Centipede - isinambuzane esingathandeki. Kukholakala ukuthi lesi sidalwa esibi sinobuthi futhi singalimaza abantu. Kodwa, naphezu kokubukeka okwesabekayo, iningi lazo alinangozi ikakhulukazi, ngaphandle kwezilo ezinjenge-scolopendra nezinye izinhlobo eziningana ezingavamile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Centipede
Ama-Centipedes abizwa ngokuthi ama-millipedes avela ku-subclass yama-invertebrate, ahlanganisa amakilasi amane we-arthropods yasemhlabeni. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-12,000 zama-millipedes, kufaka phakathi izinsalela eziyi-11 ezaphila eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-450 edlule. Izinsalela ezikhonjwe ngokunembile zibuyele emuva esikhathini esedlule saseSilurian futhi namuhla zithathwa njengezidalwa zamathambo zasendulo kakhulu ezavela olwandle zaya ezweni.
Ividiyo: ICentipede
Ngenxa yokwakheka okufanayo kwezitho zomzimba nezinye izimpawu eziningi, ama-centipedes kuthiwa anezinambuzane isikhathi eside, kepha akunjalo. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa izifundo ezinde, kwatholakala ukuthi ama-centipedes amele iqembu lodade maqondana nezinambuzane ezejwayelekile, okungukuthi, anokhokho ovamile wasendulo, kepha ubudlelwane buphela lapho. Lezi zinhlobo ze-arthropods zakha i-superclass enegama elifanayo - ama-millipedes, angaphansi kwe-tracheal subtype.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-centipedes abantu abadala angaba nemilenze ephakathi kuka-30 no-354, kepha inani lamabili emilenzeni alilingani. Ku-centipede wasekhaya noma i-flycatcher evamile, njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, imilenze ikhula ibuye kancane kancane njengoba umuntu ekhula futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ama-centipedes avuthiwe anezitho zomzimba ezingamabhangqa ayi-15. Uma i-flycatcher inemilenze engaphansi kwengu-30, ayikafiki ebusheni.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani isikhulu
Ama-Centipedes anokubukeka okucacile, nokwesabekayo. I-centipede yabantu abadala ikhula ngobude ize ifike kumasentimitha ayi-4-6. Njengawo wonke ama-arthropod, i-flycatcher inamathambo angaphandle, aqukethe i-chitin. Umzimba ucwecwe ngokuqinile, uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-15 ezihlukene, ngasinye sinemilenze emibili. Amapheya wokugcina made kakhulu kunamanye futhi abukeka kakhulu njengamadevu. Kwabesifazane, imilenze yangemuva ingaba yinde kabili kunomzimba uqobo. Ngalesi sizathu, kunzima kakhulu kumuntu ongazi ukuthi anqume kuphi ikhanda lalesi sidalwa esibi.
Umzimba unombala ophuzi-mpunga noma onsundu onemigqa emide ebomvu-violet, imilenze nayo imthende. Ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo, imilenze emibili yangaphambili ye-centipede iguqukele emhlathini womlenze, lapho ivikela khona futhi ibambe inyamazane. Ikhanda lincane, ngamehlo ayinkimbinkimbi ahlangothini ngalunye. Izintshebe zabantu abadala zinde kakhulu futhi zibukeka njengeziswebhu, eziqukethe izingxenye ezingamakhulu amaningana. Ngosizo lwezimpondo, i-centipede ihlola njalo imingcele eminingi yemvelo, ingabona ingozi ebangeni elikhulu kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba esikhethekile, esinezingxenye ezihamba kakhulu, i-flycatcher ishesha ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ingahamba ngesivinini esifinyelela kumamitha angama-50 ngomzuzwana, zombili ezindaweni eziqondile nezime mpo.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-centipede ibukeka kanjani. Ake sibone ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sidlani.
Uhlala kuphi umphenyi?
Isithombe: Centipede eRussia
Ama-Centipedes atholakala ngobuningi emazweni nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, esishisayo.
Indawo yayo yemvelo:
- yonke iMiddle East, enyakatho ye-Afrika, maphakathi naseningizimu yeYurophu;
- izifunda eziseningizimu, indawo emaphakathi yeRussia, isifunda seVolga;
- I-Ukraine, iCaucasus yonke, iKazakhstan neMoldova;
- Amazwe aseMedithera, eNdiya.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha, impilo ejwayelekile, ama-centipedes adinga umswakama. Emahlathini, kulula ukuyithola ngaphansi kwanoma iliphi itshe, ezimpandeni zezihlahla, phakathi kwamaqabunga awile. Ngokuqala kwekwindla, lezi zidalwa zifuna indawo efudumele, ecashile futhi zivame ukuvela ezindlini zabantu. Emafulethini, ezindlini, ngokuvamile abahlali unomphela, kepha balinda kuphela amakhaza. Ebusika bayalala, kepha ngemfudumalo yokuqala baphila futhi bathuthele endaweni yabo yemvelo.
Abadobi bezindiza bangatholakala ezindlini zabantu:
- ezindlini ezingaphansi nakwezingaphansi komhlaba;
- izindlu zokugeza;
- noma imaphi amakamelo anomswakama ophezulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukungena esikhaleni esiphilayo ngokuqhekeka kwezindonga noma ngepayipi, ama-centipedes ahlala endaweni eyodwa kuphela futhi awanyakazi. Aziziphindaphindeli izinombolo ezingakholeki njengamaphela, azonakalisi ukudla, ifenisha, izimbali, njalonjalo.
Kwesinye isikhathi ababamba izimpukane bavela ezindlini ngisho nasehlobo. Bangakhangwa yizinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezihlala ngobuningi ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu ngenxa yezimo zenhlanzeko ezingagculisi.
Kudlani umphenyi?
Isithombe: Isinambuzane seCentipede
Wonke ama-centipedes yizilwane ezidlayo, kufaka phakathi i-flycatcher.
Ukudla kwabo okujwayelekile:
- izintuthwane namaqanda azo;
- amaphela, kuhlanganise nawasekhaya;
- Izimpukane, imikhaza kanye nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi.
Azinabungozi kubantu nasezilwaneni. Ubuthi obungakhishwa yi-centipede bungakhubaza futhi bubulale izinambuzane ezincane kuphela. Lesi sidalwa, yize sibukeka sinengeka, siletha izinzuzo eziningi kwezolimo, ngakho-ke, emazweni amaningi ezolimo, siyavikelwa.
Ngemuva kokubamba impukane noma iphela, i-centipede ayiqali ukudla ngaso leso sikhathi - ifaka ingxenye kashevu wayo kwisisulu esiphilayo bese ilinda ize ibukhubaze ngokuphelele, bese iyidla ekhoneni elifihlekile. I-flycatcher igcina izinambuzane ngemilenze yayo eminingi, umhlathi onamandla, futhi isisulu asinalo ithuba lokusindiswa. Kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5 izinambuzane kungabhujiswa ngasikhathi.
Yize ama-centipedes asekhaya engeyona ingozi kubantu futhi angamhlaseli, akufanele uthathe lezi zidalwa ngezandla zakho, njengoba, ngokuzivikela, zingaluma. Udosi lwabo luyafana nolwenyosi futhi lungadala ukungezwani komzimba ezinganeni nakwabaguliswa ukungezwani komzimba.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma ama-centipedes efakwe egumbini lokuphumula, kunzima kakhulu ukuwasusa, ngoba awalingwa yizithiyo, awalinyazwa ngamateyipu okunamathela - izitho ezilahlekile zivuselelwa ngesikhathi esifushane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Isiphepho esimnyama
Ama-Centipedes ikakhulukazi asebusuku, kodwa futhi angatholakala ngezikhathi zasemini ezindaweni ezinomthunzi. Ababambisi bama-fly bangabagijimi beqiniso phakathi kwazo zonke izihlobo zabo. Uma ekuphumuleni lesi sidalwa sicindezelwe ngokuqinile ebusweni, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokugijima siphakamisa umzimba ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amehlo amahle nephunga, isakhiwo esikhethekile semilenze, esikuvumela ukuba uhlale ezindongeni eziphakeme, senze abazingeli abahle kakhulu ngama-millipedes. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka komzimba, bayakwazi ukungena ngisho nemifantu emincane. Empilweni ejwayelekile, amandla amaningi ayadingeka, ngakho-ke bafuna ukudla cishe njalo, belandelela izimpukane noma izicabucabu.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-centipedes abizwa ngokuthi ama-centipedes, yize lezi zidalwa zinokwehluka okuningi hhayi ngokubukeka kuphela. I-Scolopendra, ehlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo, ayinabo ubungozi njengabazala babo be-centipede. Ukuluma kwabo okunesihlungu kungadala ingozi enkulu empilweni yomuntu, kuze kufike ekufeni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngemuva kokuthinta ama-centipedes, kubalulekile ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho futhi ungathinti amehlo akho, ngoba izindlala ezinobuthi zitholakala ezinhlangothini zomzimba walezi zidalwa, futhi ubuthi bungabangela ukucasuka okukhulu kolwelwesi lwamafinyila.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Centipede ekhaya
Wonke ama-centipedes angabodwa, kepha lapho ehlangana ngenhlanhla, abantu ngokuvamile bavame ukukhasa buthule futhi ukulwa phakathi kwabo akuvamile neze. Awekho amacala okudla inyama phakathi kwalezi zidalwa. Izinsuku zokugcina zikaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni yisikhathi sokuzalisa ama-centipedes. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesifazane baqala ukukhiqiza izinto ezikhethekile, beheha owesilisa kubo.
Inqubo yabo yokukhulelwa ihlukile:
- owesilisa uvala umnyango wokuhlala kwakhe emhlabathini ngogodo bese efaka isidoda sakhe esikhwameni esakhiwe;
- owesifazane ukhasa ngaphansi kwesikhwama sesidoda bese ebambelela kuso ngezitho zakhe zobulili, kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa abeke amaqanda emgodini ombiwe, awumboze nge-mucus onamathelayo.
I-Clutch ingaqukatha amaqanda angama-70-130. Kwaphela amasonto ambalwa, abesifazane baqapha i-clutch, bayihlanganisa ngezidladla zakhe. Ikhipha into ekhethekile ukuvikela ekubunjweni yisikhunta. Izibungu zivela ndawonye. Zimhlophe ekuqaleni futhi zithambe kakhulu ngamabhangqa amane emilenze. Nge-molt ngayinye, amabhangqa amasha emilenze akhula ezilwaneni ezisencane, futhi umbala womzimba kancane kancane uba mnyama. Kuphela ngemuva kwe-molt yesihlanu noma yesithupha lapho izibungu zizoba namabhangqa emilenze ayi-15. Ezimweni zemvelo, ama-centipedes ahlala iminyaka engu-4-6. Izilwane ezisencane zifana ngokuphelele nomuntu omdala kuphela ngemuva kokuthomba.
Izitha zemvelo zama-centipedes
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani isikhulu
Ama-Centipedes anesibalo esincane sezitha, ngoba ngenxa yobuningi bezindlala ezinobuthi, azinambitheki yezilwane eziningi ezidlayo, kanti nakwabanye zingaba yingozi. Kodwa-ke, ama-centipedes awanandaba nokudla izinyoka, amagundane, ngisho namakati. Kumagundane nezilwane ezifuywayo, ukudla okulula kulezi zidalwa kusongela ukutheleleka ngama-parasites angahlala emizimbeni "yezimbungu" ezinobuthi.
Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zama-centipedes, ngokwesibonelo, ama-centipedes, endaweni yokufakelwa angazidla izihlobo zawo, ikakhulukazi ezincane. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile kakhulu futhi kuphela ngenani elanele lokudla okuvamile. Imvamisa, lezi zidalwa zihlala ngokuthula ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka ezimpini. Kwesinye isikhathi kuphela abesilisa abangabambana nemilenze yabo eminingi bese belala begoqene ebholeni imizuzu eyi-10-15, bese beyeka ukuzibandakanya baphinde baqhubeke nebhizinisi labo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke lama-centipedes amakhulu lifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-35 ubude. Kuyisikhulu esikhulu esinobuthi esitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo kuphela futhi ukulunywa kwaso kuvame ukubulala abantu.
Uma inyoni encane, engenakho okuhlangenwe nakho ngengozi idonsa iphenathi phansi ukuyidla, bese iyikhafula ngokushesha. Abantu abanolwazi oluningi abathinti neze ama-millipedes.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Centipede
Akukho okusongela inani le-centipede, ngoba livundile kakhulu futhi alinazo izitha. Imvamisa, kubhekene nenkinga ehlukile - ukuthi ungabasusa kanjani uma behlala endlini noma efulethini. Yize iqiniso lokuthi abadobi bezimpukane abayingozi kubantu futhi baze babhubhise nezinambuzane eziyingozi, ukuhlala nabo endaweni eyodwa yokuhlala ngeke kujabulise noma ngubani. Lokhu kungaba yinkinga enkulu kakhulu, ngoba imithi ejwayelekile yokuxosha izinambuzane ayinamandla lapha.
Kuyadingeka ukushintsha izimo zikhululekile kulezi zidalwa bese zihamba zodwa:
- ama-centipedes athanda kakhulu umswakama, okusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukususa umthombo womswakama ophezulu - hhayi ukushiya amaxhaphozi nezidwedwe ezimanzi phansi, ukulungisa ompompi;
- kufanele ufake umoya kaningi emagcekeni, futhi, uma kunesidingo, faka uhlelo lokungenisa umoya;
- ukuqeda zonke izinambuzane ezisendlini, njengoba zikwazi ukuheha ama-centipedes njengomthombo wokudla;
- susa wonke udoti wakudala, amabhodi abolile, isikhunta egumbini elingaphansi;
- vala indlela yokuthi isenti lingene egumbini - faka izikrini kumawindi, lungisa phansi, njalonjalo.
Lapho nje izimo zokuphila zingasenelisi ababambi bezindiza, bazohamba ngokushesha kuleyo ndawo. Uma lezi zidalwa sezizinze ekotishi lasehlobo, ngakho-ke akufanele uziphazamise, ngoba zidla izinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi. Kwamanye amazwe, ngokwesibonelo e-Ukraine, ababambi bezindiza babhalwe kuRed Book futhi bayavikelwa.
Centipede akayena umakhelwane othandeka kunabo bonke, kodwa kungcono "ukwenza ubungane" naye, ngoba uzuza umuntu, abhubhise ngempumelelo izinambuzane eziningi eziyimifino eziyingozi kubantu. Lokhu kunjalo impela lapho ukubukeka kukhohlisa futhi ngemuva kokubukeka okubi kungumngane omncane, hhayi isitha esikhulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/16/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.08.2019 ngo-22: 47
