I-Tsichlazoma severum mhlawumbe iyinhlanzi ethandwa kakhulu e-aquarium, kokubili phakathi kwama-novice aquarists kanye nobuhle. Konke kumayelana nokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside, okuqukethwe okungathobekile nombala ogqamile.
AmaSeverum abizwa nangokuthi i-discus yamanga ngenxa yokufana kwawo kwangaphandle - umzimba we-cichlazoma uphakeme kakhulu futhi ucindezelwe ezinhlangothini. Kepha ngokungafani nezinhlanzi ze-discus, lezi zinhlanzi azidingi imibandela eqinile enjalo yokugcinwa.
Ukubukeka nezinhlobonhlobo
ICichlazoma severum ihlala endle emifuleni yaseNingizimu Melika. Umbala wazo wemvelo uncike lapho uhlala khona futhi uyahlukahluka kusuka kokusobala ngokukhanyayo kuya koku nsundu ngamachashaza amnyama emzimbeni wonke. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, abesilisa bangafika ku-25-30 cm ubude. Izihlobo zabo ze-aquarium azikho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-20.Ububanzi bombala bubanzi kakhulu futhi buvame ukufaka umbala wemvelo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zediski yamanga zibhekwa:
- i-severum yegolide - ephuzi ngokuhlukahluka kombala, abesilisa bane "mask" ekhangayo futhi ekhanyayo ye-orange;
- i-severum enamakhanda abomvu noma anamahlombe abomvu (igama lesibili yi-rocktail). I-rocktail inomugqa obomvu osawolintshi ngemuva kwekhanda layo. Amaphiko anombala ofanayo;
- i-severum enamachashazi abomvu - abantu abaphuzi ngokugqamile, cishe umbala wegolide onemibala ebomvu emzimbeni wonke;
- amaparele abomvu e-cichlazoma severum - enye yezinhlobo ezithandwayo kakhulu ze-severum, ezithanda kakhulu umzimba wazo ophuzi onamachashazi abomvu;
- I-cichlazoma severum blue emerald iyisigaxa sesibili esithandwa kakhulu, esinombala we-blue-emerald oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu onamabala amnyama emzimbeni wonke.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwabobulili obuhlukile umbala uhlukaniswa ngokugqama nokugcwala kwawo. Abesifazane banokubukeka "okuthulisiwe", abesilisa babukisa "ngakho konke ukuxokozela kwemibala" ngaphakathi kwamandla abo ezinhlobo.
Izithombe zikhombisa ngokusobala abamele izigungu.
Imibandela yokuboshwa
Ukugcina ama-severums ku-aquarium akuyona inkinga enkulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isitsha esifanele, uhlanze indawo yokuhlala izinhlanzi ngesikhathi bese unikeza ukudla okulungile.
Ukukhetha "ikhaya" lenhlanzi
Ukuphila okunethezekile kwezinhlanzi, udinga ukukhetha i-aquarium ngokuya ngamabhodlela amabili - amalitha ayi-200 wamanzi. Uma kuhlelwe ukuhlalisa izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi, khona-ke umthamo kufanele okungenani ube ngama-300, futhi mhlawumbe kube ngamalitha angama-500, ngokuya ngenani labahlali.
Amapharamitha wamanzi:
- Ithempelesha 23-28C,
- I-Acidity (pH) 5.8 -7.0,
- Ubulukhuni (dH) 5-20 (kufika ku-25)
I-Tsichlazoma ayithobeki kokuqukethwe, ibekezelela kalula ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa, futhi iyamelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uma i-aquarium yinde futhi incane, izinhlanzi zizokhula zinde futhi zibe yisicaba. Uma indlu yengilazi ibanzi, izinhlanzi zikhula ngobubanzi futhi zifane nenhlanzi yediski.
Ukuhlobisa indlu engaphansi kwamanzi
Kungcono ukufafaza amatshe amancane phansi, lapho kulula khona ukutshala izitshalo ezinamaqabunga aqinile. Ama-snags nama-grotto amakhulu kuzofaneleka.
Cabanga ngeqiniso lokuthi izitshalo ezinamakhasi amancane anamahlumela amancane athambile angasebenza njengokudla kwamakhosi.
Isithombe sekhaya eliphelele elingaphansi kwamanzi ngamakhompiyutha
Umakhelwane
I-Severum ngokwemvelo iyinhlanzi engeyona enobudlova. Ngakho-ke, ngazo ungaxazulula ngokuphepha izinhlanzi ezilingana nazo. Uma incane noma inkulu, izakhamizi ngeke zikhululeke kakhulu uma zihlangana.
Kodwa i-cichlazoma ithuthukise ulaka lwe-intraspecific. Ngakho-ke, ku-aquarium eyodwa, udinga ukuxazulula abantu abadala, ama-pair asunguliwe noma iqembu elincane lezinhlanzi ezincane. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-cichlids, amanye ama-cichlids (uma ivolumu ivumela), ama-mesonout, ama-astronotus alungele omakhelwane. Ungangeza futhi i-catfish, izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-barbs ne-haracin kubo.
Izinhlanzi zincane ngosayizi futhi zihamba kancane, ngokweqile azifanele omakhelwane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi zonke izinhlobo zemisila yeveli, inhlanzi yegolide, ama-tetra nama-neon. Ngisho nokuba ne-aquarium enkulu akuvumeli ukugcina izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene kangaka esitsheni esisodwa.
Isithombe sikhombisa i-aquarium enezakhamuzi zayo ezimibalabala.
Ukondla izinhlanzi
I-Tsichlazoma iyinhlanzi edla omnivorous. Amaprotheni (bukhoma) nokudla kwezitshalo kumele nakanjani kufakwe ekudleni. Amanye ama-aquarists asikisela ukuthi kunikezwe u-ulethisi oqoshiwe noma amaqabunga esipinashi njengokudla okuluhlaza (ngaphambi kwalokhu badinga ukushiswa ngamanzi abilayo). Ama-peas aluhlaza namafomula alinganiselayo ane-spirulina nawo azosebenza.
Kusuka kokuphakelwa kwezilwane, unganikela ngezimfanzi, izikelemu zegazi, ama-brine shrimp. Ukudla okomile kwezinhlanzi kuthengiswa ngobuningi ezitolo zezilwane - kufake nako ekudleni. Kufanele kube okuhlukahlukene futhi kulinganiswe, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzala.
Inothi elilodwa - uma unezitshalo ezikhulayo ku-aquarium yakho ezinikeza amahlumela aluhlaza athambile, lungela i-cichlazoma ukujabulela ibhulakufesi noma idina nabo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kokuhlukaniswa
Ngababili, izinhlanzi ezihlukanisiwe ziphuka ngokuzimela. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka eminyakeni eyi-1.5-2. Kepha kudala ngaphambi kwalokho, uyawubona umehluko phakathi kobulili. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngomphetho obukhali ngemuva kwenhlabamkhosi yesikhathi esizayo. Nentombi yakhe, naye uyakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umehluko wobulili ubuye ubonakale ngombala. Kweduna, liyakhanya, linamachashaza amenyezelwe nemivimbo emzimbeni wonke. Owesifazane unombala womzimba okhanyayo, ocishe ufane.
Ukuze uvuse ukuzala okuzenzakalelayo, udinga ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa lamanzi ku-aquarium ngo-2-3 °. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza ushintsho lwamanzi ngokwengxenye kabili ngesonto. Kunconywa ukufaka esikhundleni se-1/4 kuye ku-1/5 yevolumu ephelele.
Izinhlanzi zingazala echibini elijwayelekile, nasendaweni ekhethekile yokuzala, enomthamo okungenani wamalitha ayi-150.
Umdanso wokukhwelana ngo "kiss" omude usebenza njengesiqalo sokuzala. Izinhlanzi ziyahlangana ngemilomo yazo zizungeze i-aquarium. Ngemuva kwalokho, insikazi izalela amaqanda endaweni eqondile noma ethambekele kancane. Ubuningi bayo bungafinyelela kusuka kuma-PC angama-300 kuye kwayi-1000. Kuya ngemvamisa yokuzala.
Isikhathi sokufukamela sincike ngqo emazingeni okushisa kwamanzi futhi imvamisa sithatha isonto. Sonke lesi sikhathi, abazali banakekela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo - bakhetha amaqanda afile, bafaka amanzi eduze kwe-clutch ngamaphiko abo.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7, izibungu ziqala ukuzibhukuda zodwa futhi sezivele zidinga ukudla. Ukudla kungaba yi-microplankton, i-nauplii, i-brine shrimp, noma ukudla okunomsoco okulinganiselayo.
Ukukhula okuncane kwe-cichlazoma kukhula kancane. Ngemuva kwenyanga kuphela, e-aquarium, ungabona intsha eyisentimitha, esivele ikhombisa umbala wayo.
Nokunye okuthokozisayo okuvela empilweni yamakhasimende
Kuvela ukuthi izinhlanzi ze-cichlazoma zingakha ngazimbili zomuntu oyedwa, kepha abesifazane kuphela. Lesi simo sezindaba kufanele sixwayise i-aquarist. Kulokhu, kunjalo, akukho lutho olwesabekayo, kepha inzalo evela "othandweni lwenhlanzi" olunjalo akufanele ilindelwe.
Uma uhlukanisa lezi zibhangqwana noma uvumela owesilisa endaweni yakhe, ungalahlekelwa yizingane, ngoba abesifazane basabela ngolaka ekungeneleleni okungenasihlonipho kwezihlobo zabo, kuphela kwabanye ubulili.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abakhiqizi bayakwazi ukufihla imfihlo ekhethekile evela epithelium lapho izingane zondliwa ngayo. Ngakho-ke, azikho neze izinkinga ngokuzalaniswa kwesigaxa. Kepha uma udlulisele inhlanzi ku-aquarium entsha ngaphambi nje kokuba izale, gada ngokucophelela indlela yokuziphatha kwentsha. "Umama nobaba" bangaba nengcindezi futhi ngeke bazinikeze "ukudla" izingane zabo. Kuyabonakala nasemibhangqwaneni emidala esezalile iminyaka embalwa.
