I-English Bulldog (i-English Bulldog noma i-British Bulldog) iyinhlobo yezinja ezinwele ezimfishane, eziphakathi nendawo. Ziyizinja ezinobungane, ezizolile, ezifuywayo. Kepha banempilo ebuthakathaka futhi ukugcina i-English Bulldog kunzima kakhulu kunokugcina ezinye izinhlobo.
Izifushaniso
- Ama-Bulldogs esiNgisi angaba nenkani futhi abe namavila. Abantu abadala abakujabuleli ukuhamba, kepha udinga ukuhamba nabo nsuku zonke ukuze uhlale uphilile.
- Abakwazi ukumelana nokushisa nomswakama. Bheka izimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile lapho uhamba futhi uthathe isenzo nakancane. Abanye abanikazi babeka ichibi elipholile emthunzini ukugcina izinja zabo zipholile. Lolu uhlobo lokugcina endlini kuphela, hhayi emgwaqweni.
- Ijazi elifushane alibavikeli emakhazeni.
- Ziyahonqa, zishosholoze, zibhonge.
- Abaningi bahlushwa ukuqola. Uma u-squeamish, lokhu kuzoba yinkinga.
- Impumulo emfushane nomoya ohamba emoyeni usengozini yezifo zokuphefumula.
- Bangamadlavu adla kakhulu kunalawo angakwazi, uma enikezwa ithuba. Zikhuluphala kalula futhi zikhuluphele.
- Ngenxa yobukhulu nokuma kogebhezi, ukuzalwa kwemidlwane kunzima. Iningi lizalwa ngokuhlinzwa.
Umlando wozalo
Ama-bulldogs okuqala avela ngesikhathi lapho izincwadi zomhlambi zazingagcinwanga, futhi uma zazikhona, khona-ke abantu babekude nezincwadi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, akukho okuqinisekile ngomlando wohlobo. Esikwaziyo nje ukuthi avele ngekhulu le-15 futhi asetshenziselwa ukubamba nokubamba izilwane.
Owokuqala kwakuyi-Old English Bulldog, ukhokho wazo zonke izinhlobo zesimanje. Kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziyishumi nambili, i-English Bulldog ingeyeqembu lama-mastiffs. Yize uhlobo ngalunye kuleli qembu luhlukile, zonke ziyizinja ezinkulu, ezinamandla ezinesakhiwo se-brachycephalic skull.
Igama lokuqala "i-bulldog" litholakala ezincwadini zekhulu le-1500, futhi indlela yokubiza amagama ngaleso sikhathi izwakala njenge- "Bondogge" ne "Bolddogge". Isipelingi sanamuhla siqala ukuvela encwadini eyabhalwa nguPrestwich Eaton phakathi kuka-1631 no-1632: "Ngithengele izinkunzi ezimbili ezinhle bese ungithumela nomkhumbi wokuqala."
Igama lesiNgisi elithi “bull” lisho inkunzi futhi lavela egameni lozalo ngoba lezi zinja zazisetshenziswa “kwezemidlalo ezinegazi”, ukuluma izinkunzi noma ukubheja izinkunzi. Le nkunzi yaboshwa kwase kwethulwa kuye inja, okwakungumsebenzi wayo ukubamba inkunzi ngamakhala iyicindezele phansi.
Inkunzi yona yacindezela ikhanda layo yafihla ikhala, ayivumela inja ukuthi inamathele futhi ilinde umzuzu wokuhlaselwa kwayo. Uma ephumelela, inja yandiza ibanga elingamamitha ambalwa, futhi kwenzeka into engajwayelekile ngaphandle kwezinja ezikhubazekile nezibulele.
Lokhu ukuzijabulisa kwakuthandwa kakhulu ngabantu, futhi eminyakeni edlule yentuthuko, izinja ezenza ukubheja izinkunzi zathola izici ezivamile. Umzimba oyisitokisi, amakhanda amakhulu, imihlathi enamandla kanye nolaka, inkani.
Lezi zimpi zafinyelela ekuphakameni kwazo ekuthandeni ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, kodwa ngo-1835 zavinjelwa yi-Cruelty to Animals Act. Umthetho wawukwenqabela ukugaywa kwezinkunzi, amabhere, izingulube zasendle, ukulwa namakhosi. Kodwa-ke, abokufika baba imilutha yalezi zingqungquthela eNew World.
Ngaphandle kokuvuthwa okuhamba kancane (iminyaka engu-2-2.5), impilo yabo yayimfishane. Ngonyaka wesihlanu noma wesithupha wokuphila, basebevele beguga uma bephila kuze kube kule minyaka. Futhi i-Old English Bulldog iwele nezinye izinhlobo. Inja evelayo incane kune futhi inomlomo omfishane ngenxa yogebhezi lwayo lwe-brachiocephalic.
Yize ama-Bulldogs esiNgisi anamuhla ebukeka elukhuni, bakude nokhokho babo abalwa nezinkunzi. Isifonyo esifushane besingabavumeli ukuthi babambe isilwane, futhi isisindo esincane besingabavumeli balawule.
Iqembu lesiNgisi labathandi bama-bulldogs "The Bulldog Club" selikhona kusukela ngo-1878. Amalungu ale kilabhu abuthanele endaweni yokubingelela eku-Oxford Street eLondon. Futhi babhala indinganiso yokuqala yokuzala. Ngo-1894, babamba umncintiswano phakathi kwama-bulldogs amabili ahlukene. Kwakudingeka bagijime amamayela angama-20 noma ama-32 km.
Inja yokuqala, egama linguKing Orry, yayifana ne-Old English Bulldogs, yayisubatha futhi ingasindi. Esesibili, iDockleaf, sasincane, sisinda futhi sifana neBulldog yesiNgisi yanamuhla. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi ngubani ophumelele nokuthi ngubani ongakwazi ngisho nokufinyelela entanjeni.
Incazelo
Cishe azikho izinhlobo ezaziwa njengalezi. IBulldog yesiNgisi imfishane, kepha iyasinda ngokumangazayo. Ekubuneni ifinyelela ku-30-40 cm, isisindo sabesilisa sisuka ku-16 kuye ku-27 kg, ama-bitches kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-25 kg.
Lokhu kuyindlela ejwayelekile yesisindo sezilwane ezime kahle, abantu abakhuluphele bangaba nesisindo esingaphezulu. E-UK, ngokwezinga lokuzala, abesilisa kufanele babe nesisindo sama-23 kg, abesifazane babe ngu-18 kg. E-USA, izimvume ezijwayelekile zabesilisa ezinesisindo esingama-20-25 kg, kuma-bitches avuthiwe angama-20 kg.
Lezi yizinja ezixakile, zibizwa nangokuthi amathangi emhlabeni wezinja. Zinemisipha impela, yize kaningi zingabonakali kanjalo. Izinyawo zifushane, zivame ukusonteka. Banesifuba esibanzi, futhi intamo cishe ayiphinyiselwa. Umsila ngokwemvelo mfushane kakhulu, kusuka ku-2.5 kuye ku-7 cm futhi ungaba oqondile, ogobile.
Ikhanda lisentanyeni ewugqinsi futhi emfushane kakhulu. Ikhanda ngokwalo likhulu, uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba, kokubili ngobubanzi nokuphakama. Ukhakhayi lwawo olubushelelezi noluyisikwele luyisici sohlobo. Lolugebhezi luhlobo lwe-brachiocephalic, okungukuthi, banomlomo omfushane.
Kweminye, imfushane kakhulu kangangokuba iphuma kancani ekhakhayini. Amazinyo angezansi ajwayele ukubekwa kude kunamazinyo aphezulu kanti uhlobo luphansi. Yize abafuyi abaningi becabanga ukuthi izinja ezinamazinyo aphansi ziyabonakala lapho umhlathi uvaliwe, lokhu kuvamile.
Izindebe zinesibindi, zakha amaflegi wesici, isifonyo uqobo simbozwe imibimbi ejulile, eminyene. Le mibimbi miningi kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi ifihla ezinye izici zohlobo. Amehlo mancane, acwile.
Izindlebe zincane futhi zimfushane, zikude namehlo. Kwezinye zilenga, kwezinye zimile, kwezinye izinja ziqondiswa phambili, kwezinye ohlangothini, futhi zingahlehla. Umbono ojwayelekile wesifonyo uphakathi kosongo namahlaya.
Ijazi limboze umzimba wonke, lifushane futhi liqonde, eduze komzimba. Izwakala lithambile futhi libushelelezi, liyacwebezela. Kunemibala eminingi futhi ngamunye unabalandeli bawo. Ngokwamazinga we-AKC ne-UKC, i-English Bulldog ekahle kufanele ibe nombala we-red-brindle.
Kepha, ngaphandle kwakhe, kukhona: okuguquguqukayo (okubomvu - okumhlophe, njll.), I-monochromatic (emhlophe, i-fawn, ebomvu) noma izinkinga - isudi ye-monochromatic enesifihla-buso esimnyama noma isifonyo esimnyama. Kwesinye isikhathi kunezinja ezinombala omnyama noma wenyama, zenqatshwa amakilabhu amaningi (ikakhulukazi amnyama).
Kepha, ngesimilo, awehlukile kuma-bulldogs ajwayelekile futhi mahle njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Uhlamvu
Kunzima ukuthola olunye uhlobo olushintshe kakhulu esimilweni eminyakeni eyi-150 edlule. Ama-English Bulldogs asephenduke inja yezemidlalo futhi eyingozi, umlwi onolaka waba ngumlingani ovilaphayo noziphatha kahle. Okokuqala, bangabantu bomndeni nabantu, bafuna ukuba naye ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Abanye babo bathanda ukugibela ezandleni zabo njengamakati. Kuyahlekisa futhi kusinda kancane, ngoba abanaso isisindo esingako. Abanye kufanele babe segumbini nomndeni, kepha balale kusofa.
Iningi liyabekezelela abantu elingabazi futhi, ngokuhlangana kahle kwabantu, linenhlonipho futhi linobungane. Kuncike kakhulu kumlingiswa othile, abanye bathanda wonke umuntu futhi benze abangane masinyane, abanye bavaliwe futhi bakude kakhulu. Awavamile ukuba nolaka kubantu, kepha angaba yindawo futhi abe nolaka lokudla. Abazalanisi bancoma nokuthi bondle izinja ngaphandle kwezingane noma ezinye izilwane ukugwema izinkinga.
Izimfanelo ze-Watchdog zehluka kakhulu kunenja nenja. Abanye bayavilapha futhi abanantshisekelo yokuthi ngeke banikeze nesiginali encane ngokubonakala kwesihambi emnyango. Abanye bagada indlu futhi benze umsindo owanele wokunakwa. Zonke zinento eyodwa ezifanayo - zikhonkotha, kepha azilumi, futhi inani elincane kuphela lamaNgisi amaBulldog angaba onogada abahle.
Ama-bulldogs ahlalisana kahle nezingane, athambile nawo futhi abekezelela imigilingwane. Kepha, kusafanele ukufundisa ingane indlela yokuziphatha nenja. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kudla okukhulunywe ngenhla nokuhlukunyezwa kwendawo, iningi lihlangana kahle nezingane, yize kungadlalwa kakhulu. Yize kungadlalwa kakhulu ngomthetho.
Izinja zesimanje zihlangana nezinye izilwane kahle. Uhlobo lunezinga eliphansi lokuhlukumeza ezinye izinja futhi ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, zihlala ngokuthula nazo. Bancamela ngisho nokuba nezinja. Ezinye izinkinga zingabangelwa indawo futhi zibe nkulu ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka kokudla.
Ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi kungaba kwinani elincane labesilisa maqondana nezinja zobulili obufanayo, futhi kungahamba kuze kufike ezimpini. Lokhu kulungiswa ngokuqeqeshwa noma ngokuthenwa.
Bazwana nezinye izilwane, banesifiso esiphansi sabazingeli futhi abanabungozi. Akuvamile ukudala izinkinga kwezinye izilwane, ikakhulukazi amakati. Uma i-bulldog ijwayele ikati, khona-ke umane alinake ngokuphelele.
Kulokho abaziwa ngakho ubunzima ekuqeqesheni nasekufundiseni. Mhlawumbe inenkani kunazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja. Uma i-bulldog inqume ukuthi ayifuni okuthile, lokhu kungaphela. Lokhu kuba nenkani kuphazamisa ukufunda imiyalo emisha nokwenza lokho osekuvele kufundiwe.
Bayayiqonda imiyalo yokulalela ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kepha kuyaqabukela balalele ngokuphelele. Abaqeqeshi abanolwazi kuphela, abasebenza njalo nezinja ezahlukahlukene, abakwaziyo ukulungiselela labo imincintiswano yokulalela (ukulalela).
Kepha futhi banezimilo ezimbi. Ukuqeqeshwa okungalungile nokulungiswa cishe akubasebenzeli, ama-bulldogs akushaya indiva ngokuphelele. Ukuqiniswa okuhle kusebenza kahle, kepha imvamisa bathola okukhona akwanele ukuqedela umyalo.
Yize kungezona izinhlobo ezivelele, zinquma ngokunembile ukuthi imiphi imiyalo yomuntu enganakwa. Futhi banenkani, khona-ke baba obnoxious ngokuphelele. Ngalesi sizathu, umnikazi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi abe sesikhundleni esiphezulu.
Okunye okweqile amazinga aphansi wamandla. Lokhu kungenye yama-sloth slaziest emhlabeni wezinja. Iningi labo likhetha ukulala kusofa, kunokuba ligijime ehlathini. Futhi vele sebengalala usuku lonke, bedlula ngisho amakati kulolu daba.
Ama-bulldogs amadala awavamile ukudlala, futhi awukwazi ukuwenza agijime ngemuva kwenduku. Uma ezinhlotsheni eziningi kuyinkinga ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okwanele komzimba, ngakho-ke kwi-English Bulldog kumane nje kumenze enze okuthile. Ukugijimela kancane ngemuva komnikazi, yilokho okuphezulu.
Futhi umnikazi othanda ukugijima uyishwa langempela kubo. Kodwa-ke, abakudingi lokhu, ngoba kuholela ezinkingeni zezifo zokuphefumula nezifo zohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal.
Ngenkathi kunezinto ezinhle, zilungele ukuhlala efulethini. Imindeni enokusebenza okuphansi iyojabula nabo, futhi labo abadinga ukuhamba nokuzijabulisa kufanele bakhethe kangcono uhlobo oluhlukile.
Ngeke bathande labo abahlanzekile noma abazithandayo. Ziconsisa amathe futhi zitholakala njalo phansi naphansi kwefenisha, noma kungenjalo njengama-Mastiffs amaNgisi. Bafafaza amanzi lapho bedla futhi bephuza, kepha imisindo ingacasula kakhulu.
Njengeminye imihlobo enezimpumulo ezimfushane, amaBulldogs anenkinga yokuphefumula futhi angenza imisindo engajwayelekile: ukububula, ukububula, nokunye okunjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahayiza kakhulu futhi banikezwe ukuthi bayathanda ukulala, ama-trill amade futhi amakhulu alindele wena.
Kepha okuzokwethusa ngempela abantu abakhohlisayo ukuqumba phansi. I-English Bulldogs gas kaningi, eningi futhi enukayo. Lokhu kungathonywa ukudla, kepha akuhlulwa ngokuphelele futhi abanikazi abambalwa bangasho ukuthi izinja zabo zigcina igesi.
Ukunakekela
Okungeyona inkimbinkimbi, abadingi izinsizakalo zomlungisi oqeqeshiwe. Kepha, ezinye zazo zihlushwa izifo zesikhumba bese kudingeka ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Yize ijazi lingeyona inkinga ikakhulukazi njengoba lifushane futhi libushelelezi, kungenzeka ngesikhumba ebusweni.
Ngenxa yesibalo esikhulu semibimbi, amanzi, ukudla, ukungcola, igrisi nezinye izinhlayiya zingena kuzo. Ukugwema ukungcoliswa nokutheleleka, kufanele zisulwe zihlanzwe okungenani kanye ngosuku, futhi kufanele njalo ngemuva kwesidlo ngasinye.
Ezempilo
Ama-Bulldogs esiNgisi asempilweni. Baphathwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene, futhi baba namandla kuzo kunezinye izinhlobo. Lolu wudaba olubucayi kangangokuba imiphakathi yezenhlalakahle yezilwane ifuna ushintsho ezingeni lokufuya, noma ivimbele ukuzalanisa ngokuphelele.
Bavele bashintsha kakhulu kusuka esimweni semvelo, semvelo impisi ebinaso. Ngenxa yokwakheka kogebhezi lwe-brachiocephalic, banenkinga yokuphefumula, futhi izinkinga zohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal ziyifa lamathambo aqanjwe amagama.
Banenkinga yezifo zofuzo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta isikhumba nokuphefumula. Ukugcina kungabiza kaningi kunokugcina olunye uhlobo, ngoba ukwelashwa kwezilwane kubiza iphenathi enhle.
Zonke lezi zinkinga zibangela impilo emfushane. Ngenkathi amakilabhu amaningi namasayithi ethi isiNgisi sinesikhathi sokuphila seminyaka eyi-8-12, ucwaningo luthi yiminyaka engu-6.5, ezimweni ezehlukile 10-11.
Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwango-2004 lwase-UK lwezinja eziyi-180 lwathola isilinganiso seminyaka esiyizinyanga eziyi-6.3. Phakathi kwezimbangela ezinkulu zokufa kubalwa: inhliziyo (20%), umdlavuza (18%), iminyaka yobudala (9%).
Umlomo omfushane nekhanda elikhulu kwaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Ama-bulldogs ahluleka ukugcwalisa amaphaphu awo ngomoya futhi imvamisa aswele ukuphefumula. Ngenxa yalokhu, bayahogela, bahehe, bahoxe futhi benze imisindo engajwayelekile. Abakwazi ukuzivocavoca umzimba isikhathi eside, njengoba amaphaphu abo engakwazi ukuthumela umoya-mpilo owanele ezicutshini.
Ukuphefumula kusiza izinja zipholile, futhi lokhu kuyinkinga yohlobo futhi. Zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni, ezindaweni ezishisayo nangezinyanga zasehlobo, iBulldog kumele ihlolwe kakhulu. Kufanele babe namanzi amaningi nomthunzi, awukwazi ukugcina inja elangeni ngqo.
Ama-bulldogs avame ukubulawa yi-heatstroke! Zinezimfihlo emiphinjeni yazo, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula kanzima. Inja iyaquleka futhi ingafa. Kuyaphuthuma ukumyisa kudokotela wezilwane.
Isimo somoya nomoya omncane kuyadingeka ukugcina inja isesimweni esihle. Ama-bulldogs ajuluka kakhulu ngamapayipi abo, ngakho-ke athanda phansi okubandayo. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo ze-brachycephalic, zishisa kalula futhi zingabulawa yi-hyperthermia. Umnikazi udinga ukukugcina lokhu engqondweni futhi agcine inja endaweni ephephile.
Ikhanda likhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukuzalwa. Cishe ama-80% odoti ahanjiswa nge-caarearean section. Imibimbi ebusweni kufanele ihlanzwe nsuku zonke ukugwema ukutheleleka. Futhi umsila ungafakwa emzimbeni kangangendlela yokuthi indunu idinga ukuhlanzwa nokugcotshwa.
Umzimba wabo ukude kakhulu nokulingana kwempisi futhi bahlushwa izifo zohlelo lwemisipha. Ngokwondliwa nokuzikhandla okungafanele, amathambo akha izinguquko, okuvame ukuholela ebuhlungwini nasekugogekeni ngeminyaka. Cishe wonke umuntu uphethwe yisifo esihlangene noma esisodwa, imvamisa akhula eseneminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu ubudala.
Okuthusa kakhulu yi-hip dysplasia, ekhubaza i-bursa. Lokhu kuholela ebuhlungwini nasekuhluphekeni, kube nezinguquko ezinkulu ekukhubazekeni.
Ngokwezibalo ze-Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, kuma-467 Bulldogs abonwe phakathi kuka-1979 no-2009, ama-73.9% ahlushwa yi-hip dysplasia. Leli yiphesenti eliphakeme kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinja, kepha abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izinombolo zingaba ngaphezulu.
Ngokuphikisana nomlando wakho konke lokhu okungenhla, ama-cysts aphakathi kweminwe abukeka engenangozi. Njengoba zitholwa ngesikhathi sokubuka futhi zisuswa kalula ngokuhlinzwa.
