandla, khona-ke iyoba yisiphephelo esihle kakhulu sefry noma enye inhlanzi encane.
IsiJavanese
Le moss, isithombe sayo esingabonakala ngezansi, sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo bobabili abanolwazi lwasemanzini nabaqalayo. Uma uyibuka, into yokuqala eheha iso lakho iziqu zeziqu ezinciphile nezihlangene ezinamagagasi, ezimbozwe ungqimba olujiyile lwamaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Kepha lo mbono uyakhohlisa. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhipha isiqeshana esincane kuso bese usisa kwenye indawo, usishiya lapho izinyanga ezimbalwa, ungabona isithombe esakhiwe kahle.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhula kweziqu, ezolula zombili phansi nasezinhlangothini, zifaka ngokuphelele i-substrate, bese ngaleyo ndlela zakha ukuxhumana okuzinzile nobuso bayo. Ngemuva kokuthi lokhu kwenzeke, ubulembu bukhipha inani elikhulu lamahlumela ahlukene, aqondiswa ngokuvundlile nangokuqondile. Ngaphansi kwethonya labo, yonke inqwaba yobulembu ithatha ifomu ngenani elikhulu lezendlalelo, eziqondaniswe komunye nomunye. Futhi abokugcina ukuqala ukukhula kwabo yiziqu, eziqondiswe ngendlela eqondile.
Ngokuqondene nokuqukethwe, la ma-moss aphakathi kwabamele abathobekile kakhulu bezitshalo ku-aquarium. Kubo, umbuso wokushisa noma ukuqina akunandaba nakancane. Bazizwa bebahle bobabili ezindaweni zokugcina ezikhanyisiwe nasezindaweni zayo ezimnyama. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi lapho ufaka lobu bulembu, busetshenziswa kangcono ematsheni noma emithini yokukhukhula.
I-Monosolenium tenerum
Le moss, isithombe sayo simangalisa ubuhle bayo, kuyinkinga ukuhlangana nayo endaweni yemvelo yasendle. Njengomthetho, it is itshalwe emakoloni amancane atholakala eChina, India, eTaiwan. Okuphawulekayo iqiniso lokuthi lezi mosses azinamaqabunga ngokuphelele. Ngifisa futhi ukugcizelela ukuthi iMonosolenium tenerum ilula ukukhula, futhi uma inikezwe ukukhanya kwayo, ibekwe ngokuphelele ebusweni bamanzi, imboze yonke indawo yamahhala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Khumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhamba, lobu buthi bungacwila cishe phansi ezansi echibini lokufakelwa. Futhi, ukwenza i-push enkulu, abanye abasemanzini bayibopha ngentambo yokudoba esobala ezikhukhuleni zamatshe noma emadwaleni, okuzodala ubunzima obengeziwe ekushintsheni isikhundla sayo ngesikhathi sokuguquguquka kwamanzi.
URichia
Lawa ma-moses, izithombe zawo ezithunyelwe ngezansi, aphakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Umumo wangaphandle walesi moss ucishe ufane ne-glomeruli yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene obunemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Kepha kufanele ukugcizelele ukuthi, ngokuya ngamandla wokukhanyisa, umbala wabo ungashintsha. URiccia akanazo iziqu, izimpande noma amaqabunga. Esikhundleni salokho, lo moss udala izingqimba zamahlumela, ubukhulu bawo obufinyelela ku-10 mm futhi kube nemikhawulo yamagatsha.
Ukukhula kwayo kwenzeka ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu, kuyilapho ihlanganisa wonke amanzi. Kepha ukukhula kwayo kungancishiswa kakhulu uma izimo ziba zimbi. Ngakho-ke, uRiccia uzizwa emuhle ekushiseni kwamanzi ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-20 nangaphansi kokukhanya okukhulu.
Khumbula ukuthi uRiccia akakhululekile kwimvelo yasemanzini, engashintshi isikhathi eside. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke ku-moss kuzokwazi ukubona ukuqhuma okumhlophe. Uma ungathathi zinyathelo, emva kwalokho uzofa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukumboza ichibi lokufakelwa ngengilazi ukunciphisa kancane umfutho wokuthuthukiswa kweRiccia ekuvezweni yimisinga yomoya.
Okubalulekile! Umbala oluhlaza ophilile walesi moss uyinkomba yemvelo yokuthi zonke izimo ezithandekayo zempilo yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezihlala kuwo zidalwe endaweni enamanzi e-aquarium.
Imiphumela yezakhi ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali kubulembu
Yize ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwalezi zitshalo, ama-aquarist amaningi ayamangala ukubona ukuthi esikhathini esithile ngemuva kokuthengwa, uhlobo olulodwa noma yonke imoss iqala ukufa ngokushesha. Ake sicabangele izizathu okungenzeka ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Okokuqala, kufanele unake ikhwalithi yamanzi noma ukwenyuka okungenzeka ekushiseni kwawo.
Kepha ezimweni eziningi, ukufa komusi kwenzeka ngenxa yomphumela wabo wezakhi ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali eziqukethwe yizo zonke izinhlobo zikamanyolo ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina impilo yezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga umanyolo othile, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwawo ukuze ungalimazi ngaphezu kokuhle. Ngakho-ke, imithi yokubulala izinambuzane esebenza kahle kakhulu ekubhujisweni kobulembu ihlanganisa izithako ezilandelayo:
- I-sodium metabolite.
- I-Benzyl ammonium chloride.
- Inkimbinkimbi ye-Triethanolamine.
- I-Peroxyacetic acid.
Dala imihlobiso yobulembu yokuqala
Njengoba kuye kwagcizelelwa kaningi ngenhla, ukuthandwa kokusetshenziswa kobulembu ekwakheni amadamu okufakelwa kuyanda ngamandla. Ngenxa yabo, ungakha imiklamo emihle ngokungajwayelekile engenzi nje ukuthi noma yiliphi iphupho lifezeke, kepha futhi inikeze i-aquarium ukubukeka kwemvelo ngokwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ngokunikezwa usayizi wabo omncane, zikulungele ukuhlobisa ngaphambili. Namathisela ubulembu, njengomthetho, usebenzisa izingcezu ezimbili zepulasitiki ngale njongo bese ubeka ngendlela yokuthi isitshalo siphakathi kwabo. Ungasebenzisa futhi amatshe ayizicaba amabili ngale njongo.
Futhi, uma ukhulisa ubulembu bube yizicucu ezinesimo sangempela, ungagcina unomphumela ongalindelekile nowangempela.
Enye yemiklamo eyintandokazi yama-hobbyists amaningi yi-moss slide. Kwenziwa kusetshenziswa itshe elenziwe ngocingo lweplastiki. Idizayini ingadalwa kusuka ohlotsheni olulodwa noma eziningana zobulembu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqamisa kwangempela ukuhlobisa kwezindonga zechibi lokufakelwa, elenziwe ngobulembu. Kwenziwa ngokulula. Konke okudingayo i-mesh epulasitiki. Okulandelayo, usike izingcezu ezi-2 ezilinganayo ngokulingana, ezihambelana nosayizi wengilazi yedamu lokufakelwa, bese ngokulinganayo wendlala ubulembu ngongqimba oluncane kwelinye lamanetha. Ngemuva kwalokho, sibeka ingxenye ephezulu yenetha bese sibhoboza zombili izingqimba ngentambo yokudoba. Manje kusalokhu kunamathisela ukwakheka okuvelayo engilazini ye-aquarium bese ulinda isikhashana kuze kube yilapho ubulembu bumboza ngokuphelele.
Izimo ezijwayelekile zokugcina ubulembu
Ukuze umqondo okhulelwe wokuhlobisa i-aquarium enobuhle ukuze uphumelele ngo-100%, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwemvelo yasemanzini ligcinwa kangcono ebangeni lama-19-25 degrees. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngokulawulwa kwawo womabili ama-nitrate nama-phosphates bese uwafaka kuphela uma kunesidingo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlanzeni njalo i-aquarium yenkunkuma eqoqiwe. Ngakho-ke ukuthi utshani obuluhlaza obuhle noma ezinye izingoma ziyaqhubeka nokujabulisa umnikazi wazo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ususe amagatsha akhulile. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, khona-ke ubulembu obukhulayo buzofihla amagatsha atholakala ngezansi, okuzoholela ekufeni kwabo.
